Rubiacearum Americanarum Magna Hama Pars XXV: The Nocturnally Flowering Psychotria domingensis–Coussarea hondensis Group Plus Three Other Mesoamerican Psychotria Species Transfer to Palicourea

2010·11.4 MB·English

by  Charlotte M Taylor

D. H. 1994.
Rubiacearum Americanarum Magna Hama Pars XXV: The Noctumally
Flowering Psychotria domingensis—Coussarea hondensis Group Plus
Three Other Mesoamerican Psychotria Species Transfer to Palicourea
Charlotte M. Taylor
Missouri Botanical Garden, P.0. Box 299, St. Louis, Missouri 63166-0299, U.S.A.
[email protected]
David H. Lorence
National Tropical Botanical Garden, 3530 Papalina Road, Kalaheo, Kauai, Hawai'i 96741,
U.S.A. [email protected]
Roy E. Gereau
Missouri Botanical Garden, P.O. Box 299, St. Louis, Missouri 63166-0299, U.S.A.
[email protected]
Abstract. Several Neotropical shrubs and trees courea diguana (Standi, ex Steyerm.) C. M. Taylor is
psychotria Steyerm., Palicourea Aubl., and Coussarea Palicourea eurycarpa (Standi.) C. M. Taylor is based
Aubl. (Rubiaceae) share persistent stipules, appar¬ on Psychotria eurycarpa Standi.; Palicourea faxlucens
ently nocturnal flowers, well-developed white corollas (Lorence & Dwyer) Lorence is based on Psychotria
with two plano-convex pyrenes that generally have (C. M. Taylor) C. M. Taylor is based on Coussarea
rather thin walls and are dorsally smooth or angled; grandifructa C. M. Taylor; Palicourea heydei (Standi.)
additionally, most of these species have reduced Lorence is based on Psychotria heydei Standi.;
stipules and relatively large fruits. The separation of Palicourea hondensis (Standi.) C. M. Taylor is based
Psychotria and Coussarea has been problematic at
least in Central America, but removal here of six (Standi. & Steyerm.) Lorence is based on Coussarea
species from Coussarea leaves that genus character¬ mediocris Standi. & Steyerm.; Palicourea megalantha
ized morphologically by 4-merous flowers and fruits (Lorence) Lorence is based on Psychotria megalantha
based on Coussarea nebulosa Dwyer; Palicourea
species of Psychotria subg. Heteropsychotria comprise neopurpusu C. M. Taylor is based on Psychotria
a single evolutionary group. These nocturnally purpusu Standi.; Palicourea psychotrioides (C. M.
of Palicourea in this expanded circumscription and psychotrioides C. M. Taylor & Hammel; Palicourea
are here transferred to Palicourea along with three roseocremea (Dwyer) C. M. Taylor is based on
additional species from Mexico and Guatemala with Coussarea roseocremea Dwyer; Palicourea sousae
relatively large, apparently hummingbird-pollinated (Lorence & Dwyer) Lorence is based on Psychotria
flowers. Corresponding new combinations and names sousae Lorence & Dwyer; Palicourea tetragona (Donn.
are published for several of these: Palicourea Sm.) C. M. Taylor & Lorence is based on Cephaelis
alajuelensis C. M. Taylor is based on Coussarea tetragona Donn. Sm.; Palicourea thomei (Lorence)
austin-smithii Standi.; Palicourea beachiana C. M. Lorence is based on Psychotria thomei Lorence;
& Hammel; Palicourea breedlovei (Lorence) Lorence Psychotria tutensis Dwyer; and Palicourea umbellifor-
is based on Psychotria breedlovei Lorence; Palicourea mis (Dwyer & M. V. Hayden) C. M. Taylor is based on
calidicola (C. M. Taylor) C. M. Taylor is based on Psychotria umbelliformis Dwyer & M. V. Hayden. The
chrysocalymma (L. 0. Williams) C. M. Taylor is based
on Psychotria chrysocalymma L. 0. Williams; Pali¬ and separated from Palicourea roseocremea by its
doi: 10.3417/2009124 Novon 20: 481-492. Published on 29 November 2010.

rlf,
Viejo de Sarapiqm, near jet. of Rios Puerto Viejo
Volume 20, Number 4 Taylor et al. 487
2010 Psychotria domingensis-Coussarea hondensis
Group (Rubiaceae)
(holotype, US-2825317; isotypes, F-1285352,
Rubiaceae species at the La Selva Biological Station YEN not seen).
The name Palicourea nigrescens M. Martens & This species is known from i i Colombia at 0-
Galeotti is a synonym ol Psychotria mexiae Standi.,
which can be recognized by its caducous stipules that
7. Palicourea domingensis (Jacq.) DC., Prodr. 4:
red fruits (Hamilton, 1989). 529. 1830. Basionym: Psychotria domingensis
Jacq., Enum. Syst. PL 16. 1760. TYPE: Domin¬
ican Republic. Barahona: Arroyo San Rafael,
Palicourea breedlovei (Lorence) Lorence, comb,
nov. Basionym: Psychotria breedlovei Lorence, poblado de San Rafael, 5 km desde Paraiso en la
Novon 4: 125, fig. 4. 1994. TYPE: Mexico. carr. a Barahona, 18°02'N, 71°08'W, 20 m, 15
Chiapas: mpio. La Trinitaria, a 1 km al E de June 1982, T. Zanoni, M. Mejia & J. Pimentel
20943 (neotype, designated here, JBSD; dupli¬
Nac. Lagos de Montebello, 16°05'N, 91°39'W, cates, MO-4279412, NY).
1330 m, 9 Aug. 1985, T. Chehaibar 170 (holotype,
PTBG-9595; isotypes, MEXU, UAMIZ). This species is known from central Mexico to Costa
This species is known from southern Mexico throughout the Antilles at 0-800 m; it was studied by
(Chiapas) and Guatemala at 1300-1400 m. Taylor (1987), who presented a morphological descrip¬
tion and synonymy. The original description of this
Palicourea calidicola (C. M. Taylor) C. M. species was based on plants from Santo Domingo,
probably meaning the country now called the Domin¬
cT2o0ol0rat4 u.Cg u.T eYMroP., E sT:o abCyrloeo sret,a l NRRoiiocv aTo. o/1rLt4uim:g uo4ne9r: o7,P, acfraigq. .u 3e 2 kANm-a Dca..l vJicaeacrnyq uRifnee’wpsu bnNalimeco ertsra othpheiacrva elt hbasnepe etnch ieml omecnaostde edcm o( rDcrei’tAsypr.o cyHn,d oiw1n9ge7v 0et)ro,,
SO del pueblo, 4 m, 12 Oct. 1988, R. Robles
2100 (holotype, CR; isotype, MO-03644674).
0-8T0h0is msp. ecies is known from Nicaragua to Panama at PcSaotlamicnbod.iu .,r neJoa.v .e WuBarsyahsc.i aonrApycmaa :d (.S PtSasncyidc. ih.)o1 t8rC:i .a 2M7e5.u .r Ty1acy9alr2op8ra.,
TYPE: Costa Rica. Guanacaste: Quebrada Ser¬
5. Palicourea clirysocalymma (L. 0. Williams) C. ena, SE of Tilaran, 700 m, 27 Jan. 1926, P. C.
chrysocalymma L. O. Williams, Phytologia 28(3): 1254544).
2sNu2 m8o.fm 1Fi9ti 7no4cf .a V TPoYlicaPamEno: nSGtaeun,a tatbe emLtwuail.s aa.F , iEn2lc4 aP0 r0oP-gi3ar3em3soo3:n tmhei ,l &l5s at T7h0i0s- s1p5e0c0ie ms .i s known from Costa Rica and Panama
Feb. 1942, J. A. Steyermark 43518 (holotype,
F-1133849). 9. Palicourea faxlucens (Lorence & Dwyer) Lor¬
ence, comb. nov. Basionym: Psychotria faxlucens
Lorence & Dwyer, Bol. Soc. Bot. Mexico 47: 50,
Catemaco, Ejido de Coscoapan, 8 km SE de
Coyame, 16 Apr. 1974, F. Ponce & R. Cedillo T.
Taylor, comb. nov. Basionym: Cephaelis di- 2 (holotype, MEXU; isotypes, F-1890407, MO-
2887095).
S1149te.9 y6e.r 1m9T.6)4 Y. PCE.P : syMCc.h ooloTtrmaiayb lioard., igVuNaaonlvlaeo n (dS6et(la2 n):dC i,a 2u1ce2ax:. (1V9T8er7ha)ic.s m zs)p ecaite s 15is0 -9k5n0o wnm fr(oLmo rencceen tra&l MDwexyiecro,
hoya del Rio Digua, quebrada del Rio San
2050 m, 20 Mar. 1947, J. Cuatrecasas 23960
Novon
iocris Standi. & Steyerm., Publ. Field Mus. Nat.
zeitung 10: 286. 1842. Psychotria gardenioides Hist., Bot. Ser. 23: 248. 1947. TYPE: Guatemala.
(Scheidw.) Standi., J. Wash. Acad. Sci. 17(13): 342. Huehuetenango: Sierra de los Cuchumatanes,
1927. TYPE: Mexico. Veracruz: Catemaco, 500 m, vie. of Maxbal, ca. 17 mi. N of Barillas, 1500 m,
20 May 1968, G. Martinez C. 1700 (neotype, 15-26 July 1942, J. A. Steyermark 48732
designated here, XAL; duplicate, MO-2703387). (holotype, F-l 134264; isotype, US-01920019).
This species is known from eastern Mexico
2D, E. 2001, syn. nov. TYPE: Guatemala.^ Izabal: El
dcuelstcivriaptteido nm oaft Rerhiaold oosft oumnkan goawrnd eonriiogiidne sf rwomas ab alosecdal iotyn EMsOto-r4, 331273 0M0a).r . 1972, E. Contreras 11354 (holotype,
This species is known from Guatemala at 0-
specimen mentioned or designated. A neotype from 1500 m. Coussarea izabalensis was distinguished
Veracruz State, Mexico, is here designated. from C. mediocris based only on its significantly
larger corollas. However, the measurements given in
11. TPaaylliocro, ucroemab g. rnaonvd. iBfrausicotnay m(C: . CMo.u Tssaayrleoar )g rCa.n dM¬. tbheec aupsreo tothloeg ulee ngotfh Cw.a s mgeidvieonc riisn acreen timineatcecrsu rabtue,t
2if0ru0c1t.a TCY. PME.: TCayolsotar, RNiocvao. nP 1u1n:t a1r3e8n,a sf:i g.R 2eAse,r vBa. be separated by corolla size and are here synony-
Forestal Golfo Dulce, Osa Peninsula, Rancho
Quemado, ca. 15 km W of Rincon, in bottom of
along rd. on ridge above valley, 8°42'N, comb. nov. Basionym: Psychotria megalantha
83°33'W, 250 m, 31 May 1988, B. Hammel, G. Lorence, Bol. Soc. Bot. Mexico 47: 58, fig. 2c, d.
1987. TYPE: Mexico. Oaxaca: Ixtlan, Sierra de
(holotype, MO-3846254). Juarez, Ruta 175 Tuxtepec a Oaxaca, 5 km NE
13T0h-4is0 0sp mec. ies is known from southern Costa Rica at Ldiseoo rteyVnpciesets a,& BH RMe. r,m CBoeRdsai,l ,l Co1 AT3S.0 ,04 E1m9N0,C 2B(h8,o FlMo-t2ayy0p 3e,12 94M87E37,X, DUK.;,
MEXU, MO-3772888, NY, UC, US-03330470,
12. Palicourea heydei (Standi.) Lorence, comb, W, WIS, TEX, XAL).
nWGouavas. the.mB aaAsliaoc. nadQy.m ui:c ShcPeis:. yCch1h8oiu:t rli,a 1 286h40e. 0y dm1ei9, 2AS8.tp arn. Td1iY.8,P 9E2J:., (OTaxhaics a) sapte c8i0e0s -1i8s 00k nmo w(Ln orfernocme &so Dutwhyeernr, 1M98e7x)ic. o
E. T. Heyde & E. Lux 3173 (holotype, US-
939642; isotype, F-578982). 16. Palicourea nebulosa (Dwyer) C. M. Taylor,
(ChTihaipsa s)s paencdi eGs uaist emkanloaw ant 2f3ro0m0- 2s8o0u0t hmer.n Mexico cD1o9wm8y0be..r ,P snyAocnvhn.o .t riBMaa nsisieosbonuuylrmoi s:a B (oDCt.wo uysGesraa) rrdCea.. M6n.7 e:T bauy1llo3os1ra.,
Novon 5: 205. 1995, hom. illeg., not Psychotria
13. Palicourea hondensis (Standi.) C. M. Taylor, nebulosa K. Krause, 1920. TYPE: Panama.
Chiriqui: uncut cloud forest at Monte Rey near
Standi., J. Wash. Acad. Sci. 18: 183. 1928. Boquete, 20 July 1971, T. B. Croat 15868
Coussarea hondensis (Standi.) C. M. Taylor & W. (holotype, MO-2162995; isotype, MO-4043128).
CRat.il caBanu.t irqgLueirem,, So1ne0l: b0y Bmano, aisA 1u2dg: .e 1 139R80.i o11 ,9 H9H1. o. PnTdiYtoti,P eEr v: 1eC6rs1oas6nt1at at T40hi0s- 1sp6e0c0ie ms .i s known from Costa Rica and Panama
(holotype, US-764151).
17. Palicourea neopurpusii C. M. Taylor, nom.
0R-i1ca1 0a0n dm e,a satnedrn isN ifcraerqaugeunat.l y encountered in Costa PCaolnictro. uUre.Sa . pNuraptul.s iHi Setrabnd.^i.^, )1:9 3103.8 8T.Y 1P9E2: 6M, enxo¬t
ico. Chiapas: Cerro del Boqueron, Aug. 1913, C.
14. Palicourea mediocris (Standi. & Steyerm.) A. Purpus 7012 (holotype, US-567269; isotypes,
Lorence, comb. nov. Basionym: Coussarea med- F-415780, GH, MO-741513).