Rubber Plantations and Carbon Management PDF
Preview Rubber Plantations and Carbon Management
RUBBER PLANTATIONS AND CARBON MANAGEMENT RUBBER PLANTATIONS AND CARBON MANAGEMENT Arun Jyoti Nath, PhD Biplab Brahma, PhD Ashesh Kumar Das, PhD Apple Academic Press Inc. Apple Academic Press Inc. 3333 Mistwell Crescent 1265 Goldenrod Circle NE Oakville, ON L6L 0A2, Canada Palm Bay, Florida 32905, USA © 2020 by Apple Academic Press, Inc. Exclusive worldwide distribution by CRC Press, a member of Taylor & Francis Group No claim to original U.S. Government works International Standard Book Number-13: 978-1-77188-783-0 (Hardcover) International Standard Book Number-13: 978-0-42902-349-1 (eBook) All rights reserved. No part of this work may be reprinted or reproduced or utilized in any form or by any electric, mechanical or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher or its distributor, except in the case of brief excerpts or quotations for use in reviews or critical articles. This book contains information obtained from authentic and highly regarded sources. Reprinted material is quoted with permis- sion and sources are indicated. Copyright for individual articles remains with the authors as indicated. A wide variety of references are listed. Reasonable efforts have been made to publish reliable data and information, but the authors, editors, and the publisher cannot assume responsibility for the validity of all materials or the consequences of their use. The authors, editors, and the publisher have attempted to trace the copyright holders of all material reproduced in this publication and apologize to copyright holders if permission to publish in this form has not been obtained. If any copyright material has not been acknowledged, please write and let us know so we may rectify in any future reprint. Trademark Notice: Registered trademark of products or corporate names are used only for explanation and identification without intent to infringe. Library and Archives Canada Cataloguing in Publication Title: Rubber plantations and carbon management / Arun Jyoti Nath, PhD, Biplab Brahma, PhD, Ashesh Kumar Das, PhD. Names: Nath, Arun Jyoti, author. | Brahma, Biplab, author. | Das, Ashesh Kumar, author. Description: Includes bibliographical references and index. Identifiers: Canadiana (print) 20190134690 | Canadiana (ebook) 20190134747 | ISBN 9781771887830 (hardcover) | ISBN 9780429023491 (ebook) Subjects: LCSH: Rubber plantations—Environmental aspects. | LCSH: Carbon dioxide mitigation. Classification: LCC HD9161.A2 N38 2020 | DDC 338.4/76782—dc23 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Names: Nath, Arun Jyoti, author. | Brahma, Biplab, author. | Das, Ashesh Kumar, author. Title: Rubber plantations and carbon management / Arun Jyoti Nath, PhD, Biplab Brahma, PhD, Ashesh Kumar Das, PhD. Description: Oakville, ON, Canada ; Palm Bay, Florida : Apple Academic Press, 2019. | Includes bibliographical references and index. | Summary: “With the increasing atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration and the resulting environmental consequences for plants, it is necessary to consider the future of rubber plantations, an important source of latex for rubber production. In Rubber Plantations and Carbon Management, the authors explore the ecology of rubber plantations in the context of carbon management under a scenario of our changing climate. The authors provide an in-depth study of the carbon stock and sequestration potentiality of rubber plantations. The volume also provides information on a biomass estimating model that can be used in future study of non-harvesting biomass estimation for a variety of plants. Topics in the volume address ecosystem biomass carbon losses through clear felling management systems, ecosystem carbon sequestration, and fine root dynamics in carbon balance under a rubber plantation management system. The volume concludes with an examination of future strategies and determines that rubber plantation development by replacing natural forests should not be encouraged, though progressive land use changes, for example, conversion of degraded forest lands or grasslands to rubber plantations, can enhance biomass and soil stock. The expansion of rubber tree plantations with best management practices in degraded forest, grasslands, or fallow lands can offer an ecological stability with significant socioeconomical support. This volume is the first of its kind on this important topic. The volume will be valuable for faculty and students, cultivators, researchers, rubber board officials, and many others. It will also aid in policy formulation at the scientific community level for those who are working on climate change adaptation and mitigation aspects”-- Provided by publisher. Identifiers: LCCN 2019026709 (print) | LCCN 2019026710 (ebook) | ISBN 9781771887830 (hardback) | ISBN 9780429023491 (ebook) Subjects: LCSH: Rubber plantations--Environmental aspects. | Carbon dioxide--Environmental aspects. | Carbon dioxide mitigation Classification: LCC HD9161.A2 N38 2019 (print) | LCC HD9161.A2 (ebook) | DDC 633.8/9520286--dc23 LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2019026709 LC ebook record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2019026710 Apple Academic Press also publishes its books in a variety of electronic formats. Some content that appears in print may not be available in electronic format. For information about Apple Academic Press products, visit our website at www.appleacademicpress. com and the CRC Press website at www.crcpress.com About the Authors Arun Jyoti Nath, PhD Arun Jyoti Nath is Assistant Professor in the Department of Ecology and Environmental Science, Assam University, Silchar, Assam, India. He is an ecologist with diverse experience in research and teaching. His research focuses on biocarbon sequestration. Dr. Nath has obtained advanced training on carbon sequestration research from the Institute of Botany and Ecophysiology, Szent Istvan University, Godollo, Hungary; the National Bureau of Soil Science and Land Use Planning, Nagpur, India; and the Carbon Management and Sequestration Center, Ohio State University, USA. Dr. Nath is an academic editor for the journal PLOS ONE. Biplab Brahma, PhD Biplab Brahma is a senior research scholar in the Department of Ecology and Environmental Science, Assam University, Silchar, Assam, India. His research interests include ecosystem carbon management in terrestrial ecosystems. Ashesh Kumar Das, PhD Ashesh Kumar Das is Professor in the Department of Ecology and Envi- ronmental Science, Assam University, Silchar, Assam, India. His research interests include tree diversity and ecology, carbon management in forest and agricultural ecosystem, and soil ecology. Prof. Das has published more than 120 research papers in leading national and international journals. Contents Abbreviations .......................................................................................................ix Preface .................................................................................................................xi 1. General Introduction ..................................................................................1 2. Biomass Models and Biomass Carbon Stocks ........................................19 3. Potential Loss of Biomass Carbon ...........................................................43 4. Impact of Land Use Changes on Soil Organic Carbon .........................61 5. Ecosystem Carbon Sequestration ............................................................83 6. Soil Carbon Sequestration .....................................................................107 7 Fine Root Dynamics and Carbon Management ...................................121 8. Conclusions and Recommendations ......................................................143 Index .................................................................................................................147 Abbreviations AC active carbon AGB aboveground biomass AIC Akaike information criterion Arp Areca (Areca catechu) plantation BD bulk density BGB belowground biomass CDM clean development mechanism CGS combating greenhouse gas CI confidence intervals CL confidence limits DBH diameter at breast height DF disturbed forest DW dry weight ELRBP estimated live root biomass production FRP fine root production GHG greenhouse gas HSD honestly significant difference IG Imperata grassland KP Kyoto Protocol LC labile C LLC less-labile C LUC land use change MAPE mean absolute percentage error MODR monthly observed dead root biomass MOLR monthly observed live root biomass MRT mean residence time NEI northeast India NF natural forest NLC non-labile C PB pan (Piper betle) jhum (slash and mulching) agroforestry PC passive carbon PDW part dry weight RDW root dry weight
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