This page intentionally left blank Royalists and Royalism during the English Civil Wars MuchinkhasbeenspentonaccountsoftheEnglishCivilWarsofthe mid-seventeenthcentury,yetroyalismhasbeenlargelyneglected.This pioneeringvolumeofessaysbyleadingscholarsinthefieldseekstofill thatsignificantgapinourunderstandingbyfocusingonthosewhotook up arms for the king. The royalists described were not reactionary, absolutist extremists but pragmatic, moderate men who were not so differentintemperamentorbackgroundfromthevastmajorityofthose whodecidedtosidewith,orwereforcedbycircumstancestosidewith, Parliament and its army. The chapters force us to think beyond the simplisticdichotomybetweenroyalist(cid:2)absolutists(cid:3)and(cid:2)constitutional- ists(cid:3), and suggest instead that allegiances were much more fluid and contingentthanhashithertobeenrecognized. Thisisamajorcontri- butiontothepoliticalandintellectualhistoryoftheCivilWarsandof earlymodernEnglandmoregenerally. JasonMcElligottistheJ.P.R.LyellResearchFellowintheHistoryof theEarly-ModernPrintedBookatMertonCollege,Oxford.Heisthe author of Royalism, Print and Censorship in Revolutionary England (2007)andtheeditorofFear,ExclusionandRevolution:RogerMorrice andBritaininthe1680s(2006). DavidL.SmithisFellowandDirectorofStudiesinHistoryatSelwyn College, Cambridge. His previous publications include Cromwell and the Interregnum(2003) and,with Graham E. Seel,Crown and Parlia- ments,1558–1689(2001). Royalists and Royalism during the English Civil Wars Editedby Jason McElligott MertonCollege,Oxford and David L. Smith SelwynCollege,Cambridge CAMBRIDGEUNIVERSITYPRESS Cambridge, New York, Melbourne, Madrid, Cape Town, Singapore, São Paulo Cambridge University Press The Edinburgh Building, Cambridge CB28RU, UK Published in the United States of America by Cambridge University Press, New York www.cambridge.org Information on this title: www.cambridge.org/9780521870078 © Cambridge University Press 2007 This publication is in copyright. Subject to statutory exception and to the provision of relevant collective licensing agreements, no reproduction of any part may take place without the written permission of Cambridge University Press. First published in print format 2007 ISBN-13 978-0-511-34145-8 eBook (EBL) ISBN-10 0-511-34145-8 eBook (EBL) ISBN-13 978-0-521-87007-8 hardback ISBN-10 0-521-87007-0 hardback Cambridge University Press has no responsibility for the persistence or accuracy of urls for external or third-party internet websites referred to in this publication, and does not guarantee that any content on such websites is, or will remain, accurate or appropriate. In Memory of Lawrence George Smith (1918–2006) Contents Noteson contributors ix Preface xi Abbreviations xiii 1 Introduction: rethinking royalists and royalism Jason McElligott andDavid L. Smith 1 2 A lessonin loyalty: CharlesIand the ShortParliament Mark A. Kishlansky 16 3 The Court andtheemergence ofa royalist party Malcolm Smuts 43 4 Varieties of royalism Barbara Donagan 66 5 Royalist reputations: theCavalier ideal and thereality Ian Roy 89 6 Counsel andcabal inthe king(cid:3)sparty, 1642–1646 David Scott 112 7 (cid:2)Idoedesire tobe rightly vnderstood(cid:3):rhetorical strategies in theletters ofCharles I Sarah Poynting 136 8 Royalists and theNewModel Army in1647: circumstance, principle andcompromise Rachel Foxley 155 9 The royalist origins ofthe separation of powers Michael Mendle 175 vii viii Contents 10 (cid:2)ANo-King, or aNew(cid:3).Royalistsand thesuccession, 1648–1649 Sean Kelsey 192 11 The royalism of AndrewMarvell Blair Worden 214 Subject Index 239 Author Index 250
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