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Routledge History of World Philosophies Volume 2 Routledge History of World Philosophies Since the publication of the first volumes in 1993, the prestigious Routledge History of Philosophy, edited by G.H.R.Parkinson and S.G.Shanker, has established itself as the most comprehensive chronological survey of Western philosophy available. It discusses the most important philosophical movements from the sixth century BC up to the present day. All the major figures in Western philosophy are covered in detail in these volumes. The philosophers are clearly situated within the cultural and scientific context of their time. Within the main corpus of the Routledge History of Philosophy, the Jewish and Islamic traditions are discussed in the context of Western philosophy, with which they are inextricably linked. The History of Islamic Philosophy and the History of Jewish Philosophy are designed to supplement the core volumes by dealing specifically with these two philosophical traditions; they provide extensive analysis of the most significant thinkers and concepts. In keeping with the rest of the series, each volume has a comprehensive index and bibliographies, and includes chapters by some of the most influential scholars in the field. They form the first volumes of a new series, Routledge History of World Philosophies. Routledge History of World Philosophies Volume 2 History of Jewish Philosophy EDITED BY Daniel H.Frank and Oliver Leaman London and New York First published 1997 by Routledge 11 New Fetter Lane, London EC4P 4EE This edition published in the Taylor & Francis e-Library, 2005. “ To purchase your own copy of this or any of Taylor & Francis or Routledge’s collection of thousands of eBooks please go to http://www.ebookstore.tandf.co.uk/.” Simultaneously published in the USA and Canada by Routledge 29 West 35th Street, New York, NY 10001 Selection and editorial matter © 1997 Daniel H.Frank and Oliver Leaman Individual chapters © 1997 the contributors All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilized in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers. British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data A catalogue record for this book has been requested ISBN 0-203-98310-6 Master e-book ISBN ISBN 0-415-08064-9 (Print Edition) Contents Notes on contributors viii Preface x 1 What is Jewish philosophy? 1 Daniel H.Frank I Foundations and first principles 2 The Bible as a source for philosophical reflection 10 Shalom Carmy and David Shatz 3 Hellenistic Jewish philosophy 30 David Winston 4 The Talmud as a source for philosophical reflection 49 David Novak II Medieval Jewish philosophy 5 The nature of medieval Jewish philosophy 65 Alexander Broadie 6 The Islamic social and cultural context 72 Steven M.Wasserstrom 7 Kal(cid:407)m in medieval Jewish philosophy 91 Haggai Ben-Shammai 8 Medieval Jewish Neoplatonism 118 T.M.Rudavsky 9 Judah Halevi 149 Lenn E.Goodman 10 Medieval Jewish Aristotelianism: an introduction 182 Norbert M.Samuelson 11 Moses Maimonides 195 Howard Kreisel 12 Maimonides and Aquinas 224 Alexander Broadie 13 The social and cultural context: thirteenth to fifteenth centuries 235 Marc Saperstein 14 The Maimonidean controversy 275 Idit Dobbs-Weinstein 15 Hebrew philosophy in the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries: an overview 292 Charles H.Manekin 16 Levi ben Gershom (Gersonides) 319 Seymour Feldman 17 Chasdai Crescas 336 Daniel J.Lasker 18 Medieval and Renaissance Jewish political philosophy 352 Abraham Melamed 19 Jewish mysticism: a philosophical overview 389 Elliot R.Wolfson 20 Jewish philosophy on the eve of modernity 438 Hava Tirosh-Rothschild III Modern Jewish philosophy 21 The nature of modern Jewish philosophy 515 Ze’ev Levy 22 The social and cultural context: seventeenth-century Europe 526 Elisheva Carlebach 23 The Jewish community of Amsterdam 536 Richard H.Popkin 24 Spinoza 546 Seymour Feldman 25 The social and cultural context: eighteenth-century Enlightenment 566 Lois C.Dubin 26 Mendelssohn 588 Michael L.Morgan 27 Nineteenth-century German Reform philosophy 608 Mordecai Finley 28 The ideology of Wissenschaft des Judentums 629 David N.Myers 29 Samson Raphael Hirsch 642 Harry Lesser 30 Traditional reactions to modern Jewish Reform: the paradigm of German 651 Orthodoxy David Ellenson IV Contemporary Jewish philosophy 31 Jewish nationalism 675 Ze’ev Levy 32 Zionism 689 Ze’ev Levy 33 Jewish neo-Kantianism: Hermann Cohen 698 Kenneth Seeskin 34 Jewish existentialism: Rosenzweig, Buber, and Soloveitchik 709 Oliver Leaman 35 Leo Strauss 727 Kenneth Hart Green 36 The Shoah 758 Steven T.Katz 37 Postmodern Jewish philosophy 777 Richard A.Cohen 38 Jewish feminist thought 785 Judith Plaskow 39 The future of Jewish philosophy 794 Oliver Leaman Index of names 804 Index of terms 838 Contributors Haggai Ben-Shammai, Department of Arabic Language and Literature, Hebrew University of Jerusalem Alexander Broadie, Department of Philosophy, University of Glasgow Elisheva Carlebach, Department of History, Queens College, City University of New York Shalom Carmy, Department of Judaic Studies, Yeshiva University Richard A.Cohen, Department of Religious Studies, University of North Carolina at Charlotte Idit Dobbs-Weinstein, Department of Philosophy, Vanderbilt University Lois C.Dubin, Department of Religion and Biblical Literature, Smith College David Ellenson, Hebrew Union College-Jewish Institute of Religion, Los Angeles, California Seymour Feldman, Department of Philosophy, Rutgers University Mordecai Finley, Hebrew Union College-Jewish Institute of Religion, Los Angeles, California Daniel H.Frank, Department of Philosophy, University of Kentucky Lenn E.Goodman, Department of Philosophy, Vanderbilt University Kenneth Hart Green, Department for the Study of Religion, University of Toronto Steven T.Katz, Center for Judaic Studies, Boston University Howard Kreisel, Department of History, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev Daniel J.Lasker, Department of History, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev Oliver Leaman, Department of Philosophy, Liverpool John Moores University Harry Lesser, Department of Philosophy, Victoria University of Manchester Ze’ev Levy, Department of Jewish History and Thought, University of Haifa Charles H.Manekin, Department of Philosophy, University of Maryland at College Park Abraham Melamed, Department of Jewish History and Thought, University of Haifa Michael L.Morgan, Department of Philosophy, Indiana University David N.Myers, Department of History, University of California at Los Angeles David Novak, Department for the Study of Religion, University of Toronto Judith Plaskow, Department of Religious Studies, Manhattan College Richard H.Popkin, Department of Philosophy, Washington University; Departments of History and Philosophy, University of California at Los Angeles T.M.Rudavsky, Department of Philosophy, Ohio State University Norbert M.Samuelson, Department of Religion, Temple University Marc Saperstein, Department of History, Washington University Kenneth Seeskin, Department of Philosophy, Northwestern University David Shatz, Department of Philosophy, Yeshiva University Hava Tirosh-Rothschild, Department of Religious Studies, Indiana University Steven M.Wasserstrom, Department of Religion, Reed College