Routledge Handbook of Religion and Politics (Routledge International Handbooks)

445 Pages·2008·3.19 MB·English

by  Jeff Haynes

Routledge Handbook of
Religion and Politics
From the United States to the Middle East,Asia and Africa, religion has become an
increasingly important factor in political activity and organisation.This Handbook pro-
vides a definitive global survey of the interaction of religion and politics.
Featuring contributions from an international team of experts,it examines the political
aspects of all the world’s major religions,including such crucial contemporary issues as
religious fundamentalism, terrorism, the war on terror, the ‘clash of civilisations’ and
science and religion.
Four main themes addressed include:
■ The World Religions and Politics
■ Religion and Governance
■ Religion and International Relations
■ Religion,Security and Development
Bibliographies at the end of each chapter guide the reader towards the most up-to-date
references on various topics.In addition,large amounts of information make this book an
indispensable text for students,academics and the wider public interested in the dynamic
relationship between politics and religion.
Jeffrey Haynesis Professor of Politics at London Metropolitan University,UK.He is the
author of 17 previous books and over 100 journal articles and chapters in edited volumes.
Contributors: John Anderson, Michael D. Barr, Steve Bruce, James Chiriyankandath,
Gerard Clarke, Adam Dolnik, Jonathan Fox, Paul Freston, Peter Friedlander, Rohan
Gunaratna, Jeffrey Haynes, David Herbert, Allen D. Hertzke, Atsuhiro Katano, John
Madeley, Payam Mohseni,Andrea Mura, Mohammad Nafissi, Brenda O’Neill,Thorleif
Pettersson,Shmuel Sandler,Giorgio Shani,Andrea Teti,Noah J.Toly,David Wessels and
Clyde Wilcox.
Politics/Religion>

Routledge Handbook of
Religion and Politics
Edited by
Jeffrey Haynes
First published 2009
by Routledge
2 Park Square,Milton Park,Abingdon,Oxon,OX14 4RN
Simultaneously published in the USA and Canada
by Routledge
270 Madison Avenue,New York,NY 10016
Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business
This edition published in the Taylor & Francis e-Library, 2008.
“To purchase your own copy of this or any of Taylor & Francis or Routledge’s
collection of thousands of eBooks please go to www.eBookstore.tandf.co.uk.”
© 2009 Editorial selection and matter,Jeff Haynes;individual chapters,the contributors
All rights reserved.No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilised in
any form or by any electronic,mechanical,or other means,now known or hereafter
invented,including photocopying and recording,or in any information storage or
retrieval system,without permission in writing from the publishers.
British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data
A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library
Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data
Routledge handbook of religion and politics / edited by Jeff Haynes.
p. cm.
1. Religion and politics. I. Haynes, Jeffrey.
BL65.P7R78 2008
322′.109—dc22 2008012961
ISBN 0-203-89054-X Master e-book ISBN
ISBN 10: 0-415-41455-5 (hbk)
ISBN 10: 0-203-89054-x (ebk)
ISBN 13: 978-0-415-41455-5 (hbk)
ISBN 13: 978-0-203-89054-7 (ebk)
Contents
List of figures viii
List of tables ix
List of contributors xi
1 Introduction 1
Jeffrey Haynes
Part I: The world religions and politics 9
2 Buddhism and politics 11
Peter Friedlander
3 Christianity:protestantism 26
Paul Freston
4 The Catholic Church and Catholicism in global politics 48
Allen D.Hertzke
5 Confucianism,from above and below 64
Michael D.Barr
6 Hinduism 79
James Chiriyankandath
7 Islam and Islamism 92
Andrea Teti and Andrea Mura
8 Shiism and politics 111
Mohammad Nafissi
v
CONTENTS
9 Judaism and the state 128
Shmuel Sandler
Part II: Religion and governance 143
10 Secularisation and politics 145
Steve Bruce
11 Religious fundamentalisms 159
Jeffrey Haynes
12 Religion and the state 174
John Madeley
13 Does God matter,and if so whose God? Religion and democratisation 192
John Anderson
14 Religion and political parties 211
Payam Mohseni and Clyde Wilcox
15 Religion and civil society 231
David Herbert
16 Religious commitment and socio-political orientations:
Different patterns of compartmentalisation among Muslims and Christians? 246
Thorleif Pettersson
Part III: Religion and international relations 271
17 Integrating religion into international relations theory 273
Jonathan Fox
18 Religion and foreign policy 293
Jeffrey Haynes
19 Transnational religious actors and international relations 308
Giorgio Shani
20 Religion and globalization 323
David Wessels
Part IV: Religion,security and development 341
21 On the nature of religious terrorism 343
Adam Dolnik and Rohan Gunaratna
vi
CONTENTS
22 Conflict prevention and peacebuilding 351
Atsuhiro Katano
23 Religion and women:Canadian women’s religious volunteering:
compassion,connections and comparisons 366
Brenda O’Neill
24 Religion and international development 385
Gerard Clarke
25 Changing the climate of religious internationalism:
evangelical responses to global warming and human suffering 403
Noah J.Toly
Index 419
vii
Figures
7.1 Practices 93
16.1 Results of a confirmatory analysis of four indicators for religious
and political involvement 254
16.2 Religious and political involvement in four groups of countries 255
16.3 Results of a confirmatory analysis of four indicators of views on
democracy and the relationship between religion and politics in
four groups of Islamic and Western countries 255
16.4 Critical views on democracy and preferences for a religious impact
on politics in four groups of countries 256
16.5 Results of a confirmatory factor analysis of four indicators of
bio-ethical and socio-economic morality in four groups of Islamic
and Western countries 258
16.6 Socio-economic and bio-ethical morality in four groups of countries 259
16.7 Results of a confirmatory analysis of four indicators of emancipative
values and gender roles in four groups of Islamic and Western countries 260
16.8 Emancipative values and preferences for gender equality in four groups
of countries 261
16.9 Results from a confirmatory factor analysis of four indicators towards
a centralised vertical power within the UN system 262
16.10 Differences in preferences (factor scores) for a centralised vertical
power within the UN system 263
22.1 The time dimension in peacebuilding 359
22.2 The web of reconciliation 363
viii
Tables
2.1 The largest Buddhist communities 16
12.1 The religiosity of states in Europe (de jure),1900–2000 180
12.2 State–religion regimes in 2002,by historically dominant confession 186
12.3 Government involvement in religion scores in 2002,by region 187
13.1 Religions and freedom 202
14.1 Major dimensions on religion and political parties in five sample cases 217
16.1 Results from four multiple-regression analyses with critical views
on democracy as dependent variable,and religious and political
involvement and four SES variables as independent 257
16.2 Results from four multiple-regression analyses with preferences for
a religious impact on politics as dependent variable,and religious
and political involvement and four SES variables as independent 257
16.3 Results from four multiple-regression analyses with strict bio-ethical
morality as dependent variable,and religious and political involvement
and four SES variables as independent 259
16.4 Results from four multiple-regression analyses with strict socio-economic
morality as dependent variable,and religious and political involvement
and four SES variables as independent 260
16.5 Results from four multiple-regression analyses with emancipative
values as dependent variable,and religious and political involvement
and four SES variables as independent 261
16.6 Results from four multiple-regression analyses with preferences for
gender equality as dependent variable,and religious and political
involvement and four SES variables as independent 262
16.7 Results from three multiple-regression analyses with preferences for
a centralised vertical power within the UN system as dependent variable,
and religious and political involvement and four SES variables as
independent 263
18.1 Religion and foreign policy in the United States 298
20.1 Global politics and particular religions:convergence and divergence 336
ix