Routledge Encyclopedia of Religious Rites, Rituals and Festivals (Religion and Society) PDF
Preview Routledge Encyclopedia of Religious Rites, Rituals and Festivals (Religion and Society)
RT1806_C00.qxd 4/23/2004 2:13 PM Page i e n c y c l o p e d i a o f religious rites, rituals, and festivals RT1806_C00.qxd 4/23/2004 2:13 PM Page ii ROUTLEDGE ENCYCLOPEDIAS OF RELIGION AND SOCIETY David Levinson,Series Editor The Encyclopedia of Millennialism and Millennial Movements Richard A.Landes,Editor The Encyclopedia of African and African-American Religions Stephen D.Glazier,Editor The Encyclopedia of Fundamentalism Brenda E.Brasher,Editor The Encyclopedia of Religious Freedom Catharine Cookson,Editor The Encyclopedia of Religion and War Gabriel Palmer-Fernandez,Editor The Encyclopedia of Religious Rites,Rituals,and Festivals Frank A.Salamone,Editor RT1806_C00.qxd 4/23/2004 2:13 PM Page iii e n c y c l o p e d i a o f religious rites, rituals, and festivals Frank A. Salamone, Editor Religion & Society A Berkshire Reference Work R O U T L E D G E New York London RT1806_C00.qxd 4/23/2004 2:13 PM Page iv Published in 2004 by Routledge 29 West 35thStreet New York,NY 10001 www.routledge-ny.com Published in Great Britain by Routledge 11 New Fetter Lane London EC4P 4EE www.routledge.uk.co A Berkshire Reference Work. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis Group. Copyright © 2004 by Berkshire Publishing Group Printed in the United States of America on acid-free paper. All rights reserved.No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilized in any form or by any electronic, mechanical,or other means,now known or hereafter invented,including photocopying and recording or in any information storage or retrieval system,without permission in writing from the publishers. 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Encyclopedia of religious rites,rituals,and festivals / Frank A. Salamone,editor. p.cm.– (Routledge encyclopedias of religion and society) “A Berkshire Reference work”. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 0-415-94180-6 1. Religions—Encyclopedias.2. Rites and ceremonies— Encyclopedias. I. Salamone,Frank A.II. Series. BL31.E47 2004 2039.8903—dc22 2003020389 RT1806_C00.qxd 4/23/2004 2:13 PM Page v Contents Editorial Advisory Board vii List of Entries ix Introduction xi Entries Ato Z 1 List of Contributors 459 Index 463 v RT1806_C00.qxd 4/23/2004 2:13 PM Page vi RT1806_C00.qxd 4/23/2004 2:13 PM Page vii Editorial Advisory Board General Editor Frank A. Salamone Department of Anthropology, Iona College Associate Editors Nikki Bado-Fralick Department of Religious Studies, Iowa State University Sabina Magliocco Department of Anthropology, California State University, Northridge Dan Smith Department of History, Iona College Berkshire Publishing Group Staff David Levinson Series Editor Elizabeth Eno Project Coordinator Marcy Ross Associate Editor Francesca Forrest Mike Nichols Stephen Sanborn Mark Siemens Copy Editors RT1806_C00.qxd 4/23/2004 2:13 PM Page viii RT1806_C00.qxd 4/23/2004 2:13 PM Page ix List of Entries Academic Rituals 1 Evil Eye 131 Africa, Central 5 Exorcism 132 Africa, West 9 Food and Rituals 139 African-American Churches 13 Gender Rituals 145 Afro-Brazilian 18 Glossolalia 150 Afro-Caribbean 22 Greco-Roman 151 Agricultural Rituals 26 Haircutting Rituals 157 Altered States of Consciousness 30 Hajj 159 Asceticism 35 Hanukkah 161 Australian Aboriginal 39 Hawai’i 163 Azande 42 Healing and Rituals 167 Baha’i 47 Hinduism 170 Birth Rituals 48 Humor and Rituals 176 Blood Rituals 53 Hunting Rituals 179 Body and Rituals 57 Iban 185 Buddhism 61 Identity Rituals 187 Calendrical Rituals 67 Inversion, Rites of 192 Camp Meetings 70 Islam 195 Cannibalism 72 Jainism 199 Catholicism 74 Javanese 201 China: Popular Religion 80 Judaism 203 Christmas 85 Kwanzaa 209 Clothing and Rituals 88 Language, Literacy, and Ritual 213 Commemorative Rituals 93 Liminoid 217 Communitas 96 Madagascar 221 Communitas, Rites of 97 Magic 223 Crisis Rituals 101 Mardi Gras 228 Day of the Dead 105 Marriage Rituals 230 Death Rituals 107 Martial Arts 236 Divali 112 Melanesia 237 Divination 114 Micronesia 241 Easter 119 Millennialism 245 Ecstatic Worship 122 Misrecognition and Rituals 249 Epiphany 126 Monastic Communities 252 Eucharistic Rituals 129 Mormons 256 ix
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