Roof Truss Guide - Skat PDF
Preview Roof Truss Guide - Skat
FCR / MCR Toolkit ELEMENT 29 Swiss Centre for Development Cooperation in Technology and Managemant Roof Truss Guide Design and Construction of Standard Timber and Steel Trusses FCR / MCR Toolkit ELEMENT 29 ‘Swiss Centre for Development Cooperation in Technotogy and Management Roof Truss Guide Design and Construction of Standard Timber and Steel Trusses FCR/MCR Toolkit Overview Natia Kit Peornatian Gi Fraduae’ Kit a \ 7 ee wonton atin) (36 Benue Se ne chor Pole Citeraorget, SKAT s ENTEC AB. Swtizolane aller Bier, Holeeaulagen aut, Ser anz Daniel Morales, ISP, Prprnes Developmen Alsmabves, 1ad x eat: Derg Sohwter SKA. Snitzeand son sans00-85-« ‘pyri kar, 1999, Copyright ya'vee Peiascn fo gartod to use the material Hound E13 ‘olure for educations end devlopront eunocse AckrDuledgement freq. ost 1908 ay SkOT Layout kar Comms Visage and any comments coneatning this pubeation 19 SKAT Pavsted be SKAT Su Gene for Develepreent Coppatation In “eennalogy and Manegers-1 creanne Stallen, Sarand fac M4171 22a od a ema hatch hepsteonach Reba hye lenr@siie teemnoogy Pubentona ‘08-165 Southampton Fok Loran WON 42H Ud Prone: H14 474 498 97 6 Fac oid 171 490-20 1 Small cree Sipubs.orguk oot Tose ude Asa 432 439 438 435 Table of Contents INTRODUCTION Objectives of this quide Contents ofthis guide Vallaty of dats PRINCIPLES OF ROOF TRUSS DESIGN What I 9 roof truse? ‘thon to une a roof truss Roof shapes suitable for the truss Loads on tusses ‘ead combinations Truss spacing Structural analysis Roof russ selection step-by-step Stability of the Truss. OPTIONS FOR STATIC SYSTEMS ‘overview ‘Simple supported Truss ‘Threehinged Truss Double-hinged Truss TIMBER TRUSSES Design Considerations. ‘Timber Quality Fixings and Fastenings ‘System Optlons Nai Botts Pins il Patas Plywood gusset plates Root Tse ude Baa 642 Timber Sessoning and Prasorvative Treatment Neil Truss Gensel Deslen Detaiis ‘-aomng {Lateral restain.ag system Manufacturing Eectng Nall Truss Samples ‘Assumpions and Lins af Applicaton Flt eoot nail tis roof nal uss, S m span at roof nal ase, 101m sow Sirgl plich eof nalltuss, Srm san Sirgle pich oof, &m span ‘Single p toh roof nal wuss 16-m pan Double pitch roof nll truss, 6 m span Daoub'e pitch roof nell uss, 8m span Doub ph reof nal wuss, 19m span Bmsan Noll Trusa Sample with Plywoad Guetet Plates Assumptions nnd ints af applicator DDouble Pich Roof Nall Truss with Phywoed Gusest Pato, span Bolted Timber Truss Sample ‘Aecumptions and Limis et App leaton Double Plch Roo, Tight Fiting Bol T-ues, Span 8.9 m WORKED EXAMPLE OF A TIMBER TRUSS The task How t9 proceed (refer to 28 Roof trusa selection step-by-step] STEEL TRUSSES Design Considerations. System Options Materials Fixing and Jointing Welding Bolted wih gusset plates oot Muse ude Flotshoe Angle Ber Truss Gerorat Dosign Bets aracng ‘Angle Bar Truss Somples Assumptions and Limits ot Aplcation fiers, 6m ena Double Pitch Root Single Angle Bars, 8 m span oube Pen Roof, Single Angle Bars, 19 m span Doubs Pitch Root: Singla Angle Bas, 12 m span Sincla Pitch Rect Single Angle Bars. 8m span Single Pitch oot Single Angle Prem, aim span Bingla Fitch Root, Single Angle Bars, 10m pa Flat Roof; SIngle Angle Bers. 6 rm s25n Flat Reof, Single Angle Bars, 8 m s3an Flat Roof; Single Anne Bers, 10.m span Single Fitch Root Single Angle Bars, 12 m sen Double Pitch Roof, Daubla Angle Bas. 14 m span ‘Singlo Pin Roof; Double Angle Bars, Sper 12 m Flat Roof; Doubles Angla Bare, 14 m span ‘Stoo! Tube Trust General Cesigr eras Bracing ‘Steel Tube Truse Samples Assumptions and Lime of Applicator Double koh Reo, Tube Truss, 6m epn Doubla Pitts Rutt, Tube Truss, 8 m span (Double Pitch Reof, Tube Truss, 10-m span Double Fitch Roof, Tube uss, 12% span Singla Pich Root, Tubo Truss, 6 m spar Single Pitch Root, Tube Truss, 8 m epan Singla Pic Fool, use Truss, 10m spar Flat Roof, Tune Truss, 8m span FlatReaf, Tuse Truss, 8 tn span Flat Roof, Taha Truss, 10 m spar Flat Rol, Tube Truss, 12 m eps 849 Reinforcing Bar Truse ar 5.101 General ut 5.102 Design war 6103 Dalal 148 BANA Brecing 48 6.11 Rebar Truss Samples us 841.4 Assumptions and Limits of Apalleaton 139 5411.2 Rebar Jost 200 B98 for 3 m span (¢ 0.5 m) 150 8.11.3 Rebar Jolt 300 B10 for 4 m-pan (0:5) 153 5-14 Rabar Jolt 300 412 for im span (2 DS m) 5.11.9 Jauale Pich Root it m spen} fo Rehar Joists 800 F.LDA 6.1.8 —Dauole Ptah Root (6 m spon} for Rebar Jalsts 300 Bd 08 5.11.7 Deuale Pach Roat[@ m spen} for Rebar Joists 300 B10 187 6.11.8 Feubla Pitch Roat (10 m scan) for Rebar Josts BCC BU 12 a 7 WORKED EXAMPLE STEEL TRUSS 175 71 Thotask 5 72 Howto proceed 18 a ALTERNATIVE ROOF TRUSSES: 7 84 Timber Pele Truss "7 52 Bamboo Truse a a BIBLIOGRAPHY 417 ‘Sample Structural Analysis Dimensions and Design Information of Angle Bara and Tubes Used In this Manual 4 44 12 18 Introduction Objectives of this guide “The roof russ guido intonced te 1 facta the design and carsiveian of root busses + improve the quality aFtressos + recuse desigr and Fabrication costs + achieve more cost ere melarie-afecive rect russes The guide is primaly addressed to oontracters, hulls prectinng angingera and architects consbuelng “oo? slfccutes ‘at pater omphasis on MCR covered built ngs. Contents of this guide Validity of data ‘Fre rol buss gulae provides: 1+ nands-on eduiee on design and constuction of rof russes 1+ eyou! etewinga and constuction fetes for he most common [ber and stool busses + dosigy elas Inthe for of standard detatng shies 4 teforences on more elaborate: roof wuss cesigns ond ‘onetuction expects “The manuat iso: 4+ tart book forthe structural analysis of roof russes 4+ a auide ine for tha production of roof fies and assoc ated issues {producion management, qualty cori) and lst, rmar<aingh For ifnematon om these subjects, pease consul the respoctiva ‘Toot Elements (se8 overview Insite fon cove. ate The Roof Tniss Gulde should be ysed in consultation with tha FER IMCR Toolkit No. 24: Roof Slructure Guide, The manual does at: + folo a porous slendaed of 8 country or regin 1+ gle information 07 pertouler problems af spastic oauntiss {highztiade snow or ayclone Sooding} + ncluda desiga aids and semple russes for orye hanga’s and hala with epanain excess of 15 to 29 m. ‘The materia prasenied in his guido is hasod on gonzral engineering practice Is UF to the reases te exam ne tha valet Df tha propesed design forthe application. ‘The authors of this guide eo ret bear eny responsibil for damage or Fare af roct frusees constructed in consullation oF thie mama. 7 ool tase ule 2 Principles of roof truss design 24 What is # roof truss? A tress is @ strutura wit sralght pieces forming trian support a load, The members of the rianglos ara pi tensien and somprassion but do nat berd under 2 agers or sts 2) Te Garin Upporsto! coat / 9 Pea Zor 2) bean toed Sear pat ‘reer 22 When touse 2 roof truss Foot tusses are cliaaclersed by an economic use of constuction matorials (Cirber, steel Cempcead cf individual lightweight places, a Muss can cls provide considerable advantage in eneport ard ascambly as comparcd (0 onvontonal roo stuctres, On the other Nend, tusses ste mere lataurintensive and raquize econrectlon devices. Howaver, if @ (greater number of enteot russes can be manufactured then Sonsidarable ezchomies of scale c2n ba achiaved the str.cural naight of @ russ is uualy lager than the height of Similar sirsclures using cold beams. For roots, however, this UsuBly no disadvantage as reste rust often - dspnding on “vot ‘covet materiat used - be higher at the ridge and lover atthe eaves fo faciitats roof z-ainage and ensue water ghiness, Comspatars 9° the Truss While the use of ste! “or roof structure almost invaretly salls for a criss, tie with timber arrJeluves wharo the truss has Stor ‘orrpettors, These are the purin and the rater rect ‘Tre putin oot Tre raher root rr cane ater ‘The purin roof consists of hota raters and purins, Tha lage put Is supported by posts. The rafters act as simple suppcvted beams betveen the puns, ether wi or witout cantilever pana ‘Static system of puri a0 ‘The rata cor ocglrates ftom tert consist. R-carsls of te afters and ati beam, which form a tlangle, Tha simplest form of te rater ref Is thus (denteal wit the basic element of He ts. ‘Slifnoee 2° the raters can ba incraased with ccllar beam ne the ridge, A bevel shoulder tradfionalyy made ire conection between the raters and tha fe bam. This had tye disadvantage thatthe slope ofthe root was not uniform but became Nate atthe rater foot to accommadata the bevel shoulder Today, stael Connectors ate offen Used and root slopes vera urifarm, he ‘tere can also rest on 2 conera:e slab, which then replaces the Je hea. cater State system “afer toot ¥ ‘The folowing table presents the mein features, and che sree and sons of the three besiz design options fof root sinzcutes. lean assist designers In selecting the most appropriate root structure far a spacite apploation Note. large hangers and halls are ret considered
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