(ROE) Handbook for Judge Advocates.

536 Pages·2000·2 MB·English

RULES
OF
ENGAGEMENT
(ROE)
HANDBOOK
FOR
JUDGE
ADVOCATES
1 MAY 2000
CENTER FOR LAW AND MILITARY OPERATIONS
(CLAMO)
600 MASSIE ROAD
CHARLOTTESVILLE, VIRGINIA 22903-1781
[email protected]
[email protected]
WWW.JAGCNET.ARMY.MIL/CLAMO
Director
COL David E. Graham
Deputy Director
LTC Sharon E. Riley
Director, Domestic Operational Law
LTC Gordon W. Schukei
Director, Training & Support
MAJ Tyler L. Randolph
Marine Representative
MAJOR William H. Ferrell, USMC
Automation Technician
Mr. Ben R. Morgan
Training Centers
LTC William (Renn) Gade (BCTP)1
CPT Matthew P. Ruzicka (BCTP)
CPT Eric T. Jensen (CMTC)2
MAJ Paul S. Wilson (JRTC)3
CPT Mark A. Blevins (JRTC)
CPT Rodney R. LeMay (JRTC)
SSG Roderick (Rod) Celestaine (JRTC)
CPT Nicholas S. King (NTC) 4
CPT Stephen L. Harms (NTC)
Contact the Center
Visit the CLAMO web page and databases via the JAG Corps home page at
www.jagcnet.army.mil/clamo. E-mail [email protected] or
[email protected] , call or write to request or submit materials. The
Center invites contributions of operational law materials, ideas from the field, and
comments about its products. You may send documents directly to the Center.
1Battle Command Training Program (BCTP), Fort Leavenworth, KS
[email protected]
[email protected]
2Combat Maneuver Training Center (CMTC), Hohenfels, GE
[email protected]
3Joint Readiness Training Center (JRTC), Fort Polk, LA
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
4National Training Center (NTC), Fort Irwin, CA
[email protected]
[email protected]
R E
ULES OF NGAGEMENT
( R O E )
H
ANDBOOK
FOR
J A
UDGE DVOCATES
1 MAY 2000

PREFACE
The Rules of Engagement (ROE) Handbook is a product of
the Center for Law and Military Operations (CLAMO). It is
designed to assist operational lawyers in planning and
conducting comprehensive ROE training programs for their
affiliated units. The contents of this book are based on
lessons learned by judge advocates and on examples and
training vignettes used successfully in the field. All ROE
training programs must be tailored to the particular unit's
mission. Vignette solutions must be based on the mission-
specific ROE applicable to the unit.
The information in this Handbook pertains to rules
of engagement in foreign operations, not to use of force in
domestic operations. The information contained in this
handbook is not doctrine (with the exception of footnoted
doctrinal material regarding the military decision-making
process). There is little US Army or US Marine Corps
doctrine on how to train ROE at this time. However, one
source Judge Advocates should consult is Department of the
Army Field Manual (FM) 27-100, Legal Support to Operations.
This Handbook also does not represent the official
position of the US Army, the US Marine Corps, the Office of
the Judge Advocate General, the Staff Judge Advocate to the
Commandant of the Marine Corps, or the Judge Advocate
General's School. The information and samples provided in
this book are advisory only.
This is the first ROE Handbook produced by the Center.
It was produced in response to frequent requests for ROE
vignettes that could be used in ROE briefings or tailored
to CTT and STX events. Publication of this book would not
have been possible without the creativity and tireless
efforts of countless judge advocates, who train soldiers,
Marines, units, and commanders on ROE every day. This book
is a compilation of their ideas and experience.
The Center welcomes your suggestions, comments, and
work products for incorporation into the next edition of
the ROE Handbook. You may contact us at (804) 972-
6448/6339, via email, at [email protected] or CLAMO@hqda-
s.army.smil.mil, or at 600 Massie Road, Charlottesville,
Virginia 22902-1781.
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
ROE DEVELOPMENT.................................................................................................1-1
1. ROE DEVELOPMENT.................................................................................................1-1
2. THE JOINT PLANNING PROCESS.................................................................................1-3
a. Joint Planning......................................................................................................1-3
(1) Campaign Planning....................................................................................................1-3
(2) Deliberate Planning...................................................................................................1-3
(3) Crisis Action Planning...............................................................................................1-4
b. The Joint Planning Group....................................................................................1-6
c. Staff and JA Roles and Actions.............................................................................1-7
(1) Mission Analysis.......................................................................................................1-7
(2) Planning Guidance.....................................................................................................1-8
(3) Course of Action (COA) Development.....................................................................1-8
(4) COA Analysis............................................................................................................1-9
(5) COA Comparison......................................................................................................1-9
(6) COA Selection.........................................................................................................1-10
(7) Order Preparation....................................................................................................1-10
3. THE MARINE CORPS PLANNING PROCESS...............................................................1-12
a. Marine Corps Planning: The MCPP.................................................................1-12
b. Staff and JA Roles and Actions..........................................................................1-14
(1) Mission Analysis.....................................................................................................1-14
(2) Course of Action (COA) Development...................................................................1-15
(3) COA War Game......................................................................................................1-16
(4) COA Comparison and Decision..............................................................................1-17
(5) Orders Development................................................................................................1-17
(6) Transition.................................................................................................................1-18
4. THE ARMY’S MILITARY DECISION-MAKING PROCESS............................................1-20
a. Army Planning: The MDMP..............................................................................1-20
b. Staff and JA Roles and Actions..........................................................................1-22
(1) Receipt of Mission...................................................................................................1-22
(2) Mission Analysis.....................................................................................................1-23
(3) Course Of Action (COA) Development..................................................................1-24
(4) COA Analysis (War Game).....................................................................................1-25
(5) COA Comparison....................................................................................................1-26
(6) Commander’s Decision Briefing.............................................................................1-27
(7) COA Approval.........................................................................................................1-27
(8) Orders Production....................................................................................................1-28
c. The MDMP in a Time Constrained Environment...............................................1-29
5. THE ROE PLANNING CELL......................................................................................1-31
6. REMEMBER THE INHERENT RIGHT OF SELF-DEFENSE.............................................1-32
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ROE TRAINING............................................................................................................2-1
1. INTRODUCTION..........................................................................................................2-1
2. GENERAL ROE TRAINING.........................................................................................2-2
a. Principles.............................................................................................................2-2
b. Tactics, Techniques and Procedures (TTPs)........................................................2-4
(1) R-A-M-P....................................................................................................................2-4
(2) V-E-W-P-R-I-K and the 5 S’s...................................................................................2-6
(3) Hand S-A-L-U-T-E....................................................................................................2-7
(4) Warn ‘Em, Scare ‘Em, Force ‘Em.............................................................................2-8
(5) Vignette and Common Task Training (CTT)............................................................2-8
(6) Situational Training Exercise (STX) Training..........................................................2-9
(7) Leader/Commander Training..................................................................................2-10
3. MISSION-SPECIFIC ROE TRAINING.........................................................................2-10
4. NATO AND MULTINATIONAL ROE........................................................................2-11
5. CONCLUSION...........................................................................................................2-12
ROE “MINEFIELDS”...................................................................................................3-1
1. INTRODUCTION..........................................................................................................3-1
2. RIOT CONTROL AGENTS............................................................................................3-2
a. Discussion of Riot Control Agents (RCAs)..........................................................3-2
b. When can RCAs be used?.....................................................................................3-4
(1) War and Armed Conflict..........................................................................................3-4
(2) Peacetime and Operations Other Than War (OOTW)..............................................3-5
c. How should troops be trained with RCAs?..........................................................3-6
3. OTHER NON-LETHAL WEAPONS (NLWS).................................................................3-8
a. Discussion of NLWs.............................................................................................3-8
b. When can NLWs be used?..................................................................................3-10
c. How should troops be trained with NLWs?........................................................3-12
4. LAND MINES............................................................................................................3-15
a. The Law..............................................................................................................3-15
(1) Convention on Conventional Weapons (UNCCW).................................................3-15
(2) Amended Protocol II to the UNCCW......................................................................3-16
(3) Ottawa Convention..................................................................................................3-18
b. US Policy............................................................................................................3-18
5. CIVIL DISORDER......................................................................................................3-20
6. PROTECTED PERSONS AND PROPERTY.....................................................................3-21
7. ROE VERSUS LOW, FIRE CONTROL MEASURES, AND TACTICS.............................3-22
8. ROE IN CONTEXT...................................................................................................3-22
9. KNOWLEDGE OF WEAPONS.....................................................................................3-23
10. “OBSERVED” AND “UNOBSERVED” FIRES.............................................................3-23
a. Introduction........................................................................................................3-23
b. What is “Observed” – Who or what can “observe”?....................................... 3-23
c. An Alternative?: “Clearly Identified”................................................................3-24
d. Time: “Stale” Targets........................................................................................3-25
11. THE INHERENT RIGHT OF SELF-DEFENSE..............................................................3-25
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APPENDIX A: JCS SROE (UNCLASSIFIED).........................................................A-1
APPENDIX B: SAMPLE ROE ANNEXES..................................................................B
ANNEX F (RULES OF ENGAGEMENT) TO XVIII AIRBORNE CORPS FSOP................B-1-1
82D AIRBORNE DIVISION WARFIGHTER EXERCISE ROE...........................................B-2-1
1ST INFANTRY DIVISION ROE ANNEX TEMPLATE....................................................B-3-1
1ST INFANTRY DIVISION EXERCISE ROE..................................................................B-4-1
1ST ARMORED DIVISION HIGH INTENSITY CONFLICT EXERCISE ROE.......................B-5-1
1ST ARMORED DIVISION EXERCISE ROE..................................................................B-6-1
1ST CAVALRY DIVISION STANDING ROE (6 APR 98)..............................................B-7-1
101ST AIRBORNE (AIR ASSAULT) DIVISION MINI-EXERCISE ROE...........................B-8-1
26TH MEU(SOC) STANDING OPERATIONS ORDER ROE ANNEX.............................B-9-1
JTF-160 (OPERATION SEA SIGNAL) ROE ANNEX..................................................B-10-1
OPERATION PROVIDE COMFORT ROE ANNEX........................................................B-11-1
SAMPLE ROE AUTHORIZATION SERIAL..................................................................B-12-1
MULTINATIONAL FORCE OBSERVER MISSION ROE (SINAI)...................................B-13-1
BOSNIA—UNPROFOR ROE (PRE-DAYTON PEACE ACCORD ROE).....................B-14-1
NTC SAMPLE TRAINING ROE: ANNEX E (RULES OF ENGAGEMENT (ROE)) TO
52 ID (M) OPLAN 99-09-01.................................................................................B-15-1
JRTC SAMPLE TRAINING ROE: ANNEX E (RULES OF ENGAGEMENT) TO
OPERATION ORDER 00----21ST ID (L)..............................................................B-16-1
APPENDIX C: SAMPLE ROE CARDS....................................................................C-1
SHINING HOPE-ALBANIA.............................................................................................C-2
OPERATION ALLIED HARBOR......................................................................................C-4
OPERATION ALLIED HARBOR......................................................................................C-6
BOSNIA—IFOR...........................................................................................................C-8
BOSNIA—SFOR........................................................................................................C-10
BOSNIA—OPERATION JOINT FORGE..........................................................................C-12
OPERATION ALLIED FORCE: CSAR/TRAP ROE FOR AIRCREW...............................C-14
OPERATION ALLIED FORCE: CSAR/TRAP................................................................C-16
DESERT SHIELD (PEACETIME)....................................................................................C-18
DESERT STORM..........................................................................................................C-19
SPECIAL OPERATIONS ROE FOR OPERATIONS IN IRAQ..............................................C-20
HAITI-NEO OR EMBASSY REINFORCEMENT..............................................................C-21
HAITI-SOLDIER CARD FOR NONPERMISSIVE ENTRY (VERSION 1).............................C-22
HAITI-SOLDIER CARD FOR NONPERMISSIVE ENTRY (VERSION 2).............................C-24
HAITI—COMBINED JTF HAITI ROE CARD 1.............................................................C-26
HAITI—COMBINED JTF HAITI ROE CARD 2: PEACETIME ROE IN EFFECT DURING
CIVIL MILITARY OPERATIONS...................................................................................C-27
HAITI—PEACETIME ROE IN EFFECT UNTIL H-2.......................................................C-29
HAITI—ROE DURING CMO EFFECTIVE BEGINNING PHASE III................................C-30
HAITI—AIR ROE......................................................................................................C-31
OPERATION JOINT ENDEAVOR—HUNGARY...............................................................C-33
JOINT TASK FORCE L.A.............................................................................................C-34
PACIFIC HAVEN.........................................................................................................C-36
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JTF PROMPT RETURN................................................................................................C-38
KOSOVO: TASK FORCE HAWK ROE CARD................................................................C-40
KOSOVO—KFOR ROE SOLDIER’S CARD.................................................................C-42
KOSOVO—MEU SUPPLEMENTAL CARD...................................................................C-44
MEU ROE TRAINING CARD.....................................................................................C-45
OPERATION PROVIDE COMFORT................................................................................C-46
SHINING HOPE NATO/AFOR ROE...........................................................................C-48
GENERIC FORCED ENTRY ROE CARD.......................................................................C-50
SOMALIA—UNISOM II............................................................................................C-52
APPENDIX D: SAMPLE ROE TRAINING PROGRAM AND BRIEFS..............D-1
SAMPLE ROE TRAINING PROGRAM: EXTRACT OF XVIII AIRBORNE CORPS AND FORT
BRAGG REGULATION 350-41, TRAINING IN UNITS (12 JANUARY 1998)......................D-2
FIRST CAVALRY DIVISION BOSNIA ROE BRIEF (AUGUST 1998)................................D-59
APPENDIX E: VIGNETTES......................................................................................E-1
OOTW VIGNETTES......................................................................................................E-9
LOW VIGNETTES.......................................................................................................E-88
APPENDIX F: WEAPONS INFORMATION..........................................................F-1
CREW SERVED WEAPONS AND MORTARS.....................................................................F-1
ARTILLERY...................................................................................................................F-4
NAVAL WEAPONS.......................................................................................................F-10
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS......................................................INSIDE BACK COVER
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