Rock Support and Reinforcement Practice in Mining

449 Pages·2018·34.332 MB·English

by  Thompson, A.G

ROCK SUPPORT AND REINFORCEMENT PRACTICE IN MINING

PROCEEDINGS OF THE INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON GROUND SUPPORT
KALGOORLIE/WESTERN AUSTRALIA/15-17 MARCH 1999
Rock Support and
Reinforcem ent Practice
in M ining
Edited by
Ernesto Villaescusa
Western Australian School of Mines, Kalgoorlie, Western Australia
Christopher R.Windsor & Alan G.Thompson
Rock Technology, Perth, Western Australia
CRC Press
Taylor & Francis Group
Boca Raton London New York
CRC Press is an imprint of the
Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business
A TAYLOR & FRANCIS BOOK
Supporting Organizations
Jetcrete Australia ANI Amall
Normandy Mining Ltd Snowden Mining Consultants
WMC Resources Ltd Boral Shotcrete
BHP Cannington Ingersoll Rand (Australia) Pty Ltd
Sandvik/Tamrock Smorgon ARC/Steel
Rock Technology
Organizing Committee
Dr Ernesto Villaescusa, WASM Dr Tao Li, WMC Resources Ltd
Christophs Windsor, Rock Technology Andrew Logan, BHP Cannington
Dr Alan Thompson, Rock Technology Dr Peter Mikula, Kalgoorlie Consolidated Gold Mining
David Finn, WMC Resources Ltd Mike Sandy, Australian Mining Consultants
Dr Peter Fuller, BFP Mining Consultants Peter Teasdale, WMC Resources Ltd
Cover: Rock reinforcement of a highly stressed, blocky rockmass using combination cables during
bench sloping operations at Mount Isa Mines (Provided by Dr E. Villaescusa)
The texts of the various papers in this volume were set individually by typists under the supervision of each of the
authors concerned.
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ISBN 90 5809 045 0
© 1999 A.A.Balkema, Rotterdam
Printed in the Netherlands
Rock Support and Reinforcement Practice in Mining, Villaescusa, Windsor & Thompson (eds)
© 1999Balkema, Rotterdam, ISBN9058090450
Table of contents
Foreword IX
Distinguished lectures
The evolution of support and reinforcement philosophy and practice for underground mining 3
excavations
E.T.Brown
Support for very weak rock associated with faults and shear zones 19
E.Hoek
1 Design, analysis, testing and monitoring applications
Keynote lecture: Systematic design of reinforcement and support schemes for excavations 35
in jointed rock
CR. Windsor
Formulating a site specific support system design methodology 59
A.Daehnke
Corrosivity classification of the underground environment 69
C Li & K. Lindblad
A study of corrosion in underground reinforcement at Mount Isa Mines, Australia 77
J.Robinson & D.B.Tyler
An Australian perspective to grouting for cablebolt reinforcement 83
E. Villaescusa
The performance of grouted split tube rock bolt systems 91
A.G.Thompson & D.J.Finn
Performance of the Swellex bolt in hard and soft rocks 103
CLi & UHdkansson
Reinforcement of underground excavations using the CT Bolt 109
E. Villaescusa & J. Wright
V
2 Mesh and membrane support systems
Perfonnance assessment of mesh for ground control applications 119
AG.Thompson, C.R.Windsor & G.W.Cadby
In-situ trials for structural membrane support 131
L.Wojno &ZToper
In-situ trials and field testing of two polymer restraint membranes 139
D.1Finn, P.Teasdale & C.R.Windsor
Laboratory testing of weld mesh for rock support 155
E. Villaescusa
3 Shotcrete
Keynote lecture: International practices and trends in sprayed concrete 163
T.AMelbye
An investigation into the behaviour of shotcrete pillars 183
1Hadjigeorgiou, F.Habiyaremye, 1S.Lessard & P.Andrieux
The rationale, design and implementation of steel fibre reinforced wet shotcrete, in highly 193
stressed hard rock tunnels, where rapid development advance is needed, in South Africa
AlS.Spearing & W.ANaismith
The use of shotcrete in Australian underground mining-A contractors perspective 199
MlK.Clements
The important properties of steel fibre reinforced shotcrete (SFRC) used in mining 209
R. Ratcliffe
Shotcrete trials and applications in poor ground conditions at Mount Isa Mines 219
T.Li & B.Cribb
The design of shotcrete linings for excavations created by drill and blast methods 231
C. R. Windsor & A G. Thompson
4 Support and reinforcement in metalliferous mines
Keynote lecture: The reinforcement process in underground mining 245
E. Villaescusa
Integrated ground management-An essential component of our licence to operate 259
AS. Logan
Rock bolting practice and the geotechnical management system at Darlot Gold Mine 267
D. Chen & D. Collopy
Developments in ground control at Outokumpu's Forrestania Nickel Mines, Western 277
Australia
C. Carr, P. Lappalainen & MP. Sandy
Choices in ground reinforcement at Mt Charlotte Mine 285
P.AMikula
VI
Productivity gains through improved rock reinforcement at McArthur River Mining 295
ClSchubert & CMStewart
Reinforcement design investigations at Big Bell 301
MP.Sandy &lR.Player
The development of a ground support system at the Pasminco Broken Hill Mine 317
N.S.Rauert, P.W.Butcher, P.MOrmsby & KP.Tully
5 Support in burst-prone ground
Retainment support for dynamic events in mines 329
T.R.Stacey & W.D.Ortlepp
Observations of the dynamic performance of South African tunnel support systems 335
AT.Haile
The use of elongate support in the South African Mining Industry 343
F.lGlisson, D. H. Kullmann & A E. Vidal da Silva
Assessment of precast cellular lightweight concrete (C. L. C.) support structures 349
P.N. Erasmus & 1 Smit
Containment support for large static and dynamic deformations in mines 359
W.D.Ortlepp, T.R.Stacey & H.AD.Kirsten
6 Safety and training
Development and implementation of new ground support standards at Mount Isa Mines 367
Limited
Y.Potvin, D.B.Tyler, G.MacSporran, lRobinson, /.Thin, D. Beck & MHudyma
Practical considerations in the training of miners on rock bolting 373
lHadjigeorgiou, KHammond & F.Lemy
Geotechnical mining regulations in Western Australia 377
AMLang
Elimination of fatalities taskforce-Underground rockfalls project 387
S.MHarvey
Continuous improvement in geotechnical design and practice 395
T.Li
7 Strata control in coal mines
Keynote lecture: Roof strata reinforcement-Achievements and challenges 405
P.G.Fuller
Innovations on stability control of roadways within soft strata in underground coal mines 417
in China
CWang
VII
Development of rootbolting in Australian coal mining 425
MRataj & MYearby
Author index 437
VIII
Rock Support and Reinforcement Practice in Mining, VHIaescusa, Windsor & Thompson (eds)
© 1999 Balkema, Rotterdam, ISBN 90 5809 045 0
Foreword
The International Symposium on Rock Support and Reinforcement Practice in Mining was held at
the Western Australian School of Mines, Kalgoorlie, Australia from March 15 to 17, 1999. The
Symposium was the fourth in the series and follows on from the International Symposia held at
Lulea, Sweden, 1983, Sudbury, Canada, 1992, and Lillehammer, Norway, 1997. The objective of the
Symposium was to exchange experiences, knowledge and the lessons learnt in the areas of rock
support and reinforcement with special attention being given to mining applications.
The Symposium dealt with seven main themes:
- Design, analysis, testing and monitoring applications;
- Mesh and membrane support systems;
- Shotcrete;
- Support and reinforcement in metalliferous mines;
- Support in burst-prone ground;
- Safety and training;
- Strata control in coal mines.
Over forty papers have been published in these Proceedings, including two Distinguished
Lectures and four Keynote Addresses.
Distinguished lectures:
- E.T. Brown, Australia: The evolution of support and reinforcement philosophy and practice for
underground mining excavations;
- E.Hoek, Canada: Support for very weak rock associated with faults and shear zones.
Keynote lectures:
- C.R.Windsor, Australia: Systematic design of reinforcement and support schemes for excava­
tions in jointed rock;
- T. A. Melbye, Switzerland: International practices and trends in sprayed concrete;
- E.Villaescusa, Australia: The reinforcecd process in underground mining;
- P.G. Fuller, Australia: Roof strata reinforcement - Achievements and challenges.
The Organizing Committee wishes to thank Kalgoorlie Consolidated Gold Mines, Kundana Gold
Mine, WMC Resources Ltd Kambalda Operations and Kanowna Belle Mine for their cooperation
regarding field visits to mines. Sincere thanks are also given to all the authors for their valuable
contributions.
E.Villaescusa
C.R. Windsor
A.G.Thompson
IX