Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering. Volume 1: Fundamentals of Rock Mechanics. Volume 2: Applications of Rock Mechanics – Rock Engineering

787 Pages·2020·28.638 MB·English

by  Ömer Aydan

Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering

Rock Mechanics and Rock
Engineering
Volume 1: Fundamentals of Rock
Mechanics
Ömer Aydan
Department of Civil Engineering, University of the
Ryukyus, Nishihara, Okinawa, Japan
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Publishedby: CRCPress/Balkema
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Volume1
ISBN:978-0-367-42162-5(Hbk)
ISBN:978-0-367-82229-3(eBook)
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1201/9780367822293
Volume2
ISBN:978-0-367-42165-6(Hbk)
ISBN:978-0-367-82230-9(eBook)
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1201/9780367822309
Two-volumeset
ISBN:978-0-367-02935-7(Hbk)
ISBN:978-0-429-00123-9(eBook)
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1201/9780429001239
Contents
Preface ix
Author biography xi
1 Introduction and history of rock mechanics and rock
engineering 1
1.1 Earlier traces of rock mechanics and rock engineering 1
1.2 Modern development of rock mechanics and rock engineering 3
1.3 Goals and content of this book 3
2 Minerals, rocks, discontinuities and rock mass 7
2.1 Minerals 7
2.2 Rocks 11
2.3 Discontinuities 18
2.4 Rock mass 21
3 Fundamental definitions and measurement techniques 25
3.1 Physical parameters of rocks 25
3.2 Physical parameters of discontinuities 26
3.3 Rock mass 38
4 Fundamental governing equations 43
4.1 Fundamental governing equations for one-dimensional case 43
4.2 Multidimensional governing equations 51
4.3 Derivation of governing equations in integral form 54
5 Constitutive laws 61
5.1 One-dimensional constitutive laws 61
5.2 Multidimensional constitutive laws 75
5.3 Nonlinear behavior (elasto-plasticity and elasto-visco-plasticity)
for solids 77
vi Contents vi
6 Laboratory and in-situ tests 99
6.1 Laboratory tests on mechanical properties 99
6.2 In-situ mechanical tests 121
6.3 Thermal properties of rocks and their measurements 125
6.4 Tests for seepage parameters 132
7 In-situ stress estimation, measurement and inference
methods 147
7.1 In-situ stress estimation methods 147
7.2 In-situ stress measurement methods 157
7.3 In-situ stress inference methods 162
7.4 Comparisons 169
7.5 Integration of various direct measurement and indirect techniques
for in-situ stress estimation 179
7.6 Crustal stress changes 180
8 Analytical methods 187
8.1 Basic approaches 187
8.2 Analytical solutions for solids 188
8.3 Analytical solutions for fluid flow through porous rocks 228
8.4 Analytical solutions for heat flow: temperature distribution in the
vicinity of geological active faults 241
8.5 Analytical solutions for diffusion problems 245
8.6 Evaluation of creep-like deformation of semi-infinite soft rock layer 251
9 Numerical methods 257
9.1 Introduction 257
9.2 1-D hyperbolic problem: equation of motion 262
9.3 Parabolic problems: heat flow, seepage and diffusion 268
9.4 Finite element method for 1-D pseudo-coupled parabolic problems:
heat flow and thermal stress; swelling and swelling pressure 272
9.5 Hydromechanical coupling: seepage and effective stress problem 279
9.6 Biot problem: coupled dynamic response of porous media 286
9.7 Introduction of boundary conditions in simultaneous equation system 295
9.8 Rayleigh damping and its implementation 297
9.9 Nonlinear problems 298
9.10 Special numerical procedures for rock mass having discontinuities 298
10 Ice mechanics and glacial flow 303
10.1 Physics of ice 303
10.2 Mechanical properties of ice 305
10.3 Glaciers and ice domes/sheets 305
10.4 Cliff and slope failures induced by glacial flow 307
vii Contents vii
10.5 Glacial cave failures 312
10.6 Moraine lakes and lake burst 312
10.7 Calving and iceberg formation 313
11 Extraterrestrial rock mechanics and rock engineering 315
11.1 Solar system 316
11.2 Moon 317
11.3 Mars 322
11.4 Venus 329
11.5 Issues of rock mechanics and rock engineering on the Moon,
Mars and Venus 333
11.6 Conclusions and future studies 341
Appendices 343
Appendix 1: Definitions of scalars, vectors and tensors and
associated operations 345
Appendix 2: Stress analysis 355
Appendix 3: Deformation and strain 363
Appendix 4: Gauss divergence theorem 371
Appendix 5: Geometrical interpretation of Taylor expansion 373
Appendix 6: Reynolds transport theorem 375
Index 377