Robotics in General Surgery PDF
Preview Robotics in General Surgery
Keith Chae Kim Editor Robotics in General Surgery 123 Robotics in General Surgery Keith Chae K im Editor Robotics in General Surgery Editor Keith Chae Kim, M.D., F.A.C.S. Metabolic Medicine and Surgery Institute Florida Hospital Celebration Health Celebration , FL , USA ISBN 978-1-4614-8738-8 ISBN 978-1-4614-8739-5 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-1-4614-8739-5 Springer New York Heidelberg Dordrecht London Library of Congress Control Number: 2013949142 © Springer Science+Business Media New York 2014 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifi cally the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfi lms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. Exempted from this legal reservation are brief excerpts in connection with reviews or scholarly analysis or material supplied specifi cally for the purpose of being entered and executed on a computer system, for exclusive use by the purchaser of the work. Duplication of this publication or parts thereof is permitted only under the provisions of the Copyright Law of the Publisher’s location, in its current version, and permission for use must always be obtained from Springer. Permissions for use may be obtained through RightsLink at the Copyright Clearance Center. Violations are liable to prosecution under the respective Copyright Law. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specifi c statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. While the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication, neither the authors nor the editors nor the publisher can accept any legal responsibility for any errors or omissions that may be made. The publisher makes no warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein. Printed on acid-free paper Springer is part of Springer Science+Business Media (www.springer.com) There are many people who have been instrumental in the publication of this book and others who have been essential in creating the circumstances that led me to embrace robotic surgery. Thank you. I dedicate this book to Ella, Alex, Jennifer, John, Cathy, Sofi a, and Young, and especially to my parents, Sun Tok Kim, my mother, and Kwi Hyon Kim, my father, who have taught me through their actions that hard work and perseverance have no equal. Pref ace Robotic surgery will prove to be the most signifi cant advance in surgery for this generation of surgeons and the next few generations to come. The current platform, the da Vinci system, is the product of an evolution from the US Department of Defense’s efforts to produce telerobotic capabilities in order to provide injured frontline soldiers with advanced surgical care from remote locations to commercial efforts to provide enhanced dexterity to facilitate complex surgeries while maintaining minimally invasive techniques. The enhanced dexterity, based on an anthropomorphic model whereby the robotic system is designed to mimic the human hand in its range and freedom of movements, is fairly advanced and has allowed both average surgeons to adopt minimally invasive techniques and skilled surgeons to push the enve- lope in the complexity of minimally invasive procedures. The robotic approach has permeated essentially every specialty in general surgery. More importantly, however, the robotic platform has introduced two new dynamics between the patient and the surgeon that will have a far greater impact. First, the system is based on a master–slave relationship in which the surgeon is remote from the patient and performs the operation by controlling a patient cart slave that is docked to the patient. Second, the console repre- sents a digital interface between the surgeon and the patient. In these aspects, we are just starting to scratch the surface of the possibilities. The master–slave confi guration allows for telepresence as was dramati- cally demonstrated by Professor Marescaux and colleagues in “Operation Lindbergh,” a transatlantic cholecystectomy. This capability will not only have a profound impact on providing sophisticated and complex care to remote locations from a command center but will also dramatically facili- tate professional education and collaborative surgery. Experts will be able to have a global presence without having to leave their operating rooms and will be able to demonstrate surgery as well as assist or take over surgeries being performed in remote locations by linking their console to the remote patient cart. Additionally, the master–slave platform will eventually allow for the manipulation of wireless “slave” components that will form the foundation of the future of endoscopy, interventional radiology, and natural orifi ce interventions. The digital interface, which allows for the collection and manipulation of data that can be used for diagnostic or interventional purposes, represents an even greater potential. Even in the relatively early stages, imaging technology vii viii Preface is being used to identify structures and provide a road map to the surgical anatomy in real time. The future will see the digital interface between patient and surgeon evolve to facilitate image-guided surgery, computer-aided sur- gery, as well as pre-performed surgery in simulation models that is repro- duced by a computer-driven system on the actual patient. This textbook, the fi rst comprehensive overview of the role of robotic sur- gery in general surgery, is intended as a “how-to” reference of robotically performed procedures in general surgery. Additionally, in recognition of the importance of understanding the evolution of robotic surgery thus far, and the impact that it will have on the future of surgery, this book provides a histori- cal perspective of robotic surgery as well as an overview of the emerging technology and future robotic platforms. Celebration , Florida, USA Keith Chae Kim, M.D., F.A.C.S. Contents Part I Overview of the Robotic System 1 History of Robotic Surgery .......................................................... 3 Haidar Abdul-Muhsin and Vipul Patel 2 Introduction to the Robotic System ............................................. 9 Monika E. Hagen, Hubert Stein, and Myriam J. Curet 3 Overview of General Advantages, Limitations, and Strategies ................................................................................ 17 Erik B. Wilson, Hossein Bagshahi, and Vicky D. Woodruff Part II Surgical Techniques: Esophagus 4 Robotic Assisted Minimally Invasive Esophagectomy ............... 25 Abbas E. Abbas and Mark R. Dylewski 5 Robotic Assisted Operations for Gastroesophageal Refl ux ....... 33 Daniel H. Dunn, Eric M. Johnson, Kourtney Kemp, Robert Ganz, Sam Leon, and Nilanjana Banerji 6 Achalasia ........................................................................................ 55 Julia Samamé, Mark R. Dylewski, Angela Echeverria, and Carlos A. Galvani Part III Surgical Techniques: Thoracic 7 Complete Port-Access Robotic-Assisted Lobectomy Utilizing Three-Arm Technique Without a Transthoracic Utility Incision ............................................................................... 69 Mark R. Dylewski, Richard Lazzaro, and Abbas E. Abbas 8 Robotic Pulmonary Resection Using a Completely Portal Four- Arm Technique .................................................................... 85 Robert James Cerfolio and Ayesha S. Bryant ix
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