Robert Ballard: Explorer and Undersea Archaeologist (Makers of Modern Science) PDF
Preview Robert Ballard: Explorer and Undersea Archaeologist (Makers of Modern Science)
Robert Ballard Robert Ballard Explorer and Undersea Archaeologist Lisa Yount ROBERT BALLARD: Explorer and Undersea Archaeologist Copyright © 2009 by Lisa Yount All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or by any information storage or retrieval systems, without permission in writing from the publisher. For information contact: Chelsea House An imprint of Infobase Publishing 132 West 31st Street New York NY 10001 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Yount, Lisa. Robert Ballard : explorer and undersea archaeologist / Lisa Yount. p. cm.—(Makers of modern science) Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN-13: 978-0-8160-6173-0 ISBN-10: 0-8160-6173-4 1. Ballard, Robert D. 2. Oceanographers—United States—Biography—Juvenile literature. 3. Explorers—United States—Biography—Juvenile literature. I. Title. II. Series. GC30.B35Y56 2009 551.46092—dc22 [B] 2008039983 Chelsea House books are available at special discounts when purchased in bulk quantities for businesses, associations, institutions, or sales promotions. Please call our Special Sales Department in New York at (212) 967-8800 or (800) 322-8755. You can find Chelsea House on the World Wide Web at http://www.chelseahouse.com Text design by Kerry Casey Cover design by Salvatore Luongo Illustrations by Sholto Ainslie Photo research by Suzanne M. Tibor Printed in the United States of America MP KT 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 This book is printed on acid-free paper. To all young people who want to explore the world $ Contents Preface x Acknowledgments xiii Introduction xiv What Is an Explorer? xiv Inventor and Persuader xvii Map of a Career xix 1 Growing Up Nemo 1 A Seaside Boyhood 1 Changing Plans 3 The “White Tornado” 5 Alvin: Workhorse Submersible 6 Hard Times 8 First Dive 9 Plate Tectonics: A Revolutionary Theory 10 Mapping Undersea Mountains 12 An Exciting Opportunity 15 Titanium Paper Clips 17 Project FAMOUS Begins 18 An Amazing Valley 19 2 Undersea Gardens and Black Smokers 23 Looking for Undersea Geysers 24 A Bizarre Landscape 25 Garden of Eden 28 Unique Ecosystems 29 Black Smokers 32 Telepresence 34 Argo and Jason 35 The Sinking of Titanic: A Night to Remember 36 Following a Trail 39 3 A Titanic Discovery 40 Searching for the Wrong Reasons 41 A Frustrating Start 42 A Busy Team 45 “Wreckage!” 46 Titanic at Last 47 Media Storm 48 A Closer Look 51 Founding a New Field 53 4 Hide and Seek 55 Teaching Science 55 The JASON Project: Education through Exploration 56 A Fearsome Warship 57 The Chase Begins 59 A Terrible Loss 60 Hot Pursuit 61 The Final Battle 62 Fruitless Search 64 Launching New ROVs 65 Exploring a Roman Shipwreck 67 Hope for Better Luck 69 Boots Lead the Way 71 Triumph and Tragedy 72 5 Guadalcanal and Lusitania 74 A Pacific Turning Point 74 Guadalcanal’s Naval Battles 77 Exploring Iron Bottom Sound 78 An Unlucky Ship 81 Lusitania and Mauretania: Ocean Greyhounds 82 The Death of Lusitania 84 Lingering Questions 85 Reassessing History 87 6 More Pacific Graveyards 89 War in Reverse 90 Plan and Counterplan 91 Carriers on Fire 92 The End of Yorktown 95 Needles and Haystacks 96 The Sonar Tradeoff: Range v. Resolution 97 Finding Yorktown 98 The One That Got Away 100 PT-109 103 Message on a Coconut 105 The Real Thing 107 7 Ancient Seafarers 110 The Skerki Bank Project 111 Bathtub without a Drain 113 An Ancient Flood 116 Preserver of Ships 117 The Oldest Wrecks 120 Phoenicians: The Purple People 121 Conclusion: Undersea Museums 124 Chronology 131 Glossary 138 Further Resources 141 Index 149
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