Table Of Content

Robbins and Cotran Pathologic Basis of Disease ROBBINS AND COTRAN Pathologic Basis of Disease N I N T H E D I T I O N Vinay Kumar, MBBS, MD, FRCPath Donald N. Pritzker Professor and Chairman, Department of Pathology Biologic Sciences Division and The Pritzker School of Medicine The University of Chicago Chicago, Illinois Abul K. Abbas, MBBS Distinguished Professor and Chair Department of Pathology University of California San Francisco San Francisco, California Jon C. Aster, MD, PhD Professor of Pathology Harvard Medical School Brigham and Women’s Hospital Boston, Massachusetts WITH ILLUSTRATIONS BY James A. Perkins, MS, MFA Get more from this publication online 1600 John F. Kennedy Blvd. Ste 1800 Philadelphia, PA 19103-2899 ROBBINS AND COTRAN PATHOLOGIC BASIS OF DISEASE, Ninth Edition ISBN: 978-1-4557-2613-4 International edition ISBN: 978-0-8089-2450-0 Professional Edition ISBN: 978-0-323-26616-1 Copyright © 2015, 2010, 2004, 1999, 1994, 1989, 1984, 1979, 1974 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the Publisher. Details on how to seek permission, further information about the Publisher’s permissions policies and our arrangements with organizations such as the Copyright Clearance Center and the Copyright Licensing Agency, can be found at our website: www.elsevier.com/permissions. This book and the individual contributions contained in it are protected under copyright by the Publisher (other than as may be noted herein). Notices Knowledge and best practice in this field are constantly changing. As new research and experience broaden our understanding, changes in research methods, professional practices, or medical treatment may become necessary. Practitioners and researchers must always rely on their own experience and knowledge in evaluating and using any information, methods, compounds, or experiments described herein. In using such information or methods they should be mindful of their own safety and the safety of others, including parties for whom they have a professional responsibility. With respect to any drug or pharmaceutical products identified, readers are advised to check the most current information provided (i) on procedures featured or (ii) by the manufacturer of each product to be administered, to verify the recommended dose or formula, the method and duration of administration, and contraindications. It is the responsibility of practitioners, relying on their own experience and knowledge of their patients, to make diagnoses, to determine dosages and the best treatment for each individual patient, and to take all appropriate safety precautions. To the fullest extent of the law, neither the Publisher nor the authors, contributors, or editors assume any liability for any injury and/or damage to persons or property as a matter of products liability, negligence or otherwise, or from any use or operation of any methods, products, instructions, or ideas contained in the material herein. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Robbins and Cotran pathologic basis of disease / [edited by] Vinay Kumar, Abul K. Abbas, Jon C. Aster ; with illustrations by James A. Perkins.—Ninth edition. p. ; cm. Pathologic basis of disease Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-1-4557-2613-4 (hardback : alk. paper)—ISBN 978-0-8089-2450-0 (international edition : alk. paper)—ISBN 978-0-323-26616-1 (professional edition : alk. paper) I. Kumar, Vinay, 1944- editor. II. Abbas, Abul K., editor. III. Aster, Jon C., editor. IV. Title: Pathologic basis of disease. [DNLM: 1. Pathologic Processes. QZ 140] RB111 616.07—dc23 2014017443 Executive Content Strategist: William Schmitt Manager, Content Development: Rebecca Gruliow Publishing Services Manager: Anne Altepeter Project Manager: Jennifer Nemec Design Direction: Lou Forgione Printed in Canada Last digit is the print number: 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 DEDICATION To Our teachers For inspiring us To Our students For constantly challenging us To our spouses Raminder Kumar Ann Abbas Erin Malone For their unconditional support Contributors Charles E. Alpers, MD Robert Folberg, MD Professor and Vice-Chair Founding Dean and Professor of Biomedical Sciences, Department of Pathology Pathology, and Ophthalmology University of Washington School of Medicine Oakland University William Beaumont School of Pathologist Medicine University of Washington Medical Center Rochester, Michigan Seattle, Washington Chief Academic Officer The Kidney Beaumont Hospitals Royal Oak, Michigan Douglas C. Anthony, MD, PhD The Eye Professor Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Matthew P. Frosch, MD, PhD Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University Lawrence J. Henderson Associate Professor of Chief of Pathology Pathology and Health Sciences and Technology Lifespan Academic Medical Center Harvard Medical School Providence, Rhode Island Director The Central Nervous System; Peripheral Nerves and Neuropathology Core Skeletal Muscles Massachusetts General Hospital Boston, Massachusetts Anthony Chang, MD The Central Nervous System Associate Professor of Pathology Director of Renal Pathology Andrew Horvai, MD, PhD Department of Pathology Professor The University of Chicago Department of Pathology Chicago, Illinois Associate Director of Surgical Pathology The Kidney University of California San Francisco San Francisco, California Umberto De Girolami, MD Bones, Joints, and Soft Tissue Tumors Professor of Pathology Harvard Medical School Ralph H. Hruban, MD Director of Neuropathology Professor of Pathology and Oncology Brigham and Women’s Hospital Director of the Sol Goldman Pancreatic Cancer Boston, Massachusetts Research Center The Central Nervous System The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore, Maryland Lora Hedrick Ellenson, MD The Pancreas Professor and Director of Gynecologic Pathology Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Aliya N. Husain, MBBS New York Presbyterian Hospital-Weill Cornell Professor Medical College Department of Pathology, Director of Pulmonary, Attending Pathologist Pediatric and Cardiac Pathology New York Presbyterian Hospital Pritzker School of Medicine New York, New York The University of Chicago The Female Genital Tract Chicago, Illinois The Lung Jonathan I. Epstein, MD Professor of Pathology, Urology, and Oncology Christine A. Iacobuzio-Donahue, MD, PhD The Reinhard Professor of Urologic Pathology Attending Physician The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Department of Pathology Director of Surgical Pathology Associate Director for Translational Research The Johns Hopkins Hospital Center for Pancreatic Cancer Research Baltimore, Maryland Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center The Lower Urinary Tract and Male Genital System New York, New York The Pancreas viii Contributors Alexander J.F. Lazar, MD, PhD Richard N. Mitchell, MD, PhD Associate Professor Lawrence J. Henderson Professor of Pathology and Departments of Pathology and Dermatology Health Sciences and Technology Sarcoma Research Center Department of Pathology University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center Harvard Medical School Houston, Texas Staff Pathologist The Skin Brigham and Women’s Hospital Boston, Massachusetts Susan C. Lester, MD, PhD The Cell as a Unit of Health and Disease; Blood Vessels; Assistant Professor of Pathology The Heart Harvard Medical School Chief, Breast Pathology George F. Murphy, MD Brigham and Women’s Hospital Professor of Pathology Boston, Massachusetts Harvard Medical School The Breast Director of Dermatopathology Brigham and Women’s Hospital Mark W. Lingen, DDS, PhD, PRCPath Boston, Massachusetts Professor The Skin Department of Pathology, Director of Oral Pathology Pritzker School of Medicine Edyta C. Pirog, MD The University of Chicago Associate Professor of Clinical Pathology and Chicago, Illinois Laboratory Medicine Head and Neck New York Presbyterian Hospital-Weil Medical College of Cornell University Tamara L. Lotan, MD Associate Attending Pathologist Associate Professor of Pathology and Oncology New York Presbyterian Hospital The Johns Hopkins Hospital New York, New York Baltimore, Maryland The Female Genital Tract The Lower Urinary Tract and Male Genital System Peter Pytel, MD Anirban Maitra, MBBS Associate Professor, Director of Neuropathology Professor of Pathology and Translational Molecular Department of Pathology Pathology The University of Chicago Medicine University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center Chicago, Illinois Houston, Texas Peripheral Nerves and Skeletal Muscles Diseases of Infancy and Childhood; The Endocrine System Frederick J. Schoen, MD, PhD Alexander J. McAdam, MD, PhD Professor of Pathology and Health Sciences and Vice Chair Technology Department of Laboratory Medicine Harvard Medical School Medical Director Director Infectious Diseases Diagnostic Laboratory Cardiac Pathology Boston Children’s Hospital Executive Vice Chairman Associate Professor of Pathology Department of Pathology Harvard Medical School Brigham and Women’s Hospital Boston, Massachusetts Boston, Massachusetts Infectious Diseases The Heart Danny A. Milner, MD, MSc, FCAP Arlene H. Sharpe, MD, PhD Assistant Professor of Pathology Professor of Pathology Assistant Medical Director, Microbiology Co-Director of Harvard Institute of Translational Harvard Medical School Immunology Boston, Massachusetts Harvard Medical School Infectious Diseases Department of Pathology Brigham and Women’s Hospital Boston, Massachusetts Infectious Diseases Contributors ix Neil Theise, MD Jerrold R. Turner, MD, PhD Professor, Pathology and Medicine Sara and Harold Lincoln Thompson Professor Division of Digestive Diseases Associate Chair Beth Israel Medical Center—Albert Einstein College Department of Pathology of Medicine Pritzker School of Medicine New York, New York The University of Chicago The Liver and Gallbladder Chicago, Illinois The Gastrointestinal Tract Raminder Kumar, MBBS, MD Chicago, Illinois Clinical Editor for Diseases of the Heart, Lung, Gastrointestinal Tract, Liver, and Kidneys