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Roadway Design Manual Nebraska Department Of Transportation PDF

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Roadway Design Manual Nebraska Department of Transportation TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION ......................................................................................................................... I CHAPTER ONE ROADWAY DESIGN STANDARDS ..............................................1-1 CHAPTER TWO ROADWAY DESIGN PROCESS ...................................................2-1 CHAPTER THREE ROADWAY ALIGNMENT ..............................................................3-1 CHAPTER FOUR INTERSECTIONS, DRIVEWAYS and CHANNELIZATION ...........4-1 CHAPTER FIVE INTERSTATES, GRADE SEPARATIONS, AND INTERCHANGES ......................................................................5-1 CHAPTER SIX THE TYPICAL ROADWAY CROSS-SECTION..............................6-1 CHAPTER SEVEN EARTHWORK ...............................................................................7-1 CHAPTER EIGHT SURFACING ..................................................................................8-1 CHAPTER NINE GUARDRAIL AND ROADSIDE BARRIERS ..................................9-1 CHAPTER TEN MISCELLANEOUS DESIGN ISSUES ......................................... 10-1 CHAPTER ELEVEN HIGHWAY PLANS ASSEMBLY .................................................. 11-1 CHAPTER TWELVE COST ESTIMATING & FUNDING ............................................... 12-1 CHAPTER THIRTEEN PLANNING AND PROJECT DEVELOPMENT ............................ 13-1 CHAPTER FOURTEEN TRAFFIC...................................................................................... 14-1 CHAPTER FIFTEEN RIGHT-OF-WAY .......................................................................... 15-1 CHAPTER SIXTEEN PEDESTRIAN AND BICYCLE FACILITIES ................................. 16-1 CHAPTER SEVENTEEN RESURFACING, RESTORATION AND REHABILITATION (3) PROJECTS ......................................................................... 17-1 APPENDIX A PROJECT NUMBERING SYSTEM ............................................... A-1 APPENDIX B SELECTED NDOR OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS DOT-OI 45-1, Utility Rehabilitation Negotiations ................ B-1 DOT-OI 45-2, Utility and Railroad Payments ....................... B-3 DOT-OI 45-5, Agreements .................................................... B-5 DOT-OI 45-6, Delegation of Authority .................................. B-9 DOT-OI 60-9, Corridor Protection ...................................... B-15 DOT-OI 60-10, ADA Accessibility Requirements in Transportation Projects ...................................................... B-19 DOT-OI 60-11, Municipal Cost Sharing ................................ B-29 DOT-OI 60-12, Cost Sharing for Local Roads Crossing Freeways and Expressways ............................................... B-41 DOT-OI 60-13, Relinquishment of Roads from the Highway System .................................................................. B-43 DOT-OI 60-16, Policy for Phase Constructed 3R Projects . B-49 DOT-OI 60-19, Use of Proprietary and State Furnished Items ..................................................................................... B-51 APPENDIX C PUBLIC INTEREST LETTERS ..................................................... C-1 APPENDIX D REQUIREMENTS TO PROVIDE CURB RAMPS .......................... D-1 APPENDIX E RURAL INTERCHANGES ............................................................ E-1 APPENDIX F SURVEY / PLAN ACCURACY ..................................................... F-1 APPENDIX G DEGREE OF CURVATURE .......................................................... G-1 APPENDIX H APPLICATION OF DESIGN STANDARDS .................................. H-1 APPENDIX I INSTALLATION OF THE BEVELED EDGE .................................. I-1 GLOSSARY ............................................................................................................................... I INDEX ................................................................................................................................ i TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER ONE ROADWAY DESIGN STANDARDS 1. STATUTORY AUTHORITY .............................................................................................1-1 2. DESIGN STANDARDS .....................................................................................................1-2 3. HIGHWAY CLASSIFICATION ..........................................................................................1-2 3.A Classification .....................................................................................................1-2 3.A.1 National Highway Functional Classification Map (Nebraska) ..........1-3 3.A.2 State Highway Functional Classification Map (Nebraska) ................1-3 4. HIGHWAY SYSTEMS ......................................................................................................1-8 4.A Interstate System ...............................................................................................1-8 4.B National Highway System (NHS) ......................................................................1-8 4.C Strategic Highway Network (STRAHNET) ........................................................1-8 4.D National Highway Freight Network ...................................................................1-9 4.E Nebraska Expressway System ....................................................................... 1-10 4.F Nebraska Priority Commercial System .......................................................... 1-10 4.G Nebraska 28 Foot Top System ........................................................................ 1-10 4.H Other Nebraska State Highways ..................................................................... 1-10 5. CAPITAL IMPROVEMENT VS SYSTEM PRESERVATION ........................................... 1-11 6. APPLICATION OF DESIGN CRITERIA ......................................................................... 1-11 6.A New and Reconstructed Criteria ..................................................................... 1-11 6.B Resurfacing, Restoration and Rehabilitation (3R) Criteria............................ 1-12 6.B.1 Bridge Rehabilitation (3R) Work ....................................................... 1-13 6.C Maintenance Projects ...................................................................................... 1-13 6.C.1 Routine Maintenance ........................................................................ 1-13 6.C.1.a Routine Bridge Maintenance Activities ....................................... 1-13 6.C.2 Preventive Maintenance .................................................................... 1-14 6.C.2.a Bridge Preventive Maintenance Activities .................................. 1-14 6.D Safety Improvement Projects.......................................................................... 1-16 7. DESIGN CONTROLS ..................................................................................................... 1-17 7.A Design Year Forecast Traffic .......................................................................... 1-17 7.B Design Speed ................................................................................................... 1-17 7.C Sight Distance .................................................................................................. 1-17 7.D Terrain .............................................................................................................. 1-17 7.E Roadside Design .............................................................................................. 1-18 7.F Rural/ Municipal ............................................................................................... 1-18 7.G Access Control ................................................................................................ 1-19 8. THE CONTROLLING DESIGN CRITERIA ..................................................................... 1-20 8.A NDOT Non-Controlling Design Criteria .......................................................... 1-21 8.B Nominal Shoulder Width for Lateral Offset to Obstruction ........................... 1-22 8.B.1 Highways With an ADT < 400 VPD ................................................... 1-22 8.B.2 Highways With an ADT ≥ 400 VPD ................................................... 1-22 8.C NDOT Desirable Design Guidance.................................................................. 1-25 9. NDOT FORM 76 ............................................................................................................. 1-27 9.A Instructions For Completing NDOT Form 76 ................................................. 1-27 9.A.1 Sources .............................................................................................. 1-27 9.A.2 Instructions ........................................................................................ 1-27 10. DEPARTURE FROM STANDARDS ............................................................................... 1-31 10.A Design Exceptions for Projects on the NHS and for Projects of Division Interest ...................................................................... 1-31 10.A.1 Oversight Authority for Departure from Standards ........................ 1-31 10.A.2 Design Exception Documentation for PoDIs for Design................. 1-31 10.B Design Relaxations of the MDS ...................................................................... 1-32 10.C Procedure for When Desirable Conditions Cannot be Attained ................... 1-33 11. REFERENCES ............................................................................................................... 1-36 TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER TWO ROADWAY DESIGN PROCESS 1. DESIGN PROCESS OUTLINE .........................................................................................2-1 2. ENGINEERING REVIEW (ACTIVITY 5202) .....................................................................2-2 3. INITIAL PROJECT REVIEW AND SETUP (ACTIVITY 5308) ...........................................2-2 4. PRELIMINARY ALIGNMENT DESIGN FOR BRIDGE HYDRAULICS (ACTIVITY 5306/5312) ......................................................................................................2-4 5. PRELIMINARY ROADWAY DESIGN (ACTIVITY 5307/5309) ..........................................2-4 5.A Obtain Preliminary Data ....................................................................................2-4 5.B Project Scope Review and Scoping Changes .................................................2-5 5.C Begin Preliminary Design..................................................................................2-6 5.D Request Information from Other Divisions ......................................................2-6 5.E Drainage .............................................................................................................2-8 5.F Initiate Special Investigations ...........................................................................2-8 5.F.1 Additional Survey ................................................................................2-8 5.F.2 Traffic Engineering Review .................................................................2-8 5.G Aerial Photo Sheet Preparation ........................................................................2-9 5.H Utilities on Urban Projects ................................................................................2-9 5.I Preliminary Access Control Determination......................................................2-9 5.J Review Design Checklist ...................................................................................2-9 6. COST UPDATE 1 - STATUS 30 (ACTIVITY 5403) ......................................................... 2-10 7. DESIGN PLAN-IN-HAND (PIH) (ACTIVITY 5315) .......................................................... 2-10 7.A Plan-in-Hand Plans .......................................................................................... 2-10 7.B Plan-in-Hand Plan Distribution ....................................................................... 2-11 7.C Conduct the Plan-in-Hand Inspection ............................................................ 2-11 8. PIH REPORT (ACTIVITY 5318/5338) ............................................................................. 2-12 9. ROADWAY FUNCTIONAL DESIGN (ACTIVITY 5316/5326) ......................................... 2-12 9.A Special Provisions ........................................................................................... 2-13 9.B Initiate Agreements.......................................................................................... 2-13 9.B.1 City Agreements ................................................................................ 2-13 9.B.2 Irrigation Agreements ....................................................................... 2-14 9.B.3 Railroad Agreements ........................................................................ 2-14 9.C Design Access Control .................................................................................... 2-14 9.D Receive Additional Documentation ................................................................ 2-15 9.E Notifications ..................................................................................................... 2-15 9.F Design Relaxations .......................................................................................... 2-15 9.G Submit Functional Plans ................................................................................. 2-15 10. COVENANT RELINQUISHMENT AGREEMENT ........................................................... 2-16 11. COST UPDATE 2 -STATUS 40 (ACTIVITY 5406) .......................................................... 2-16 12. DESIGN PREPARATION FOR PUBLIC HEARINGS (ACTIVITY 5323/5324) ................ 2-17 12.A Public Hearings ................................................................................................ 2-17 12.B Highway Commission Statement .................................................................... 2-19 12.C Public Meetings ............................................................................................... 2-19 12.C.1 Public Information Meetings ............................................................. 2-21 12.C.2 City and/or County Officials Meeting ............................................... 2-22 12.C.3 Property Owners Pre-Hearing .......................................................... 2-22 13. ROADWAY DESIGN (ACTIVITY 5325/5327) ................................................................. 2-25 14. ROADWAY DESIGN REVIEW/LIMITS OF CONSTRUCTION PLANS (ACTIVITY 5335/5336) ................................................................................................... 2-25 14.A Limits of Construction Plans .......................................................................... 2-25 14.B Other Tasks in Activity 5335 ........................................................................... 2-26 15. COST UPDATE 3 - STATUS 45 (ACTIVITY 5408) ......................................................... 2-26 16. DESIGN REVIEW SUPPORT PROCESSES (ACTIVITY 5340) ...................................... 2-27 17. PRELIMINARY RIGHT-OF-WAY PLAN REVIEW (ACTIVITY 5345) .............................. 2-27 17.A Removal Items and Notes ............................................................................... 2-27 18. DESIGN PLANS TO UTILITIES UNIT (ACTIVITY 5350) ................................................ 2-28 19. INFORMATION MEETING PRIOR TO APPRAISAL AND ACQUISITION (ACTIVITY 5314) .................................................................................... 2-28 20. CHANGES TO FINAL DESIGN (ACTIVITY 5355/5357) ................................................. 2-28 20.A Check on Other Agreements ........................................................................... 2-28 21. FINAL RELINQUISHMENT AGREEMENT (FRA) .......................................................... 2-29 22. PREPARATION OF FINAL PLANS PACKAGE/FINAL PLAN REVIEW FOR PS&E (ACTIVITY 5369/5368) ................................................................................................... 2-31 22.A Assemble Project Data .................................................................................... 2-31 22.B Check Earthwork and Notes ........................................................................... 2-32 22.C Checking Plans for Conflicts .......................................................................... 2-32 22.D Final Plan Review for PS&E ............................................................................ 2-33 23. POST LETTING SUPPORT AND PLAN REVISION (ACTIVITY 5375/5376) ................. 2-33 23.A Changes to the Design Plans ......................................................................... 2-33 23.A.1 Plan Revisions ................................................................................... 2-34 24. ARCHIVING THE PROJECT FILE ................................................................................. 2-35 25. REFERENCES ............................................................................................................... 2-36 TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER THREE ROADWAY ALIGNMENT 1. SIGHT DISTANCE ...........................................................................................................3-1 2. HORIZONTAL ALIGNMENT DESIGN ..............................................................................3-1 2.A Horizontal Curvature .........................................................................................3-2 2.A.1 Simple Curves .....................................................................................3-2 2.A.2 Reverse Curves ...................................................................................3-2 2.A.3 Compound Curves ..............................................................................3-2 2.A.4 Broken Back Curves ...........................................................................3-2 2.A.5 Spiral Transition Curves .....................................................................3-2 2.B Superelevation ...................................................................................................3-4 2.B.1 Transition Lengths ..............................................................................3-5 2.B.2 Axis of Rotation ...................................................................................3-5 2.B.3 Smoothing of Pavement Edge Profile ................................................3-6 2.C Pavement Widening on Curves (Off-tracking) .................................................3-6 3. VERTICAL ALIGNMENT DESIGN ................................................................................. 3-20 3.A Grades .............................................................................................................. 3-21 3.A.1 Maximum Grades .............................................................................. 3-21 3.A.2 Minimum Grades For Drainage ........................................................ 3-21 3.A.3 Critical Length of Grade .................................................................... 3-21 3.A.4 Climbing Lanes .................................................................................. 3-21 3.B Vertical Curves ................................................................................................ 3-23 3.B.1 Vertical Curve Computations ........................................................... 3-23 3.B.2 Design ................................................................................................ 3-25 3.C Crest Vertical Curves ...................................................................................... 3-31 3.C.1 Stopping Sight Distance ................................................................... 3-31 3.C.2 Two Lane, Two-Way Roadways - Passing Sight Distance .............. 3-32 3.D Sag Vertical Curves ......................................................................................... 3-33 3.D.1 Stopping Sight Distance ................................................................... 3-33 3.D.2 Comfort Criteria ................................................................................. 3-37 3.D.3 Underpass Sight Distance ................................................................ 3-37 3.D.4 Vertical Curve with Obstructions ..................................................... 3-37 3.D.4.a Minimum Vertical Clearances for Overhead Facilities ............... 3-37 3.E Roller-Coaster Profile ...................................................................................... 3-38 4. COMBINATION OF HORIZONTAL AND VERTICAL ALIGNMENT ............................... 3-38 5. ALIGNMENT DESIGN VALUES .................................................................................... 3-39 5.A Horizontal Alignment ....................................................................................... 3-39 5.A.1 Station Equations .............................................................................. 3-39 5.B Vertical Alignment ........................................................................................... 3-39 6. REFERENCES ............................................................................................................... 3-40

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