Roadway Design Manual Nebraska Department Of Transportation

35.7 MB·English

by  Nebraska Department of Transportation

Roadway Design
Manual

Nebraska Department of
Transportation

TABLE OF CONTENTS

INTRODUCTION ......................................................................................................................... I
CHAPTER ONE ROADWAY DESIGN STANDARDS ..............................................1-1
CHAPTER TWO ROADWAY DESIGN PROCESS ...................................................2-1
CHAPTER THREE ROADWAY ALIGNMENT ..............................................................3-1
CHAPTER FOUR INTERSECTIONS, DRIVEWAYS and CHANNELIZATION ...........4-1
CHAPTER FIVE INTERSTATES, GRADE SEPARATIONS, AND
INTERCHANGES ......................................................................5-1
CHAPTER SIX THE TYPICAL ROADWAY CROSS-SECTION..............................6-1
CHAPTER SEVEN EARTHWORK ...............................................................................7-1
CHAPTER EIGHT SURFACING ..................................................................................8-1
CHAPTER NINE GUARDRAIL AND ROADSIDE BARRIERS ..................................9-1
CHAPTER TEN MISCELLANEOUS DESIGN ISSUES ......................................... 10-1
CHAPTER ELEVEN HIGHWAY PLANS ASSEMBLY .................................................. 11-1
CHAPTER TWELVE COST ESTIMATING & FUNDING ............................................... 12-1
CHAPTER THIRTEEN PLANNING AND PROJECT DEVELOPMENT ............................ 13-1
CHAPTER FOURTEEN TRAFFIC...................................................................................... 14-1
CHAPTER FIFTEEN RIGHT-OF-WAY .......................................................................... 15-1
CHAPTER SIXTEEN PEDESTRIAN AND BICYCLE FACILITIES ................................. 16-1
CHAPTER SEVENTEEN RESURFACING, RESTORATION AND REHABILITATION
(3) PROJECTS ......................................................................... 17-1
APPENDIX A PROJECT NUMBERING SYSTEM ............................................... A-1
APPENDIX B SELECTED NDOR OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS
DOT-OI 45-1, Utility Rehabilitation Negotiations ................ B-1
DOT-OI 45-2, Utility and Railroad Payments ....................... B-3
DOT-OI 45-5, Agreements .................................................... B-5
DOT-OI 45-6, Delegation of Authority .................................. B-9
DOT-OI 60-9, Corridor Protection ...................................... B-15
DOT-OI 60-10, ADA Accessibility Requirements in
Transportation Projects ...................................................... B-19
DOT-OI 60-11, Municipal Cost Sharing ................................ B-29
DOT-OI 60-12, Cost Sharing for Local Roads Crossing
Freeways and Expressways ............................................... B-41
DOT-OI 60-13, Relinquishment of Roads from the
Highway System .................................................................. B-43
DOT-OI 60-16, Policy for Phase Constructed 3R Projects . B-49
DOT-OI 60-19, Use of Proprietary and State Furnished
Items ..................................................................................... B-51
APPENDIX C PUBLIC INTEREST LETTERS ..................................................... C-1
APPENDIX D REQUIREMENTS TO PROVIDE CURB RAMPS .......................... D-1
APPENDIX E RURAL INTERCHANGES ............................................................ E-1
APPENDIX F SURVEY / PLAN ACCURACY ..................................................... F-1
APPENDIX G DEGREE OF CURVATURE .......................................................... G-1
APPENDIX H APPLICATION OF DESIGN STANDARDS .................................. H-1
APPENDIX I INSTALLATION OF THE BEVELED EDGE .................................. I-1
GLOSSARY ............................................................................................................................... I
INDEX ................................................................................................................................ i

TABLE OF CONTENTS

CHAPTER ONE
ROADWAY DESIGN STANDARDS

1. STATUTORY AUTHORITY .............................................................................................1-1

2. DESIGN STANDARDS .....................................................................................................1-2

3. HIGHWAY CLASSIFICATION ..........................................................................................1-2
3.A Classification .....................................................................................................1-2
3.A.1 National Highway Functional Classification Map (Nebraska) ..........1-3
3.A.2 State Highway Functional Classification Map (Nebraska) ................1-3

4. HIGHWAY SYSTEMS ......................................................................................................1-8
4.A Interstate System ...............................................................................................1-8
4.B National Highway System (NHS) ......................................................................1-8
4.C Strategic Highway Network (STRAHNET) ........................................................1-8
4.D National Highway Freight Network ...................................................................1-9
4.E Nebraska Expressway System ....................................................................... 1-10
4.F Nebraska Priority Commercial System .......................................................... 1-10
4.G Nebraska 28 Foot Top System ........................................................................ 1-10
4.H Other Nebraska State Highways ..................................................................... 1-10

5. CAPITAL IMPROVEMENT VS SYSTEM PRESERVATION ........................................... 1-11

6. APPLICATION OF DESIGN CRITERIA ......................................................................... 1-11
6.A New and Reconstructed Criteria ..................................................................... 1-11
6.B Resurfacing, Restoration and Rehabilitation (3R) Criteria............................ 1-12
6.B.1 Bridge Rehabilitation (3R) Work ....................................................... 1-13
6.C Maintenance Projects ...................................................................................... 1-13
6.C.1 Routine Maintenance ........................................................................ 1-13
6.C.1.a Routine Bridge Maintenance Activities ....................................... 1-13
6.C.2 Preventive Maintenance .................................................................... 1-14
6.C.2.a Bridge Preventive Maintenance Activities .................................. 1-14
6.D Safety Improvement Projects.......................................................................... 1-16

7. DESIGN CONTROLS ..................................................................................................... 1-17
7.A Design Year Forecast Traffic .......................................................................... 1-17
7.B Design Speed ................................................................................................... 1-17
7.C Sight Distance .................................................................................................. 1-17
7.D Terrain .............................................................................................................. 1-17
7.E Roadside Design .............................................................................................. 1-18
7.F Rural/ Municipal ............................................................................................... 1-18
7.G Access Control ................................................................................................ 1-19
8. THE CONTROLLING DESIGN CRITERIA ..................................................................... 1-20
8.A NDOT Non-Controlling Design Criteria .......................................................... 1-21
8.B Nominal Shoulder Width for Lateral Offset to Obstruction ........................... 1-22
8.B.1 Highways With an ADT < 400 VPD ................................................... 1-22
8.B.2 Highways With an ADT ≥ 400 VPD ................................................... 1-22
8.C NDOT Desirable Design Guidance.................................................................. 1-25

9. NDOT FORM 76 ............................................................................................................. 1-27
9.A Instructions For Completing NDOT Form 76 ................................................. 1-27
9.A.1 Sources .............................................................................................. 1-27
9.A.2 Instructions ........................................................................................ 1-27

10. DEPARTURE FROM STANDARDS ............................................................................... 1-31
10.A Design Exceptions for Projects on the NHS and
for Projects of Division Interest ...................................................................... 1-31
10.A.1 Oversight Authority for Departure from Standards ........................ 1-31
10.A.2 Design Exception Documentation for PoDIs for Design................. 1-31
10.B Design Relaxations of the MDS ...................................................................... 1-32
10.C Procedure for When Desirable Conditions Cannot be Attained ................... 1-33

11. REFERENCES ............................................................................................................... 1-36
TABLE OF CONTENTS

CHAPTER TWO
ROADWAY DESIGN PROCESS

1. DESIGN PROCESS OUTLINE .........................................................................................2-1

2. ENGINEERING REVIEW (ACTIVITY 5202) .....................................................................2-2

3. INITIAL PROJECT REVIEW AND SETUP (ACTIVITY 5308) ...........................................2-2

4. PRELIMINARY ALIGNMENT DESIGN FOR BRIDGE HYDRAULICS
(ACTIVITY 5306/5312) ......................................................................................................2-4

5. PRELIMINARY ROADWAY DESIGN (ACTIVITY 5307/5309) ..........................................2-4
5.A Obtain Preliminary Data ....................................................................................2-4
5.B Project Scope Review and Scoping Changes .................................................2-5
5.C Begin Preliminary Design..................................................................................2-6
5.D Request Information from Other Divisions ......................................................2-6
5.E Drainage .............................................................................................................2-8
5.F Initiate Special Investigations ...........................................................................2-8
5.F.1 Additional Survey ................................................................................2-8
5.F.2 Traffic Engineering Review .................................................................2-8
5.G Aerial Photo Sheet Preparation ........................................................................2-9
5.H Utilities on Urban Projects ................................................................................2-9
5.I Preliminary Access Control Determination......................................................2-9
5.J Review Design Checklist ...................................................................................2-9

6. COST UPDATE 1 - STATUS 30 (ACTIVITY 5403) ......................................................... 2-10

7. DESIGN PLAN-IN-HAND (PIH) (ACTIVITY 5315) .......................................................... 2-10
7.A Plan-in-Hand Plans .......................................................................................... 2-10
7.B Plan-in-Hand Plan Distribution ....................................................................... 2-11
7.C Conduct the Plan-in-Hand Inspection ............................................................ 2-11

8. PIH REPORT (ACTIVITY 5318/5338) ............................................................................. 2-12

9. ROADWAY FUNCTIONAL DESIGN (ACTIVITY 5316/5326) ......................................... 2-12
9.A Special Provisions ........................................................................................... 2-13
9.B Initiate Agreements.......................................................................................... 2-13
9.B.1 City Agreements ................................................................................ 2-13
9.B.2 Irrigation Agreements ....................................................................... 2-14
9.B.3 Railroad Agreements ........................................................................ 2-14
9.C Design Access Control .................................................................................... 2-14
9.D Receive Additional Documentation ................................................................ 2-15
9.E Notifications ..................................................................................................... 2-15
9.F Design Relaxations .......................................................................................... 2-15
9.G Submit Functional Plans ................................................................................. 2-15

10. COVENANT RELINQUISHMENT AGREEMENT ........................................................... 2-16
11. COST UPDATE 2 -STATUS 40 (ACTIVITY 5406) .......................................................... 2-16

12. DESIGN PREPARATION FOR PUBLIC HEARINGS (ACTIVITY 5323/5324) ................ 2-17
12.A Public Hearings ................................................................................................ 2-17
12.B Highway Commission Statement .................................................................... 2-19
12.C Public Meetings ............................................................................................... 2-19
12.C.1 Public Information Meetings ............................................................. 2-21
12.C.2 City and/or County Officials Meeting ............................................... 2-22
12.C.3 Property Owners Pre-Hearing .......................................................... 2-22

13. ROADWAY DESIGN (ACTIVITY 5325/5327) ................................................................. 2-25

14. ROADWAY DESIGN REVIEW/LIMITS OF CONSTRUCTION PLANS
(ACTIVITY 5335/5336) ................................................................................................... 2-25
14.A Limits of Construction Plans .......................................................................... 2-25
14.B Other Tasks in Activity 5335 ........................................................................... 2-26

15. COST UPDATE 3 - STATUS 45 (ACTIVITY 5408) ......................................................... 2-26

16. DESIGN REVIEW SUPPORT PROCESSES (ACTIVITY 5340) ...................................... 2-27

17. PRELIMINARY RIGHT-OF-WAY PLAN REVIEW (ACTIVITY 5345) .............................. 2-27
17.A Removal Items and Notes ............................................................................... 2-27

18. DESIGN PLANS TO UTILITIES UNIT (ACTIVITY 5350) ................................................ 2-28

19. INFORMATION MEETING PRIOR TO APPRAISAL AND
ACQUISITION (ACTIVITY 5314) .................................................................................... 2-28

20. CHANGES TO FINAL DESIGN (ACTIVITY 5355/5357) ................................................. 2-28
20.A Check on Other Agreements ........................................................................... 2-28

21. FINAL RELINQUISHMENT AGREEMENT (FRA) .......................................................... 2-29

22. PREPARATION OF FINAL PLANS PACKAGE/FINAL PLAN REVIEW FOR PS&E
(ACTIVITY 5369/5368) ................................................................................................... 2-31
22.A Assemble Project Data .................................................................................... 2-31
22.B Check Earthwork and Notes ........................................................................... 2-32
22.C Checking Plans for Conflicts .......................................................................... 2-32
22.D Final Plan Review for PS&E ............................................................................ 2-33

23. POST LETTING SUPPORT AND PLAN REVISION (ACTIVITY 5375/5376) ................. 2-33
23.A Changes to the Design Plans ......................................................................... 2-33
23.A.1 Plan Revisions ................................................................................... 2-34

24. ARCHIVING THE PROJECT FILE ................................................................................. 2-35

25. REFERENCES ............................................................................................................... 2-36
TABLE OF CONTENTS

CHAPTER THREE
ROADWAY ALIGNMENT

1. SIGHT DISTANCE ...........................................................................................................3-1

2. HORIZONTAL ALIGNMENT DESIGN ..............................................................................3-1
2.A Horizontal Curvature .........................................................................................3-2
2.A.1 Simple Curves .....................................................................................3-2
2.A.2 Reverse Curves ...................................................................................3-2
2.A.3 Compound Curves ..............................................................................3-2
2.A.4 Broken Back Curves ...........................................................................3-2
2.A.5 Spiral Transition Curves .....................................................................3-2
2.B Superelevation ...................................................................................................3-4
2.B.1 Transition Lengths ..............................................................................3-5
2.B.2 Axis of Rotation ...................................................................................3-5
2.B.3 Smoothing of Pavement Edge Profile ................................................3-6
2.C Pavement Widening on Curves (Off-tracking) .................................................3-6

3. VERTICAL ALIGNMENT DESIGN ................................................................................. 3-20
3.A Grades .............................................................................................................. 3-21
3.A.1 Maximum Grades .............................................................................. 3-21
3.A.2 Minimum Grades For Drainage ........................................................ 3-21
3.A.3 Critical Length of Grade .................................................................... 3-21
3.A.4 Climbing Lanes .................................................................................. 3-21
3.B Vertical Curves ................................................................................................ 3-23
3.B.1 Vertical Curve Computations ........................................................... 3-23
3.B.2 Design ................................................................................................ 3-25
3.C Crest Vertical Curves ...................................................................................... 3-31
3.C.1 Stopping Sight Distance ................................................................... 3-31
3.C.2 Two Lane, Two-Way Roadways - Passing Sight Distance .............. 3-32
3.D Sag Vertical Curves ......................................................................................... 3-33
3.D.1 Stopping Sight Distance ................................................................... 3-33
3.D.2 Comfort Criteria ................................................................................. 3-37
3.D.3 Underpass Sight Distance ................................................................ 3-37
3.D.4 Vertical Curve with Obstructions ..................................................... 3-37
3.D.4.a Minimum Vertical Clearances for Overhead Facilities ............... 3-37
3.E Roller-Coaster Profile ...................................................................................... 3-38

4. COMBINATION OF HORIZONTAL AND VERTICAL ALIGNMENT ............................... 3-38

5. ALIGNMENT DESIGN VALUES .................................................................................... 3-39
5.A Horizontal Alignment ....................................................................................... 3-39
5.A.1 Station Equations .............................................................................. 3-39
5.B Vertical Alignment ........................................................................................... 3-39

6. REFERENCES ............................................................................................................... 3-40