River mechanics

456 Pages·2002·13.736 MB·English

by  Pierre Y. Julien

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Rivermechanics
This textbook offers a thorough mechanical analysis of rivers from
uplandareastooceans.Itscrutinizesstate-of-the-artmethods,under-
liningboththeoryandengineeringapplications.
Eachchapterincludesapresentationoffundamentalprinciples,fol-
lowedwithanengineeringanalysisandinstructiveproblems,exam-
ples, and case studies illustrating engineering design. The emphasis
is on riverequilibrium, riverdynamics, bank stabilization, and river
engineering. Channel stability and river dynamics are examined in
termsofrivermorphology,lateralmigration,aggradation,anddegra-
dation.Thetextprovidesadetailedtreatmentofriverbankstabilization
andengineeringmethods.Separatechapterscoverphysicalandmathe-
maticalmodelsofrivers.Thistextbookalsocontainsessentialreading
forunderstandingthemechanicsbehindtheformationandpropagation
of devastating floods, and offers knowledge crucial to the design of
appropriatecountermeasurestoreducefloodimpact,preventbankero-
sion,improvenavigation,increasewatersupply,andmaintainsuitable
aquatichabitat.
Morethan100exercises(includingcomputerproblems)andnearly
20casestudiesenhancegraduate-studentlearning,whileresearchers
andpractitionersseekingbroadtechnicalexpertisewillfinditavalu-
ablereference.
Pierre Y. Julien is Professor of Civil Engineering at Colorado State
University.

River mechanics
PIERRE Y. JULIEN
  
Cambridge, New York, Melbourne, Madrid, Cape Town, Singapore, São Paulo
Cambridge University Press
The Edinburgh Building, Cambridge  , United Kingdom
Published in the United States of America by Cambridge University Press, New York
www.cambridge.org
Information on this title: www.cambridge.org/9780521562843
© Cambridge University Press 2002
This book is in copyright. Subject to statutory exception and to the provision of
relevant collective licensing agreements, no reproduction of any part may take place
without the written permission of Cambridge University Press.
First published in print format 2002
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Dedicated to
Helga and Patrick

Contents
Preface pagexi
Notation xiii
1 Introductiontorivermechanics 1
2 Physicalpropertiesandequations 9
2.1. Dimensionsandunits 9
2.2. Propertiesofwater 10
2.3. Propertiesofsediment 13
2.4. Riverflowkinematics 22
2.5. Conservationofmass 24
2.6. Equationsofmotion 25
2.7. Hydraulicandenergygradelines 27
3 Riverbasins 31
3.1. River-basincharacteristics 31
3.2. Rainfallprecipitation 35
3.3. Interceptionandinfiltration 46
3.4. Excessrainfall 51
3.5. Surfacerunoff 53
3.6. Upland-erosionlosses 63
3.7. Sedimentsourceandyield 72
4 Steadyflowinrivers 79
4.1. Steadyriverflow 79
4.2. Steady-nonuniformriverflow 97
4.3. Sedimenttransportinrivers 111
5 Unsteadyflowinrivers 122
5.1. Rivercontinuityequation 122
5.2. Rivermomentumequations 126
5.3. Riverfloodwaves 130
vii
viii Contents
5.4. Loop-ratingcurves 136
5.5. Riverfloodrouting 139
5.6. Riverflowandsediment-durationcurves 142
6 Riverequilibrium 158
6.1. Particlestability 158
6.2. Channelstability 163
6.3. Regimerelationships 165
6.4. Equilibriuminriverbends 166
6.5. Downstreamhydraulicgeometry 170
6.6. Barsinalluvialrivers 177
6.7. Rivermeandering 179
6.8. Lateralrivermigration 184
7 Riverdynamics 199
7.1. Riverdynamics 199
7.2. Riverbeddegradation 204
7.3. Riverbedaggradation 214
7.4. Riverconfluencesandbranches 221
7.5. Riverdatabases 226
8 Riverstabilization 234
8.1. Riverbankstability 234
8.2. Riverbankripraprevetment 238
8.3. Riverbankprotection 253
8.4. Riverflow-controlstructures 267
8.5. Riverbankengineering 282
9 Riverengineering 286
9.1. Riverfloodcontrol 286
9.2. Riverclosure 297
9.3. Canalheadworks 306
9.4. Bridgescour 310
9.5. Navigationwaterways 316
9.6. Dredging 325
10 Physicalrivermodels 334
10.1. Hydraulicsimilitude 334
10.2. Rigid-bedmodel 337
10.3. Mobile-bedrivermodels 342