Ripening times based on the Adelaide Hills. - Balhannah Nurseries

44 Pages·2013·7.17 MB·English

Index i
Index
Welcome to Flowering
Balhannah Nurseries 1 Ornamentals 30
Almonds ...............................30
A Guide for Cherries ................................30
Our Customers 2 Crab Apples ..........................30
Deliveries .............................2 Pears .....................................31
Non-warranty .......................3 Plums ....................................31
Ripening dates ......................3
Multiplication block .............3
New varieties .......................3 Feature Trees 32
Disclaimer ............................3 Ash (Fraxinus) .....................32
Birch (Betula) .......................32
For Your Information 4 Elm (Ulmus) .........................32
Where do I plant my tree? ...4 Gleditsia ...............................32
Buying your trees .................4 Koelreuteria ..........................33
Tree care ...............................4 Maples (Acer) ......................33
Planting ................................4 Plane Trees (Platanus) ..........33
Multiple planting ..................5 Pistacia ..................................33
Central leader .......................5 Liquidambar ..........................33
Espalier .................................5 Jacaranda ...............................34
Pruning your trees ................5 Sapium...................................34
When to fertilise ...................5 Oak (Quercus) .......................34
About pollination .................6 Cercis.....................................34
Summer care .......................6 Robinia ..................................34
Fruit thinning .......................6
Picking your fruit .................6 Standard &
Storing your fruit .................6 Weeping Trees 35
The chill factor .....................6 Cherries ................................35
For more information ...........6 Mulberry ................................35
Robinia .................................35
Fruit Varieties 7
Ripening Times .....................7 Grapevines 36
Almonds ................................8
Apples ...................................9 Pests and Diseases 37
Apricots .................................12 Aphids, woolly .....................37
Cherries .................................14 Aphids, peach & cherry .......37
Nectarines ..............................16 Bitter pit ...............................37
Peaches ..................................18 Black spot .............................37
Pears ......................................22 Brown rot .............................37
Plums .....................................26 Cherry slug ...........................37
Codlin moth .........................38
Minor Fruits 28 Curl leaf ...............................38
Loquat ..................................28 Gummosis ............................38
Persimmon ...........................28 Powdery mildew ..................39
Plumcot ................................28 Red spider ...........................39
Prunes ...................................29 Thrips ...................................39
Quinces .................................29 Chemical safety ....................39
1 Welcome to Balhannah Nurseries
Welcome

t o B alhannah
Nurseries
at Charleston

Nestled in the Adelaide Hills, Balhannah Nurseries is
continuing the tradition of nurturing some of the finest varieties
of deciduous fruit and ornamental trees in South Australia.
Begun during the pioneering days of 1867 when founder
Charles Pitt established one of the State’s first nurseries,
the nursery was carried into the next century by Henry
Wicks. For over 100 years Balhannah Nurseries has been
renowned both as a frontrunner in the industry as well as for its
excellence in quality.
Today, Balhannah Nurseries is be able to make a valuable, indeed
under the umbrella of the Joyce necessary contribution.
family—one of the largest names in the The Joyce family says “thank
Australian apple growing industry— you” for supporting a traditional
Top: Golden Ash
and is still continuing the legacy of South Australian family owned
Bottom: PinkabelleTM Apples
this horticultural industry icon. company.
Planting trees is a great Balhannah Nurseries is
Australian family tradition and an committed to providing the highest
investment in the quality of life of quality of service and product into
our community. We are proud to the future.
BALHANNAH NURSERIES
NURSERY: 159A Hartmann Road, Charleston, South Australia
TELEPHONE: [phone]
FACSIMILE: [phone]
POSTAL: PO Box 83, Charleston SA 5244
EMAIL: [email protected]
WEB: www.balhannahnurseries.com.au
BALHANNAH NURSERIES 2
At
Balhannah
Nurseries
we pride
ourselves on
quality and
service
Every possible care is taken to ensure our trees are maintained at a consistent size and quality.
A Guide for our Customers
Despite being one of the Balhannah Nurseries prides Please consider the following
largest nurseries of its kind, itself in continuously keeping information regarding
Balhannah Nurseries gives abreast with world-wide your trees from Balhannah
careful attention to all 250 and national trends whilst Nurseries.
varieties presented to provide keeping focussed on ensuring
Deliveries
you with the finest quality the species we grow are
Each year in winter our
possible. This catalogue well adapted to our local field grown trees are dug and
supplied to Retail Nurseries and
offers a fabulous array of environment. Commercial fruit growers. Home
gardeners can expect the new
varieties, with numerous We thank our numerous season’s trees to be available from
retail outlets by about the long
others available upon clients who have made it weekend in June. For those who
like to plant at other times, potted
request. Simply possible to maintain the stock is available all year for your
convenience.
contact our proficient and broadest range of fruit trees
knowledgeable staff to in South Australia. We trust
assist you. we can be of tremendous
service for many years
to come.
3 A Guide for Our Customers
Non-warranty
For the first time in many years,
We can assure you every Balhannah Nurseries is pleased to
possible care is taken when be adding blueberries to its range.
delivering trees from this The Blueberry Burst® produces
nursery. However, we do not king-size berries and plenty of
give warranty—expressed or them! An excellent addition to the
implied—as to their growth, home garden.
New varieties
description or productivity. We
cannot bear responsibility for Balhannah Nurseries proudly In the future Balhannah
any amount greater than that boasts a great selection of fruit trees Nurseries anticipates the addition
actually paid should a tree prove for the home gardener – we are of dwarf plums, cherries, pears and
to be untrue to its label. If these pleased to broaden our collection apples – further complementing our
terms are unacceptable, the goods with the new PlantNetTM range of comprehensive fruit tree range.
must be returned immediately to premier Home Gardener fruit tree
Balhannah Nurseries. releases. Already well-established To stay up to date with new
in South Australian gardens are products as they are released, see
Ripening dates
the dwarf Pink Lady Pinkabelle®, our website at:
Fruit ripens at different rates the flat peach Angel PeachTM, and www.balhannahnurseries.com.au
according to location and seasonal the prolific bearing Spring SatinTM
conditions. The ripening dates plumcot. More recently we have
listed in the catalogue are only added the fantastic flavoured
intended as a guide, and are based early season Fireball apricotTM,
on observations from the Adelaide and the Leprechaun®, a dwarf
Hills. Granny Smith apple to complement
In warmer regions such as the PinkabelleTM.
Adelaide Plains and the Riverland In 2013 there is an exciting new
you can expect an earlier harvest. range of dwarf stonefruit due for Disclaimer
release. These dwarf ‘Backyard
Multiplication block
Beauties®’ include some great old We have taken as much
Balhannah Nurseries is proud of favourites such as the Moorpark care as possible in the
the fact it is one of the few nurseries apricot and the O’Henry peach, as presentation of this catalogue,
to have always maintained a bud well as some fresh new cultivars but we must stress the
multiplication block. This allows us including the TuscanyTM white information is purely a guide.
to fully trial a variety for trueness to fleshed nectarine and the FresnoTM It has been gathered from
type before using the budwood. yellow fleshed peach. Look for the our own observations, and
Every care is taken to ensure Backyard Beauties® logo. literature received about new
varieties produced are true to type, varieties, all in good faith.
and are of the highest health status. Balhannah Nurseries, or any
We have well in excess of 1000 of its employees, disclaim all
trees on our block, which is responsibility for any damage,
being increased each year as new loss, costs or harm resulting
varieties are released. from the use of all or part of
the information contained in
this catalogue should it be
incomplete or incorrect.
BALHANNAH NURSERIES 4
Here is a list of helpful hints
from Balhannah Nurseries
to help you achieve the
best results in planting and
growing your ornamental
“Pink Lady” apples on the tree
and fruit trees.
For Your Information
Where do I plant my tree?
At Balhannah Nurseries our policy is to
Successful fruit growing in the
garden begins with careful site
continually improve our products and service
selection, preparation and correct
tree planting. These steps influence
to guarantee your total satisfaction.
the productivity of your tree.
Soil type, drainage, shade and
shelter should be considered. The
tolerance of different tree species Balhannah Nurseries is proudly a It is not necessary to plant
to these factors dictates where member. dormant trees immediately
each species should be planted in provided the roots are kept damp
the home garden. continuously. If planting is to be
Mediterranean fruits like done within several days simply
almonds, apricots, figs, nectarines, cover the roots with wet straw, soil
and peaches prefer warm situations This body promotes gardening or sawdust.
with plenty of sunshine and well- tips and advice for public interest.
Planting
drained soils. These associations help ensure
Sites that may become a high quality product and Carefully remove the packaging
waterlogged during winter and professional advice. from your tree and lightly trim
spring should be avoided to prevent When selecting varieties, any damaged roots. Dig a hole
the development of root rot. consideration should be given at least twice the total size of the
Cool climate crops like apples, to ripening dates and cross root system and mound the soil
pears, plums and quinces tolerate pollination requirements. These are slightly at the bottom of the hole.
wetter, cooler and more shady listed beside each variety in this Spread the tree roots evenly over
conditions. Cherries, however, catalogue and are summarised on the mound. If necessary, adjust the
don’t like wet feet. page 7. soil height by replacing some of the
top soil so the bud union remains
Buying your trees Tree Care
above the ground level. Stamp the
Buying trees is an investment The planting season for bare- remaining soil firmly in around
in your future, providing fresh root fruit trees starts in early the roots to ensure good contact
fruit to eat, summer shade and June and continues through to between the roots and the soil. For
deciduous trees allow light to August. Potted trees are available good measure, sprinkle a handful of
penetrate in Winter when their all throughout the year. In the slow release fertiliser on top of the
leaves drop. Adelaide Hills and the South-East soil around the trunk, but be careful
Your purchase of plants, shrubs planting is best carried out after the not to allow the tree roots or trunk
and trees should be made from worst of winter is over as newly to be in direct contact with the
nurseries displaying the emblem planted trees can become a victim fertiliser as it may burn them.
of the Nursery & Garden Industry of excessively wet conditions.
of South Australia, of which
5 For Your Information
Espalier
This method allows for the
growing of fruit along a wall or
a fence. It needs more attention,
however, than conventional
methods and therefore should only
be attempted by the avid gardener.
It is not recommended to espalier
along a metal fence as the reflected
heat that is generated will scorch
the tree (if only a metal fence
is available erect a trellis about
Espalier
30–40 cm away from the fence
to allow air circulation). Training
wires should be placed before light summer and winter pruning
planting the trees, with the first wire to remove some of the vertical
being 45 cm above the ground. growth. It is not a good idea to let
A four or five metre tree spacing the tree crop too much while it is
Multiple Planting…note the butt sizes
is recommended. Vertical support being trained. It is best to allow the
and growth are of similar vigour.
droppers may be required at tree to cover the trellis as quickly
intervals of about 90–100 cm. Pull as possible. With careful attention
It is difficult to advise on the two branches down that correspond and patience the espaliered tree will
distance required between trees when to the height of the first wire and reward you with ample amounts
planting because much depends on tie them along the wire. Cut the of fruit, and may be used to hide
available space, growth habit, etc. otherwise unsightly areas.
Generally, three or four metres is
Pruning your trees
ideal if the trees are to be grown in
a vase-shape. If room is restricted A proportion of the root system
consider multiple planting, central is lost during the lifting process from
leader, and espalier methods. the nursery bed. To compensate
and restore balance between the
Multiple planting
top growth and the root system,
Plant three trees (as pictured pruning is essential. The limbs of
above) in the same hole about 30cm your tree should be shortened back
apart. Good results can be obtained about half to one-third of their total
by judicious pruning to prevent too length, cutting always to an outside
much inter-weaving of the branches. bud. This hard pruning is carried
Prune the three trees as if they were out only in this first year, and
one, removing branches in the centre thereafter only minimal pruning is
triangle. A dwarfing effect and earlier needed by most fruit trees.
fruit will result because the trees
When to fertilise
are in competition with each other.
Central Leader
Feed and water weaker trees to help Fruit trees will generally receive
compete with stronger varieties. enough nutrients from animal
tree at the second wire and train manure, but if this is unavailable
Central leader
the top three buds – the lower two a complete mineral mix or organic
This method will also allow horizontally along the second wire, application will be adequate.
several trees to be planted close freeing the top bud to continue Fertilise during spring and again in
together. Trees can be planted as its growth upwards (making an late summer.
close as 1.5 metres. Do not prune the extension of the main trunk). Other
leader. Contrary to what you may shoots should be removed. As these
think, by not pruning the central lower buds grow they are gently
leader the tree will not grow to an tied along the length of the wire
enormous size. In fact, it will be while the top bud continues its
smaller with more fruit production at growth upwards until it reaches the
an earlier age. Tie the lateral growth next horizontal wire. The process
out at about 60° to promote fruiting. is then repeated until the tree has
reached the full height of the trellis.
After about five years the tree
will have covered the trellis, and
all that is needed now is for some
BALHANNAH NURSERIES 6
About pollination Fruit thinning Storing your fruit
Apricots, peaches and nectarines It is essential to remove some Fruit can be kept in the
don’t require pollination, and of the fruit within six weeks of refrigerator from several weeks to
some plums like Satsuma appear blossoming. This prevents the tree months depending on the variety.
to be sufficiently self-fertile for from biennial cropping, and also Fruit should be mature, but not
home garden purposes. Pollination produces better quality fruit. Large over-ripe if storing for a length
requirements for other varieties are clusters of three or four fruits of time. The ideal temperature is
listed under their descriptions in this should be reduced to singles. 1–2° C, but fridge temperature
catalogue. is acceptable. Wrap the fruit
in ventilated poly bags so the
moisture is retained inside the bag.
Do not store damaged or bruised
fruit for a long time as it will break
down rapidly.
The chill factor
This is determined by the
number of hours below 10° C
during the dormancy period.
This period of time is required to
initiate strong fruit development,
and varies between fruit varieties.
Poor and prolonged flowering,
along with uncharacteristically
shaped fruit, are common problems
where insufficient chilling has
been achieved.
For more information
For additional information
relating to cultural practices
and help growing trees, home
gardeners may connect with:
• Rare Fruit Society SA Inc.
Tel: [phone] or
www.rarefruit-sa.org.au
Nectarine “Fantasia”
• South Australia’s own
quarterly gardening
magazine, available FREE
Summer care Picking your fruit
in retail garden centres -
The main consideration is to Fruit is generally ready for ‘South Australin Garden and
ensure the trees have ample water picking when the background Oudoor Living’. Back issues
to encourage deep rooting. Deep colour turns from dark green to also available at www.
gardenandoutdoorliving.com
soaking less frequently will yield pale green to yellow. As the fruit
the best results. ripens it will break away from the
Recommended local gardening
A dish-shaped trough or trench stem more easily. Care should be
radio programmes include:
well dug around the tree about taken when picking the fruit as
• 891 ABC Adelaide
two-thirds of a metre in diameter many varieties bruise easily and
and filled with mulch will stop the will then be unsuitable for storage. Jon Lamb
summer weeds and greatly reduce Do not squeeze the fruit with your Saturdays
the frequency of watering. fingers.
Malcolm Campbell
Summer pruning of some Fruit that is to be stored for Sundays
varieties will help suppress vigour, some time should be picked before
• 1395 5AA Adelaide
assisting the production of fruit it ripens. Do not pick the fruit
buds. It will also reduce the need to too early as it will tend to shrivel Michael Keelan
prune during winter. without ripening properly. Saturdays & Sundays
Or visit our website at
www.balhannahnurseries.com.au
7 Ripening Times
Fruit Varieties
Ripening Times
ALMONDS LOqUATS PEARS
All in One Late January Chatsworth Victory Late November Duchess (WBC) Early February
Californian Papershell Late January Enormity Late November Sensation (Red Duchess) Mid February
Ne Plus Ultra Early February Packham’s Triumph Late February
NASHI
Beurre Bosc Late February
APPLES
20th Century Late February Lemon Bergamot Early March
Royal Gala Late February Ya Li Late March Josephine Late March
Jonathon Early March Corella Late March
NECTARINES
Red Jonathon Early March Ya Li Late March
Red Delicious Mid March Crimson Baby Late November
Dwarf Red Delicious Mid March Royal Gem™ Early December
PERSIMMONS
Golden Delicious Mid March Cardinal Late December
Dwarf Golden Del Mid March Firebrite Late December Fuyu March/April
Cox’s Orange Pippin End March Valley Gold™ Early January
S PLUMS
E Red Fuji Mid April Peacharine Late January
I European
T Pinkabelle™ Late April Flavortop Late January
E Granny Smith Late April Fantasia Late January Angelina Burdett Early February
I
R Leprechaun™ Late April Sunset™ Nectarine Late Jan-Early Feb Green Gage Late February
A
V Pink Lady Early May Tuscany™ Early February Coes Golden Drop Late February
Lady William Late May Goldmine Mid February President Early March
T
I Sundowner Late May Fairlane Early March
U PLUMS
R
APRICOTS PEACHES
F Japanese
Fireball™ Late November Sunset™ Peach Late November Santa Rosa Late December
Glengarry Late November Angel Peach™ Early December Wickson Late January
Early Divinity Early December Springcrest Mid December Mariposa Mid February
Bulida Mid December Fresno™ Late December Satsuma Mid February
Storys Improved Late December Anzac Late December Stirling Mid February
Trevatt Late December Beale Late Dec-Early Jan Narrabeen Late February
Moorpark Early January Wiggins Early January Ruby Blood Late March
Hunter Mid January Valley Red™ Early January
PLUMCOT
Flavorcrest Early January
CHERRIES
Red Haven Early January Spring Satin™ Late November
Burgsdorf Mid November White Gold™ Mid January
PRUNES
Vista Late November Flamecrest Late January
Ron’s Seedling Early December Million Dollar Early February Spendour Late January
Napoleon Mid December Millicent Mid February Robe De Sargent Mid February
Van Mid December Elberta Mid February d’Agen Late February
Sunburst Mid December O’Henry Mid February
qUINCES
Stella Mid December Blackburn Elberta Mid February
Bing Mid December Golden Queen Mid March Pineapple Late March
Black Boy Mid December Late Red Italian Early April Smyrna Mid April
Morella Sour Late December
William’s Favourite Late December
Lapins Late December