Rhetorics of empire: Languages of colonial conflict after 1900 PDF
Preview Rhetorics of empire: Languages of colonial conflict after 1900
StudieS in imperialiSm General editor: andrew S. thompson FoundinG editor: John M. MacKenzie RhetoRics of empiRe RhetoRics R h Stirring language and appeals to collective action were integral to the e battles fought to defend empires and to destroy them. This collection t explores the rhetoric relating to empire and imperialism in a wide of empiRe o variety of geographic, political, social and cultural contexts. R Why did imperialist language remain so pervasive in Britain, France and i elsewhere throughout much of the twentieth century? What rhetorical c Languages of colonial conflict devices did political and military leaders, administrators, investors s and lobbyists use to justify colonial domination before domestic and after 1900 foreign audiences? And how far did their colonial opponents mobilize o a different rhetoric of rights and freedoms to challenge imperialist f discourse? These questions are at the heart of this collection, which e presents original essays from twelve contributors, plus an introductory m analysis of the empire-rhetoric phenomenon. p Chapters investigate the place of imperialist rhetoric in the history of i empire throughout the twentieth century. Issues examined include R discourses of imperialist modernization, and the language of colonial e ‘civilizing’, as well as the rhetorical justifications advanced for violent colonial practices. Essays range from the embittered rhetoric of the South African War and Theodore Roosevelt’s articulation of American imperialism in the early 1900s to the rhetorical battles surrounding European decolonization in the late twentieth century. The volume t thus offers insights into the distinctive traits of differing European t h and American imperial rhetoric and traces their imprint in domestic o o politics and culture. Addressing anti-imperial campaigns as well as the discourses of imperial assertion used by politicians, administrators and y M E settlers, the collection highlights the importance of rhetoric as a form a of contestation in the politics of empire. ( s E Martin Thomas is Professor of Imperial History at the University of Exeter d a Richard Toye is Professor of Modern History at the University of Exeter s n ) d ISBN 978-1-5261-2048-9 Cover image: Vintage World Map, 2015 © Michal Bednarek, bednarek-art.com Cover design: riverdesign.co.uk 9 781526 120489 EditEd by Martin thoMas www.manchesteruniversitypress.co.uk and richard t oyE General editor: Andrew S. Thompson Founding editor: John M. MacKenzie When the ‘Studies in Imperialism’ series was founded by Professor John M. MacKenzie more than thirty years ago, emphasis was laid upon the conviction that ‘imperialism as a cultural phenomenon had as signifi cant an effect on the dominant as on the subordinate societies’. With well over a hundred titles now published, this remains the prime concern of the series. Cross-disciplinary work has indeed appeared covering the full spectrum of cultural phenomena, as well as examining aspects of gender and sex, frontiers and law, science and the environment, language and literature, migration and patriotic societies, and much else. Moreover, the series has always wished to present comparative work on European and American imperialism, and particularly welcomes the submission of books in these areas. The fascination with imperialism, in all its aspects, shows no sign of abating, and this series will continue to lead the way in encouraging the widest possible range of studies in the fi eld. ‘Studies in Imperialism’ is fully organic in its development, always seeking to be at the cutting edge, responding to the latest interests of scholars and the needs of this ever-expanding area of scholarship. Rhetorics of empire THOMAS 9781526120489 PRINT.indd 1 28/06/2017 11:50 SELECTED TITLES AVAILABLE IN THE SERIES WRITING IMPERIAL HISTORIES ed. Andrew S. Thompson EMPIRE OF SCHOLARS Tamson Pietsch HISTORY, HERITAGE AND COLONIALISM Kynan Gentry COUNTRY HOUSES AND THE BRITISH EMPIRE Stephanie Barczewski THE RELIC STATE Pamila Gupta WE ARE NO LONGER IN FRANCE Allison Drew THE SUPPRESSION OF THE ATLANTIC SLAVE TRADE ed. Robert Burroughs and Richard Huzzey HEROIC IMPERIALISTS IN AFRICA Berny Sèbe THOMAS 9781526120489 PRINT.indd 2 28/06/2017 11:50 Rhetorics of empire languages of colonial conflict after 1900 Edited by Martin Thomas and Richard Toye MANCHESTER UNIVERSITY PRESS THOMAS 9781526120489 PRINT.indd 3 28/06/2017 11:50 Copyright © Manchester University Press 2017 While copyright in the volume as a whole is vested in Manchester University Press, copyright in individual chapters belongs to their respective authors, and no chapter may be reproduced wholly or in part without the express permission in writing of both author and publisher. Published by Manchester University Press Altrincham Street, Manchester M1 7JA Published by MANCHESTER UNIVERSITY PRESS ALTRINCHAM STREET, MANCHESTER M1 7JA www.manchesteruniversitypress.co.uk British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data applied for ISBN 978 1 5261 2048 9 hardback First published 2017 The publisher has no responsibility for the persistence or accuracy of URLs for any external or third-party internet websites referred to in this book, and does not guarantee that any content on such websites is, or will remain, accurate or appropriate. Typeset by Servis Filmsetting Ltd, Stockport, Cheshire THOMAS 9781526120489 PRINT.indd 4 28/06/2017 11:50 For Stuart Ward THOMAS 9781526120489 PRINT.indd 5 28/06/2017 11:50 THOMAS 9781526120489 PRINT.indd 6 28/06/2017 11:50 CONTENTS List of figures—page ix Notes on contributors—x Acknowledgements—xiii Introduction: rhetorics of empire 1 Martin Thomas and Richard Toye 1 ‘The people are grateful’: the discourse of modernization in the concentration camps of the South African War, 1899–1902 22 Elizabeth van Heyningen 2 ‘We don’t want a pirate empire’: imperial governance, the Transvaal Crisis and the anxieties of Liberal rhetoric on empire 39 Simon Mackley 3 Civilization, empire and humanity: Theodore Roosevelt’s second corollary to the Monroe Doctrine 58 Charlie Laderman 4 Franklin D. Roosevelt and America’s empire of anti- imperialism 75 Andrew Preston 5 ‘The real question at issue’: Mers el-Kébir and the rhetoric of imperial confrontation in July 1940 91 Rachel Chin 6 French late colonial rhetoric, ‘myth’ and imperial reason 108 Martin Shipway 7 ‘Boom! goes the Congo’: the rhetoric of control and Belgium’s late colonial state 121 Matthew Stanard 8 The hard side of soft power: Spanish rhetorics of empire from the 1950s to the 1970s 142 Andreas Stucki 9 Repression, reprisals and rhetorics of massacre in Algeria’s war 161 Martin Thomas [ vii ] THOMAS 9781526120489 PRINT.indd 7 28/06/2017 11:50 CONTENTS 10 Arguing about Hola Camp: the rhetorical consequences of a colonial massacre 187 Richard Toye 11 Extended families or bodily decomposition? Biological metaphors in the age of European decolonization 208 Elizabeth Buettner 12 Rhetoric of the realm: monarchy in New Zealand, political rhetoric and adjusting to the end of empire 228 H. Kumarasingham Index 249 [ viii ] THOMAS 9781526120489 PRINT.indd 8 28/06/2017 11:50 FIGURES 1 Berber women grieving over children’s corpses after a village massacre in Algeria, from the 1957 Algerian government booklet Mélouza et Wagram accusent page 168 2 The aftermath of the Mélouza massacre, Algeria (unattributed French press source) 180 Every effort has been made to obtain permission to reproduce copy- right material, and the publisher will be pleased to be informed of any errors and omissions for correction in future editions. [ ix ] THOMAS 9781526120489 PRINT.indd 9 28/06/2017 11:50
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