Rhetoric

501 Pages·2018·4.204 MB·English

by  Aristoteles;Reeve, C. D. C

Aristotle
Rhetoric
Translated
With Introduction and Notes
By
C. D. C. Reeve
Aristotle
Rhetoric
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Aristotle
Rhetoric
Translated
With an Introduction and Notes
By
C. D. C. Reeve
Hackett Publishing Company, Inc.
Indianapolis/Cambridge
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Copyright © 2018 by Hackett Publishing Company, Inc.
All rights reserved
Printed in the United States of America
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For further information, please address
Hackett Publishing Company, Inc.
P.O. Box 44937
Indianapolis, Indiana 46244-0937
www.hackettpublishing.com
Cover design Deborah Wilkes
Interior design by Elizabeth L. Wilson
Composition by Aptara, Inc.
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Names: Aristotle, author. | Reeve, C. D. C., 1948– translator.
Title: Rhetoric / translated with an introduction and notes by C.D.C. Reeve.
Other titles: Rhetoric. English
Description: Indianapolis ; Cambridge : Hackett Publishing Company, Inc., 2018. |
Includes bibliographical references and index.
Identifiers: LCCN 2018004944| ISBN 9781624667336 (pbk.) | ISBN
9781624667343 (cloth)
Subjects: LCSH: Rhetoric—Early works to 1800. | Poetry—Early works to
1800. | Aesthetics—Early works to 1800.
Classification: LCC PN173.A7 R6 2018 | DDC 808—dc23
LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2018004944
Adobe PDF ebook ISBN: 978-1-62466-735-0
For
Amélie Rorty
&
Jonathan Lear
The question is not one of misrepresentation, but of adjusting fact,
so as to raise it to the power of evidence.
—George Eliot, Felix Holt, the Radical
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Contents
Preface xi
Abbreviations xiii
Introduction xix
Rhetoric
Book I
I 1 Rhetoric as the counterpart of dialectic; deficiencies in
previous accounts; the importance of enthymemes and
means of persuasion; what a craft of rhetoric should be;
the definition of rhetoric. 2
I 2 Formal definition of rhetoric; means of persuasion
that are inside and outside the province of rhetoric;
persuasion through character, through listeners, and
through argument; paradigm, enthymeme, apparent
enthymeme; rhetoric’s province; likelihoods, signs,
and proofs; enthymemes in accord with rhetoric vs.
in accord with a definite science or craft; common
and special topics. 5
I 3 The three kinds (eidos) of rhetoric: deliberative,
judicial, and epideictic; rhetorical premises and the
importance of possessing them. 11
I 4 Deliberative oratory I. 12
I 5 Deliberative oratory II: happiness; its definition; its
components—good breeding, friends, wealth, children,
a good old age, health, noble beauty, strength, stature,
athletic capacity, reputation, honor, good fortune,
virtue, good fortune and luck; their definitions. 15
I 6 Deliberative oratory III: advantage and goods. 18
vii
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Contents
I 7 Deliberative oratory IV: comparison of goods. 22
I 8 Deliberative oratory V: the importance of getting a
grasp on all constitutions and distinguishing the
characters, customs, and advantages of each; what
these constitutions and their ends are. 27
I 9 Epideictic oratory: its targets—virtue and vice, noble
and shameful; their definitions; amplification. 28
I 10 Judicial oratory I: (a) what things and how many of
them people do injustice for the sake of; (b) in what
way these people are disposed; (c) the sorts of people
they do injustice to and their condition. 34
I 11 Judicial oratory II: (a) pleasure. 37
I 12 Judicial oratory III: (b–c). 41
I 13 Judicial oratory IV: just and unjust actions defined; in
relation to the law (special or universal); in relation to
the thing affected (individual, community); unwritten
law; decency. 45
I 14 Judicial oratory V: greater and lesser injustice of actions. 48
I 15 Judicial oratory VI: means of persuasion that are
outside the province of craft—laws, witnesses,
contracts, results of torture, and oaths. 49
Book II
II 1 Rhetoric is for the sake of judgment and so must look
to the argument, the speaker and his character, and to
the judge and his feelings. 55
II 2 Anger. 56
II 3 Mild-manneredness. 60
II 4 Friendliness and enmity. 63
II 5 Fear and confidence. 66
II 6 Shame and shamelessness. 69
II 7 Gratitude and ingratitude. 72
II 8 Pity. 73
viii
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Contents
II 9 Indignation. 75
II 10 Envy. 77
II 11 Jealousy. 79
II 12 People’s characters: feelings, states, stages of life,
fortunes (luck); the character of young people. 80
II 13 The character of older people. 82
II 14 The character of those in their prime. 83
II 15 Goods due to luck: good breeding. 84
II 16 Wealth. 84
II 17 Capacity. 85
II 18 A backward and forward look; notions common to
all kinds of speeches. 86
II 19 Possible and impossible; the past; the future; degree
(amplifying and diminishing). 87
II 20 Means of persuasion common to all kinds of speeches:
paradigm (of which maxim is a part) and enthymeme;
the two kinds of paradigms. 89
II 21 Maxims. 91
II 22 Enthymemes. 95
II 23 Topics (T1–28) for enthymemes. 97
II 24 Topics (T1*–9*) for apparent enthymemes. 105
II 25 Refutation. 109
II 26 Amplifying and diminishing; refutative enthymemes. 111
Book III
III 1 Style; delivery. 112
III 2 Virtues of style: perspicuousness, appropriateness;
and elevating; exotic vs. prevalent names; metaphor;
epithets; diminutives. 114
III 3 Frozen effects and how they come about in a style;
inappropriate metaphors. 117
ix
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