RF Cafe - Mechanical Conversions, Formulas & References

74 Pages·2000·1.186 MB·English

RF Cafe - Mechanical Conversions, Formulas & References
(cid:224)(cid:224) General Conversions, Formulas & References (cid:224)(cid:224)
These pages present a great deal of data in the form of conversions, formulas and references. I am confident
that this is the most comprehensive and diverse presentation of topics on a single web site.
Click here for a link to NIST's Reference on Constants, Units and Uncertainty.
Area IC Heat Transfer Solar System
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ASCII Characters IC Lifetime Sound Levels
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Bolts, Nuts & Washers - Acceleration Sound Power
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Metric Laws of Motion Speed Conversions
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Bolts, Nuts & Washers - Laws Of Tap & Drill - Metric
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SAE Thermodynamics l Tap & Drill - SAE
l Carnot Cycle l Length Conversions l Temperature
Coefficient of Mass Conversions Conversions
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Expansion l Materials Properties l Thermal Conductivity
l Density Conversions l Mechanical Constants l Time Conversions
Drill Sizes - Lettered Mechanical Units l Torx Heads
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Thermal Conductivity
Drill Sizes - Numbered Periodic Table l
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Ultrasonic Frequency
Electrochemical Phonetic Alphabet l
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Chart
Potentials Pressure Conversions
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Visible Light
Force Psychometric Chart l
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Volume Conversions
Galvanic Series P-T Diagram l
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Work-Energy-Heat
General Constants Relativity l
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Conversions
General Units
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World Time Zone Map
Greek Alphabet l
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RF Cafe - Electrical Conversions, Formulas & References
(cid:224)(cid:224) Electrical Conversions, Formulas & References (cid:224)(cid:224)
These pages present a great deal of data in the form of conversions, formulas and references. I am confident
that this is the most comprehensive and diverse presentation of topics on a single web site. Note: "#"
indicates that an interactive calculator is on the Electrical Calculations page.
Click here for a link to NIST's Reference on Constants, Units and Uncertainty.
l A/D Converter l Filters# l Radar Cross Section (RCS)
l Radar Equation
Parameters Flip Flop Tables
l l Radar Horizon/Line of Sight
l ABCD, S, H, Y, Z l Fourier Series of l Resistance Conversions
Parameters Periodic Signals l Resistor Markings: MIL-PRF-55342
l Resistor Markings: Std
l AC Voltage & Frequency Worldwide l Frequency Bands l Resistor Values
Standards
Frequency Modulation l RLC Combinations
l Amplitude Modulation l l RMS & Average Power & Voltage
l Atmospheric Absorption l Fuse Specs l Serial Port Pinout
ll AAtnmteonsnpah eBraics iRcsefraction l Fuse Package Outline ll SS,ig Hn,a lY-,t oZ-,N AoBisCeD R Patairoameters
l Antenna Radiation Patterns l GPIB / HPIB / IEEE- l Skin Depth
l Attenuators (Fixed)# 488 l SMD Package Markings
l Ball Grid Array (BGA) Counter GSM Timeslot & l Smith Chart
l Batteries l l Solder
l Battery Outlines Frequency Specs l Spectral Inversion
l Bessel Function Plots History of l Spurious-Free Dynamic Range
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l Bit Error Rate l Spurious Calculations
Communications
l Boolean Algebra l TEMPEST
l Capacitance l History of 50 W l Thévénin Equivalent
l Capacitance Conversions l Impedance Matching l Toroid Cores
# l Transmission Lines
l Cascade Budget Calculation l Inductance# l Triboelectric Series
l Charge Conversions l Inductance Conversions l USB Specifications
l Circulators l Intercept Points, 2-Tone 2nd-Order l WAP
l Coaxial Cable Chart l Intercept Points, 2-Tone 3rd-Order l Waveguide
l Coaxial Cable Equations l Isolators l Wire
l Coaxial Connectors l Karnaugh Maps l Wireless Communication Specs
l Coaxial Connector Torque Specs l Kirchhoff's Law l Wireless Coverage Maps
l Color Codes l Link Budget l Wireless Data Rate Standards
l Communications Standards l Lightning l WLAN Specs
l Compression Point, 1 dB l Magnetic Field Conversions #
l Conductors @ High Frequencies l Magnetic Flux Conversions l VSWR Mismatch Error
l Copper Facts l Maxwell's Equations l VSWR Reduction By Attenuation#
l Current Conversions l Microstrip l VSWR / Return Loss / Gamma#
l Damped Responses l MIL-STD-1553 & 1773 Bus
l Data Bus Specifications l Morse Code
l Delta-Wye l Noise Figure
l Detectors l Noise Power
l Dielectric Constants & Strengths l Norton Equivalent
l Diplexers l Ohm's Law
l Directional Couplers l Op Amps
http://www.rfcafe.com/references/electrical.htm (1 of 2) [4/1/02 3:53:57 AM]
RF Cafe - Electrical Conversions, Formulas & References
l Dividers/Combiners l Op Noise Figure
l Doppler Frequency Shift l Package Outlines
l DTMF Tones l Parallel Port Pinout
l EIRP l PCS Web Site
l Electrical Constants l PIM - Passive Intermodulation
l Electrical Units l Path Loss
l Electric Fields l Potential
l Electrocution of Human Body l Power Density
l Field Intensity l Power Factor
l ESD l Power & Voltage in 50 W System
l Propagation Time
l Pulse Definition
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RF Cafe - Calculator Spreadsheets
(cid:224)(cid:224) Calculator Spreadsheets (cid:224)(cid:224)
Thanks to MS Office Web Components and the advent of XML, including these interactive
spreadsheet components is possible, for about the same amount of work as generating
an Excel spreadsheet. Click on the following links for access.
Electrical Calculations NOTE: You must have either FrontPage
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Attenuators ("T" and Pi) 2002 or Excel 2002 installed (from MS
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Cascaded Components Office XP) or these spreadsheets will be
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only static and not interactive. You can
Cavity Resonant Frequency
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purchase an Excel 2002 upgrade for about
Noise Conversions
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$100 here.
Voltage Divider
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VSWR - RL - Gamma(G)
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Filters
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Lowpass Butterworth
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Lowpass Chebychev
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Highpass Butterworth
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Highpass Chebychev
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Bandpass Butterworth
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Bandpass Chebychev
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Bandstop Butterworth
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Bandstop Chebychev
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RF Cafe - Mathematical References
(cid:224)(cid:224) Mathematical References (cid:224)(cid:224)
Here are some of the most often need mathematical entities, all in one convenient
place.
Averages LaPlace Transform Trig Identities
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l Bessel Functions Pairs l Trig Identities, Inverse
l Trig Identities, Hyperbolic
Coordinate Systems LaPlace Transform
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l Derivatives, Basic Properties l Trigonometry Laws
l Deviations l Logarithms l Uncertainties
l Differentiation Rules l Matrix Algebra l Vector, Curl
l Exponents l Matrix Definitions l Vector, Divergence
l Fourier Series l Numerical Prefixes l Vector, Gradient
l Fourier Transform Pairs l Partial Fractions l z-Transform Properties
Fourier Series Permutations &
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Properties Combinations
Imaginary Numbers Phi (f) - the Golden
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Integrals, Basic Number
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Integrals, Inverse Trig Plane Angle
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Integrals, Natural Log Series Expansions
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Integrals, Square Root Summations
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Integrals,
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Trigonometric
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RF Cafe - Area Conversion
(cid:224)(cid:224) AREA CONVERSIONS (cid:224)(cid:224)

Standard units = Square centimeter (cm2).

square in square ft square cm square m circular mil
1 in2 = 1 6.944 · 10-3 6.452 6.452 · 10-4 1.273 · 106
1 ft2 = 144 1 929.0 9.290 · 10-2 1.833 · 108
1 cm2 = 0.1550 1.076 · 10-3 1 10-4 1.974 · 105
1 m2 = 1550 10.76 104 1 1.974 · 109
1 cir mil = 7.854 · 10-7 5.454 · 10-3 5.067 · 10-6 5.067 · 10-10 1

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RF Cafe - ASCII Character Set
(cid:224)(cid:224) ASCII CHARACTER SET (cid:224)(cid:224)

33 ! 34 " 35 # 36 $ 37 38 & 39 '
40 ( 41 ) 42 * 43 + 44 , 45 - 46 . 47 /
48 0 49 1 50 2 51 3 52 4 53 5 54 6 55 7
56 8 57 9 58 : 59 ; 60 < 61 = 62 > 63 ?
64 @ 65 A 66 B 67 C 68 D 69 E 70 F 71 G
72 H 73 I 74 J 75 K 76 L 77 M 78 N 79 O
80 P 81 Q 82 R 83 S 84 T 85 U 86 V 87 W
88 X 89 Y 90 Z 91 [ 92 93 ] 94 ^ 95 _
96 ` 97 a 98 b 99 c 100 d 101 e 102 f 103 g
104 h 105 i 106 j 107 k 108 l 109 m 110 n 111 o
112 p 113 q 114 r 115 s 116 t 117 u 118 v 119 w
120 x 121 y 122 z 123 { 124 | 125 } 126 ~ 127
128 129 130 131 132 133 134 135
136 137 138 139 140 141 142 143
144 145 146 147 148 149 150 151

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RF Cafe - Metric Nuts & Bolts
(cid:224)(cid:224) Metric Bolts, Nuts & Washers (cid:224)(cid:224)

Tap Clearance Counter Nut Nut Washer Washer
Drill Drill Bore Points Flats I.D. O.D.
Size (mm) (mm) (mm) (mm) (mm) (mm) (mm)
M1 0.75 1.10 0.30 2.08 1.8 1.0 2.0
M1.6 1.25 1.85 0.35 3.70 3.2 1.7 3.4
M2 1.60 2.40 0.40 4.62 4.0 2.2 4.5
M2.5 2.05 3.10 0.45 5.77 5.0 2.7 5.5
M3 2.50 3.75 0.50 6.35 5.5 3.2 6.0
M3.5 2.90 4.30 0.60 6.93 6.0 4.0 7.8
M4 3.30 4.90 0.70 8.08 7.0 4.3 8.0
M5 4.20 6.30 0.80 9.24 8.0 5.3 10
M6 5.00 7.50 1.0 11.5 10 6.4 11
M8 6.75 10.0 1.25 15.0 13 8.4 15
M10 8.50 12.5 1.50 17.3 15 11.5 21
1) See Drill Sizes page for cross reference.
2) Nut Points is the distance between opposite corners of hex nuts.
3) Nut Flats is the distance between opposite sides of hex nuts.

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RF Cafe - SAE Bolts
(cid:224)(cid:224) SAE Bolts, Nuts & Washers (cid:224)(cid:224)

Series Tap Clearance Counter Nut Nut Washer Washer
Size & Threads/lnch
Designation Drill Drill Bore Points Flats I.D. O.D.
0-80 UNF 0.046 0.070 1/8 0.180 0.156 0.078 0.187
1-64 UNC 0.059 0.089 5/32 0.180 0.156 0.099 0.250
1-72 UNF
2-56 UNC 0.070 0.104 3/16 0.217 0.187 0.099 0.250
2-64 UNF
3-48 UNC 0.078 0.120 3/16 0.217 0.187 0.105 0.250
3-56 UNF
4-40 UNC 0.089 0.136 7/32 0.289 0.250 0.125 0.312
4-48 UNF
5-40 UNC
5-44 UNF
6-32 UNC 0.106 0.161 9/32 0.361 0.312 0.149 0.375
6-40 UNF
8-32 UNC 0.136 0.189 5/16 0.397 0.343 0.174 0.375
8-36 UNF
10-24 UNC 0.149 0.213 11/32 0.433 0.375 0.203 0.437
10-32 UNF
12-24 UNC
12-28 UNF
1/4-20 UNC 0.201 0.281 7/16 0.505 0.437 0.265 0.500
1/4-28 UNF
5/16-18 UNC
5/16-24 UNF
3/8-16 UNC
3/8-24 UNF
7/16-14 UNC
7/16-20 UNF
1/2-13 UNC
1/2-20 UNF
9/16-12 UNC
9/16-18 UNF
5/8-11 UNC
5/8-18 UNF
3/4-10 UNC
3/4-16 UNF
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RF Cafe - SAE Bolts
7/8-9 UNC
7/8-14 UNF
1-8 UNC
1-12 UNF
1-14 UN
11/8-7 UNC
11/8-8 UN
11/8-12 UNF
11/4-7 UNC
1114-8 UN
11/4-12 UNF
1 3/8-6 UNC
1 3/8-8 UN
1 3/8-12 UNF
11/2-6 UNC
1 1/2-8 UN
1 1/2-12 UNC
1 5/8-8 UN
1 3/4-5 UNC
1 3/4-8 UN
1 7/8-8 UN
2-4 1/2 UNC
2-8 UN
2 1/4-4.5 UNC
2 1/4-8 UN
2 1/2-4 UNC
2 1/2-8 UN
2 3/4-4 UNC
2 3/4-8 UN
3-4 UNC
3-8 UN
3 1/4-4 UNC
3 1/4-8 UN
3 1/2-4 UNC
3 1/2-8 UN
3 3/4-4 UNC
3 3/4-8 UN
4-4 UNC
4-8 UN
1) See Drill Sizes page for cross reference.
2) Nut Points is the distance between opposite corners of hex nuts.
3) Nut Flats is the distance between opposite sides of hex nuts.

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