Revision Spine Surgery-Pearls and Pitfalls PDF
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Revision Spine Surgery Pearls and Pitfalls Revision Spine Surgery Pearls and Pitfalls Edited by Gregory D. Schroeder, MD Assistant Professor of Orthopaedic Surgery at Thomas Jefferson University, Spine Surgeon at The Rothman Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Ali A. Baaj, MD Associate Professor of Neurological Surgery Co-Director, Spinal Deformity and Scoliosis Program, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York-Presbyterian Hospital, New York City, New York Alexander R. Vaccaro, MD, PhD, MBA Richard H. Rothman Professor and Chairman, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Professor of Neurosurgery, Co-Director, Delaware Valley Spinal Cord Injury Center, Co-Chief of Spine Surgery, Sidney Kimmel Medical Center at Thomas Jefferson University, President, Rothman Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania CRC Press Taylor & Francis Group 6000 Broken Sound Parkway NW, Suite 300 Boca Raton, FL 33487-2742 © 2020 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC CRC Press is an imprint of Taylor & Francis Group, an Informa business No claim to original U.S. Government works Printed on acid-free paper International Standard Book Number-13: 978-1-4987-7382-9 (Hardback) This book contains information obtained from authentic and highly regarded sources. While all reasonable efforts have been made to publish reliable data and information, neither the author[s] nor the publisher can accept any legal responsibility or liability for any errors or omissions that may be made. The publishers wish to make clear that any views or opinions expressed in this book by individual editors, authors or contributors are personal to them and do not necessarily reflect the views/opinions of the publishers. The information or guidance contained in this book is intended for use by medical, scientific or health-care professionals and is provided strictly as a supplement to the medical or other professional’s own judgement, their knowledge of the patient’s medical history, relevant manufacturer’s instructions and the appropriate best practice guidelines. Because of the rapid advances in medical science, any information or advice on dosages, procedures or diagnoses should be independently veri- fied. The reader is strongly urged to consult the relevant national drug formulary and the drug companies’ and device or material manufacturers’ printed instructions, and their websites, before administering or utilizing any of the drugs, devices or materials mentioned in this book. 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For permission to photocopy or use material electronically from this work, please access www.copyright.com (http://www.copy- right.com/) or contact the Copyright Clearance Center, Inc. (CCC), 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, 978-750-8400. CCC is a not-for-profit organization that provides licenses and registration for a variety of users. For organizations that have been granted a photocopy license by the CCC, a separate system of payment has been arranged. Trademark Notice: Product or corporate names may be trademarks or registered trademarks, and are used only for identifica- tion and explanation without intent to infringe. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Names: Vaccaro, Alexander R., editor. | Baaj, Ali A., editor. | Schroeder, Gregory D., editor. Title: Revision spine surgery : pearls and pitfalls / edited by Alexander R. Vaccaro, Ali Baaj, Gregory D. Schroeder. Other titles: Revision spine surgery (Vaccaro) Description: Boca Raton : CRC Press, 2019. | Includes index. Identifiers: LCCN 2019010037| ISBN 9781498773829 (hardback : alk. paper) | ISBN 9780429188848 (e-book) Subjects: | MESH: Spine--surgery | Reoperation--methods | Spinal Diseases--surgery Classification: LCC RD768 | NLM WE 725 | DDC 617.4/82--dc23 LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2019010037 Visit the Taylor & Francis Web site at http://www.taylorandfrancis.com and the CRC Press Web site at http://www.crcpress.com This book is dedicated to my wife Katie, and our three sons, Leo, Henry and Grant. Your support is an incredible gift that I am blessed to have. Gregory D. Schroeder This book is dedicated to my beautiful daughter, Hannah, who has filled our hearts with endless joy. Ali A. Baaj This book is dedicated to my nephew Luke Vaccaro. There is a wise saying that the meaning of life is to find your gift and the purpose of life is to give that gift away. Luke your gift is your courage, tenacity, resiliency and love for family. Your parents are proud of you and you will always be a role model for your younger brother Drew. Alexander R. Vaccaro Contents Video list xi Contributors xiii GENERAL 1 1 The approach to revision procedures 3 Joseph A. Weiner and Wellington K. Hsu 2 How to dissect the plane between the scar of a laminectomy defect in the posterior cervical spine 13 Ken Ishii 3 How to dissect the plane between the scar of a laminectomy defect in the posterior thoracic and lumbar spine 19 Nickul S. Jain and Raymond J. Hah 4 Local muscle flaps in the setting of revision spine surgery: Indications, operative planning, principles, and postoperative management 27 Briar L. Dent, Jaime L. Bernstein, and Jason A. Spector 5 Revision and reimplantation of a spinal cord stimulator device 35 Fadi Al-Saiegh, John M. DePasse, Francis J. Sirch IV, Gregory D. Schroeder, and Chengyuan Wu PARt 1 ANtERIOR CERVICAL 39 6 Revision ACDF at the same level 41 Fadi Al-Saiegh, George M. Ghobrial, and James S. Harrop 7 Revision ACDF: Adjacent level 47 Courtney Pendleton, Matthew S. Galetta, and Jack Jallo 8 Converting a total disc replacement to an ACDF 51 Joseph D. Smucker and Rick C. Sasso 9 Treatment of adjacent segment disease after total disc replacement (TDR) 59 Bruce V. Darden II vii viii Contents PARt 2 POStERIOR CERVICAL 65 10 Revision suboccipital decompression for complex Chiari malformation 67 Jacob L. Goldberg, Ibrahim Hussain, Ali A. Baaj, and Jeffrey P. Greenfield 11 How to revise a failed occipital cervical fusion 77 Joshua T. Wewel, Mazda K. Turel, Joseph E. Molenda, and Vincent C. Traynelis 12 How to revise a failed C1–C2 fusion 83 Nizar Moayeri and Michael G. Fehlings 13 Treatment of postlaminectomy kyphosis 89 Christopher T. Martin and John M. Rhee 14 Revision of failed posterior cervical fusions 101 Trevor Mordhorst, Vadim Goz, and William Ryan Spiker 15 Complications necessitating surgical intervention following cervical laminoplasty 109 Michael J. Moses, Amos Z. Dai, and Themistocles S. Protopsaltis PARt 3 tHORACIC/tHORACOLUMBAR SPINE 115 16 Revision surgery for proximal junctional kyphosis following thoracolumbar fusion 117 Sundeep S. Saini, Daniel Cataldo, Christopher R. Cook, Hamadi Murphy, Paul W. Millhouse, and Kris Radcliff 17 Pedicle subtraction osteotomy (PSO) nonunion revision 127 Jason W. Savage 18 Treatment of a nonunion of a thoracolumbar deformity, not at the site of a three-column osteotomy 133 Randall B. Graham, Tyler R. Koski, and Patrick A. Sugrue 19 How to safely remove a pedicle screw abutting the aorta 145 Kevin Savage, Paul W. Millhouse, Hamadi Murphy, Gregory D. Schroeder, and Alexander R. Vaccaro PARt 4 LUMBAR SPINE 149 20 Revision of an anterior lumbar interbody fusion (ALIF) nonunion 151 Edward Delsole, Rishi Sharma, and Gregory D. Schroeder 21 How to revise nonunion of a lateral lambar interbody fusion (LLIF) through a lateral approach 155 Heeren S. Makanji, Jacqueline Koomson, Dhruv K.C. Goyal, and Gregory D. Schroeder 22 How to surgically manage a recurrent lumbar herniated nucleus pulposus (HNP) 161 Taylor Paziuk, Matthew S. Galetta, and Jeffrey A. Rihn 23 How to perform revision lumbar decompression 167 Jacob Hoffman, Ryan Murphy, Mark L. Prasarn, and Shah-Nawaz M. Dodwad 24 How to perform revision lumbar decompression at the index level through a minimally invasive (MIS) approach 173 Aaron Hillis, Christoph Wipplinger, Sertac Kirnaz, Franziska A. Schmidt, and Roger Härtl Contents ix 25 How to revise a transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF) nonunion with recurrent stenosis at the index level (open) 183 Jesse E. Bible and Gregory Pace 26 How to revise a minimally invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (MIS TLIF) nonunion with recurrent stenosis at the index level through an MIS approach 191 Fady Y. Hijji, Ankur S. Narain, Gregory D. Lopez, Krishna T. Kudaravalli, Kelly H. Yom, and Kern Singh 27 How to revise a posterior lateral decompression and fusion at the index level 199 Fadi Sweiss, Cristian Gragnaniello, Anthony J. Caputy, and Michael Rosner 28 How to revise a posterior lumbar fusion that has developed adjacent-level stenosis with or without instability 205 Patrick Curry and Mark F. Kurd 29 Flat back deformity revision surgery 211 Jefferson Wilson, Matthew S. Galetta, and Srinivas Prasad 30 Revision high-grade spondylolisthesis surgery 217 Peter D. Angevine 31 Management of a ventrally displaced graft following ALIF, TLIF or DLIF 223 Dhruv K.C. Goyal, Heeren S. Makanji, Gregory D. Schroeder, and Brian W. Su PARt 5 SPECIAL CASES 229 32 Treatment of symptomatic cervical and lumbar pseudomeningocoeles 231 Joshua E. Heller and George Rymarczuk 33 Treatment of a persistent cervical dural tear 241 Jessica L. Block and D. Greg Anderson 34 Treatment of a ventral thoracic dural defect 245 Ibrahim Hussain, Peter F. Morgenstern, and Ali A. Baaj 35 Treatment of a persistent lumbar dural tear 251 Joseph S. Butler, Matthew S. Galetta, and Barrett I. Woods 36 Treatment of a chronic postoperative cervical and lumbar spine infection 255 Kamil Okroj and Christopher Kepler Index 261
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