Revision of Types of Several Species of Bembecia Hubner, 1819 from Northern Africa and Southwestern Europe (Sesiidae)

2012·6.6 MB·English

by  Daniel Bartsch

Notalepid.35(2): 125-133 125
Revision oftypes of several species ofBembecia Hübner, 1819
from northern Africa and southwestern Europe (Sesiidae)
Daniel Bartsch
StaatlichesMuseumfurNaturkunde Stuttgart,Rosenstein 1, 70191 Stuttgart, Germany;
[email protected]
Received 14March2012; reviewsreturned 18April2012; accepted 18August2012.
SubjectEditor: JadrankaRota.
Abstract. The type specimens ofSesiasirphiformis Lucas, 1849 from Lac Tonga inAlgeria and Dipso-
sphecia megillaeformis v. tunetana Le Cerf, 1920 syn. n. from the vicinity ofTunis were examined and
found to be conspecific. Bembecia sirphiformis belongs to the B. ichneumoniformis (Denis & Schiffer-
müller, 1775) species group and is currentlyknown only from northernAfrica. Records from Sicily, Sar-
dinia, Corsica, southern Italy, andMorocco(asB. tunetana) arehereconsidereddoubtfulandmaybelong
to other species. B. astragali (Joannis, 1909) stat. rev., which was described from northern Spain and
southern France and was previously considered conspecific with B. sirphiformis, actually appears not to
be socloselyrelatedtoB. sirphiformis and seemstobelongtotheB. megillaeformis (Hübner, 1813) spe-
ciesgroup.B. igueriBettag&Bläsius, 1998 syn. n. fromMoroccoisnowconsideredtobeasynonymof
B. astragali.
Zusammenfassung.DieTypusexemplarevonSesiasirphiformis Lucas, 1849vomLacTongainAlgerien
undDipsosphecia megillaeformis v. tunetana Le Cerf, 1920 syn. n. aus der Umgebung von Tunis wur-
den untersuchtund ihreArtgleichheit festgestellt. Bembeciasirphiformis ist eineArt derB. ichneumoni-
formis (Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775)Artengruppe und bisher nur von Nordafrika bekannt. Meldungen
von Sizilien, Sardinien, Korsika, Süditalien und Marokko (als B. tunetana) sind zweifelhaft und wahr-
scheinlich anderen Arten zuzuordnen. Die bisher als konspezifisch mit B. sirphiformis angesehene, aus
Nordspanienund Südfrankreich beschriebeneB. astragali(Joannis, 1909) stat. rev. istnicht unmittelbar
verwandt, sonderngehörtder^. megillaeformis(Hübner, 1813)Artengruppean. SynonymzuB. astragali
istB. igueriBettag&Bläsius, 1998 syn. n. vonMarokko.
Introduction
Duringthe examination ofSesiidaetypes intheMuséumNationald'HistoireNaturelle,
Paris (MNHP), the author noticed a significant similarity between the type specimens
of Sesia sirphiformis Lucas, 1849 and Dipsosphecia megillaeformis v. tunetana Le
Cerf, 1920. This was also noted but not published by Ferdinand Le Cerf, documented
by a handwritten label ''Dips, sirphiformis Luc. v. tunetana Le Cerf, 9 Type", which
was added by Le Cerfto one ofthe primary types ofD. megillaeformis v. tunetana.
This specimen, a female, was later selected as lectotype by Spatenka (1992). The simi-
larity between the two taxa, sirphiformis and tunetana, is in conflict with the current
understanding of S. sirphiformis, which is considered conspecific with Sesia astra-
gali Joannis, 1909 (Spatenka et al. 1993, 1999). Only two ofthree primary types of
MNHP
D. megillaeformis v. tunetana, amale and a female, were found inthe andwere
examined by Spatenka (1992). He dissected the genitalia ofthe male, designated the
female as lectotype and listed it as subspecies ofBembecia albanensis (Rebel, 1918).
Several years later, the genitalia ofthe lectotype were also dissected andBembecia tu-
netanawas treated as a distinct species by Bettag & Bläsius (1999). In agreement with
Notalepidopterologica, 15.11.2012,ISSN0342-7536
126 Bartsch: TypesofBembeciaHübner, 1819 (Sesiidae)
this conclusion, B. tunetana is listed with species rank on the Fauna Europaea website
with the comment suggesting that "... taxonomic research is needed". The aim ofthis
paperis to clarifythe identity ofthetaxa in question. Unless otherwise noted, themate-
rial examined is from the collection ofthe author.
Abbreviations and notation ^
MNHP MuséumNationald'HistoireNaturelle, Paris
NHMM NaturhistorischesMuseumMainz
CRB collectionofRolfBläsius, Eppelheim, Germany
CDB collectionoftheauthor
'21.vi./vii-viii.2005'meansthatlarva(e)orpupa(e)werefoundonJune21 andtheadultsemergedinJuly
andAugust.
Bembecia sirphiformis (Lucas, 1849) Figs 1-6, 13, 17
SesiasirphiformisLucas, 1849: 367. Syntype 9 [withoutheadandabdomen] (Fig. 1): "C'estenjuin,dans
lesbois dulacTonga, aux environs ducercle de Lacalle, quej'aipris cettejoliepetite espèce, dontje
n'ai rencontréquedeux individus."(MNHP).
Msaitrpehriifoarlmi.s SLyunctayspe:1I8949(FigK..1S],pa'tSeesnikaa|rseivr.ph1i9f9o1r'mi.s,-LIutca.l'y,,'S1a5r4d4i'n,i'a:MuIsTecTu,m2P1arÇi,s'C,ag'lHaorlio,tyVpiullsa|pSuetsziu,a
PI ortoCorallo, larva/p|uparea|redfromLotuscreticus, 21.v./v-vi.2004; ITcT, samedata,pheromone; UcT,
349, Caglari, Muravera, Stagno di Saline, larva/pupa reared from Lotus creticus, 26.v./v-vi.2004; 8cr,
59, same data, by net; 6cr, 29, Oristano, San Giovanni di Sinis, vie. Tharros, larva reared from Lotus
creticus,24.v./v-vi.2004;5cr,Oristano,Stagnos'EnaArrubia,24.V.2004,pheromone; 1cT,Ogliastra,Bari
Sardo, 18.vi.2009; I9, Nuoro, 5 km S Orosei, larva reared from Lotus creticus, 17.v./30.vi.2004; 28cr,
IO9,Ogliastra,vie.Arzana, larvarearedfromPsoraleabituminosa,21.vi./vii-viii.2005; 78cr, samedata,
pheromone.Italy,Sicily: 3cr, 89,Madonie,vie. PolizziGenerosa,larvarearedfromPsoraleabituminosa,
15.v./vi-vii.2007; 3cr,39,vie. Lercara,larva/puparearedfromHedysarumcoronarium, 16.v./v-vi.2007.
Morocco: 5cr, 49, Middle Atlas Mts, Jbel bou Iblane, vie. Tafferte, larva reared from Ononis spinosa,
W
10.v./vi-vii.2006; 9cr, 29, same locality, 5.viii.l997; 7cr, 59, 10 km Tiznit, larva reared fromLotus
creticus, 18.v./vi-vii.2005;2cr,samedata,larvaii.2006; 1cT,29,samedata,larvav-vii.2005;2cT, 10km
SAgadir, larvarearedfromLotuscreticus, vi.2005.
Dipsosphecia megillaeformis v. tunetana Le Cerf, 1920: 305 syn. n., Lectotype 9, des. Spatenka, 1992:
487 (Fig. 2): "EnvironsdeTunis, exracines de Sulla,VI, coll. F. LeCerf."(MNHP).
Material. 19 (Fig. 2) [lectotype ofDipsosphecia megillaeformis v. tunetana Le Cerf, 1920], 'Tunis
e.l. VI Hedys. coron.' 'tératolog. nerv 2 bifurq. aile inf. dr.', 'Dips, sirphiformis Luc. v. tunetanaLe|
Cerf 9I Type Et. Lep. Cie. XVII| Coll. F. Le Ce|rf, 'Dipsosphecia megillaeformis va|r. tunetana Le
CerfIEt. Lepid|. comp., XVII, 1920|,p. 305', 'Lectotypus 9 Dipsosph\ecia megillaefo\rmis v. tunetana
LeCerI f, 1920 K. Spate|nkades. 1991', 'Bembecia tunetana| 9 det. E. Bett\ag 1998'[genitah\adissected,
fixedonp|aperc|ardandfiguredbyBettag&Bläsius(|1999)].- 1c|T (Fig. 3) [paralectotypeofDipsosphecia
megillaeformisv.tunetanaLeCerf, 1920], 'chenilledans|racinesdeSulla|eclosV-1911 |envoideTunis',
'Dipsosphecis ichneumoniformis F. coll. F. Le Cerf<S\ 'Paralectotypus cT Dipsosphecia megillae-
formis V. tunet|anaLeCerf 1920 K.|Spatenkades. 1991', 'Bembecia tunetan|aLeCerf R. Bl\ äsiusdet.
11/1998I'(MNHP).-Tunisia|: 5cr (|Figs4, 13),49 (Figs5,6, 17),vie.Be\ja, 1-31.vii.2000,|exlarvareared
fromHedysarumcoronarium, leg. R. Bläsius(CRB, CDB).
Inhis original description, Lucas (1849)mentionstwo specimens ofSesiasirphiformis,
only one ofwhich is currently deposited in the collection ofthe IVINHP. This is a syn-
type and not the holotype as mentioned by Spatenka (1992). The second syntype may
have been destroyed or lost a long time ago (Le Cerf 1920), thus my decision is to
Notalepid.35 (2): 125-133 127
Figs 1-6.AdultsoïBembeciasirphiformis(Lucas, 1849), scalebar: 10mm. 1. 9 syntype [insert: Original
figureinLucas, 1849].2. Ç lectotypeoïDipsospheciamegillaeformisv. timetanaLeCerf, 1920.3. cT para-
lectotype (MNHP). 4-6. Specimens from Tunisia, vie. Beja, larva reared from Hedysarum coronarium.
4.Male. 5.Female, darkformwithreducedLTAandsmallETA. 6.Female,paleformwithsmallLTAand
largeETA.
refrain from a lectotype designation. The remaining syntype is in a bad condition. The
head, abdomen, and legs apart from the right hindleg are missing; the wings are not
128 Bartsch: TypesofBembeciaHübner, 1819 (Sesiidae)
spread making the hindwings incompletely visible. A lack ofa longitudinal transpar-
ent area confirms the female gender ofthe specimen, despite the missing antennae and
abdomen. The illustration ofSesia sirphiformis in Lucas (1849) (Fig. 1, insert) shows
the tergites of the abdomen marked with five relatively consistent yellow posterior
annulations. Females ofB. astragali have only tergite 2, 4, and 6 with such complete
yellowannulations andthatontergite 3 is indistinctorabsent. Furthermore,the syntype
ofsirphiformis differs clearly from female specimens ofB. astragali by the absence
ofa longitudinal transparent area (LTA), which is always present in both genders ofB.
astragali, and by the narrow external transparent area (ETA), consisting ofthree well-
developed cells and mostly an additional very indistinct narrow cell (ETA distinctly
broader, consisting offour well-developed cells inB. astragali).
The type series ofDipsosphecia megillaeformis var. tunetana was reared from lar-
vae, which were found in the roots ofHedysarum coronarium (Fabaceae) (Le Cerf
1920). Since then, specimens that can be identified as conspecific without doubt have
beencollected onlyonce.Aseries offive males and fourfemales was rearedbyBläsius
from larvae found on H. coronarium in the vicinity ofBeja, Tunisia. The females ex-
hibit some variation in size and colouration, in the intensity ofthe forewing discal spot
and in the extension ofthe transparent areas. The LTAis mostly absent, but sometimes
very small, the ETAconsists of2, 3, or4 partiallyvery small cells (Figs 1, 2, 5, 6). The
type localities ofboth5. sirphiformis andD. megillaeformis var. tunetanaare separated
by only about 200 km, and Beja is located almost in the middle. No other related spe-
cies are known from this area. For the above reasons, D. megillaeformis var. tunetana
is considered a synonym ofB. sirphiformis.
&
B.sirphiformisappearstobelongtothe5. ichneumoniformis(Denis Schiffermüller,
1775) species group and is closely related and habitually almost indistinguishable
from B. albanensis (Rebel, 1918) from Southern and Central Europe, B. handiensis
&
Rämisch, 1997 from Fuerteventura and Morocco, and B. psoraleae Bartsch Bettag,
1997 from the Iberian Peninsula, southern France, and northwestern Italy. The males
ofB. albanensis have the yellow annulations less brilliant and more greyish. Small dif-
ferences exist in the morphology ofthe genitalia. Male genitalia (Fig. 13) differby the
shape ofthe crista sacculi ofthe valva. In B. sirphiformis it has a short bald, apically
directedridge distally, which is lacking inB. albanensis (Fig. 14). The saccus is shorter
andbroader inB. sirphiformis. Furthermore, B. sirphiformis differs fromB. albanensis
and B. handiensis by the size ofthe medial crista ofthe gnathos, which is less promi-
nent in B. albanensis and much bigger in B. handiensis. The females (Fig. 17) differ
in the shape ofthe ostium bursae, which is y-shaped inB. sirphiformis, v-shaped inB.
psoraleae, andwith semi-circled lateral hemispheres inB. albanensis (Fig. 18), as well
as the surface structure ofthe ante vaginal plate (densely grained, without folds in B.
sirphiformis (Fig. 17, detail) andB. albanensis (Fig. 18, detail); scarcely grained, with
strong folds inB.psoraleae). B.psoraleae differs furtherby a small sclerotised signum
ofthe corpus bursae.
Bembecia sirphiformis (as B. tunetana) has been reported from northern Africa,
& &
Sicily, Sardinia, Corsica, and southern Italy (Bertaccini Fiumi 2002; Lastuvka
Lastùvka 2001; Spatenka et al 1999). The European populations and specimens from
Notalepid.35 (2): 125-133 129
&
Morocco, reported by Bettag Bläsius (1999), however, differ significantly in oc-
currence time and host-plant preference and have conspicuously different barcode se-
quences (Pühringer, in litt.). Therefore, the records ofB. sirphiformis from Europe and
Morocco are doubtful and maybelong to otherspecies. The relationships ofthe species
in this complex and their distributions remain unclear and need further investigation.
Bembecia astragali(Joannis, 1909) stat. rev. Figs 7-12, 15, 16, 19, 20
SesiaastragaliJoannis, 1909: 183. Lectotype 9, des. Spatenka, 1992: 487 (Fig. 8): "Sur les collines en-
tourant l'étangde laBonde (par la Motte d'Aiguës, Vaucluse)" (MNHP). 'Cotype exemplardessiné
Astragalus, laBonde (Vaucluse), 21.vii.08 astragali 1920-1932 coll. L. & J. de|Joannis, Muséum
PIaris'(Spatenka 1992). | |
Material. Paralectotype: 19 (Fig. 8), 'Astragalus | laBonde(Vaucluse) | 21 VII08', 'P.E.L.Viettedet.
(19MNIHSPes)i.a-| aSsoturatghaelrin|FJroaannncies,',Pr'oPvareaniceec:t7octfypu3s9,9Dp|tS.esViaaucalstursaeg,alRius|tJroealn,nliasr,va19re0a9re|dK.frSopmatAsetnrkaagdaelsu.s1m9o9n1-'
,
spessulanum,4.vi./vii.l992 (Icf, I9, Figs 9, 10; genitaliaFigs 15, 20,twootherspecimenswiththe same
data); 1cT, 19,samedata,27.vi./vii.l993;7cr,49,samedata,2.iv./vii-viii.l999; 1cT,samedata,27.vi./10.
vii.2006; IcT, I9, same locality; pupa reared from Colutea arborescens, 4.viii./viii.l993; 4cf, same lo-
cality, 5.viii.l993, pheromone; 2cr, Dpt. Drome, Montbrun les Bains, 28-30.vi.2006, pheromone; 2cr,
Dpt. Drome, ColAulan, 27.vi.2006, pheromone; 3cr, same data, 5.viii.l993; 3cr, same data, 25.vii.1992;
Icf, Dpt. Drome, Buis, Plaisians, 26.vii.1992, pheromone; Icf, Dpt. Drome, Caseneuve, 3.viii.l993,
pheromone; IcT, Dpt. Vaucluse, Luberon, Cereste, l.viii.l993, pheromone; IcT, Dpt. HautAlpes, Serres,
Savoumon, larvarearedfromAstragalusmonspessulanum, 21.vi./vii.2010. Spain,Andalusia, Serraniade
Ronda: 25cr,vie. Ronda,24-28.vi.l993,pheromone; 6cf,Atajate,24.vi.1994,pheromone; 8cf,Cortesde
la Frontera, 19.vii.2004, pheromone; 3cr, el Burgo, 17-21.vii.2004, pheromone. Italy, Piemonte: lOcT,
139, Arquata Scrivia, Sottovale, ex larva reared from Astragalus monspessulanum, 30.v./vii-viii.2010.
Morocco, HighAtlas: 31cr,Tizi-n-Tichka, 10-1l.vi.l996,pheromone; ScT, Imilchil,Tizi-n-Tirhadouine,
26.vi.2008,pheromone;4cr,Marrakech,Telouet,26.vi.2008,pheromone; Id",Marrakech,Tizi-n-Fedrhat,
27.vi.2008,pheromone; 14cr,AitBouGuemez,Jbel M'Goun,28.vi.2008,pheromone; 3cr,Tizi-n-Ouano,
2.vii.2008,pheromone; 1cT, 19 (Figs 11, 12),Iguer,larvarearedfromColuteaatlantica.MiddleAtlas: 1cT,
Jbel bou Iblane, 6.vii.2008, pheromone; Tizi-n-Ifar, 2cr 6.vi.1999, 2cf 16.vi.2007, pheromone; I9, same
locality,larvarearedfromAstragalussp.; 19,samelocality,larvarearedfromColuteaatlantica. Slovenia:
IcT, vie. Koper, 20.vi.-23.vii.2003; 39, same locality, larva reared from Genista tinctoria, vii.2004.
Croatia: IcT, Krk, 10.vii.l996, pheromone. Greece: Pindos Mts: 6cr, Kastanea, 5.viii.2002, pheromone;
I9, samedata, ovipositingatAstragalusglycyphyllos; 4cr, Kranea, 6.viii.2002; 2cr,Timphristos, Fouma,
14.vii.2008, pheromone. 4cr, Timfi Mts, Vrissohori, Aoosbridge, 4.viii.2002, pheromone. Mitsikeli Mts:
119, Kopuai, larvareared from Coluteaarborescens, 27.v./vii.l995; 29, Karyes, 31.v./vii.l995; 39, vie.
Konitza, larvarearedfrom Coluteaarborescens, 3.vi./vii.1997.
BembeciaigueriBettag& Bläsius, 1998: 71 syn. n.
=Bembeciasirphiformis sensuauctorum(nec. Lucas, 1849).
Material. IcT (Figs 7, 16), Morocco 'Morocco / H. Atlas Tizi-n-Test. 2100 m 15.08.1997 leg E.
Bettag', 'Holotypus Bembeciaigueri Bettag/Bläsius 1998', '|Nat. Hist. Museum M|ainz E-2011|/0425'
(NHMM). - IcT, sa|me data, 'Paratypu|s, Bembecia igueri Bettag / Bläsius 1998',| 'Nat. |Hist. Museum
MainzE-2011/0426'(genitaliaFig. 16) [dissectedbyBettag] (NHMM).
Bembecia astragali was described from a series of three males and six females. All
specimens except one female were reared from larvae that were found in southern
France, la Bonde, Vaucluse, in rootstocks ofAstragalus monspessulanum (Fabaceae).
One female was collected at Montserrat, Barcelona (Joannis 1909). Only one ofthe
MNHP
female paralectotypes from la Bonde was actually found in (Fig. 8). B. astra-
gali (as B. sirphiformis) is a well-known member ofthe B. megillaeformis (Hübner,
130 Bartsch:TypesofBembeciaHübner, 1819 (Sesiidae)
Figs 7-12. Adults ofBembecia astragali (Joannis, 1909). 7. cT holotype ofBembecia igueri Bettag &
Bläsius, 1998(NHMM). 8. 9 paralectotype(withoutscalebar)(MNHP). 9-10.Maleandfemale,France,
Vaucluse, Rustrel, larva reared from Astragalus monspessulanum. 11-12. Male and female, Morocco,
HighAtlas, Iguer, larvarearedfrom Coluteaatlantica.
& &
1813) species group (Bertaccini Fiumi 2002; Freina 1997; Lastûvka Lastùvka
1995, 2001; Spatenka et al. 1999). The genitalia, especially that ofthe males, are very
Notalepid.35(2): 125-133 131
Figs 13-20. Genitalia structure ofBembecia species, scale bar: 1 mm; inserts (ostium details) scale bar:
0.2 mm. 13. B. sirphiformis cT, Tunisia, vie. Beja. 14. B. albanensis cT, Pamass Mts, Greece. 15. B. as-
tragali cf France, Rustrel. 16.B. astragali cT, Morocco, Tizi-n-Test(paratype ofB. igueri, NHMM). 17.
,
B. sirphiformis 9, Tunisia, vie. Beja. 18. B. albanensis Ç, Markgröningen, Germany. 19. B. astragali 9,
Morocco,Tizi-n-Test. 20.B. astragali 9 France, Rustrel.
homogeneous within this group and scarcely suitable for determination (Lastûvka &
Lastùvka 2001). Larger specimens ofB. astragali are very typical and unmistakable,
132 Bartsch: TypesofBembeciaHübner, 1819 (Sesiidae)
whereas small specimens canbe confusedwith5. iberica Spatenka, 1992, which, how-
ever,has averydifferentmorphologyofthegenitalia. TheMoroccanB. igueriBettag&
Bläsius, 1998 syn. n. is here considered conspecific withB. astragali. Itwas described
from a series ofsix males that were captured with the help ofsynthetic sexual phero-
mones at the Tizi-n-Test, in the western part ofthe HighAtlas Mountains. Amale and
a female specimen fromthe type locality were reared bythe author from larvae, which
were found in rootstocks ofColutea atlantica (Fabaceae) (Figs 11, 12). This male and
the specimens ofthe type series agree perfectly. They differonly marginally fromtypi-
cal French specimens ofB. astragali, which were reared from Colutea arborescens
andAstragalus monspessulanum. Males ofB. astragali are strongly attracted by vari-
ous synthetic pheromones and have been collected in large numbers. The males from
Morocco show greater individual variation than specimens from Europe. The ground
colour ofthe forewing, including the apical area, varies from nearly completely black
to orange-yellow, andthe discal spot is sometimes completely orange-yellow. The ETA
can consist offour or five cells and its width is very variable, with occasionally only a
very small apical area. ThepopulationoftheTizi-n-Test is inthe southwesternextreme
of the known range. Its representatives are generally somewhat darker with slightly
smaller transparent areas and somewhat more prominent discal spots. Differences
mentioned in the original description of B. igueri cannot be confirmed: "Arten der
Bembeciasirphiformis-GmppQ [auctorum] unterscheiden sich am auffälligstenvonder
neuen Art und von Bembecia megillaeformis durch die kurze Stielung derAdern M3-
&
CUj unddurch lange Haarschuppen an denVordercoxen [...]" (Bettag Bläsius 1998).
Investigation ofseveral specimens ofB. megillaeformis andB. astragali shows thatthe
common stalk ofveins M3-CUAJ varies much more in length as noted, broadly over-
lapping for both species. The long, hair-like scales ofthe forecoxa are common to all
freshly emerged male specimens ofBembecia.
Acknowledgements
I wish to thankJoël Minet (MNHP) forhis kind support and forthe permission to take photographs of
the sesiidtype specimens andto Carsten Renker(NHMM) forthe loan oftype specimens. I am further
gratefultoRolfBläsius(Eppelheim)forhisgenerousdonationofsesiidspecimensrevisedinthis study,
andtoTheo Garrevoet(Antwerp)andAxelKallies(Melbourne)forconstructivecommentsandlinguis-
tic help.
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