Revision of Stenostephanus (Acanthaceae) in Mexico

47 Pages·1999·37.2 MB·English

by  Thomas Daniel

Contr. Univ. Michigan Herb. 22: 47-93. 1999
OF STENOSTEPHANUS (ACANTHACEAE)
REVISION
MEXICO
IN
Thomas
Daniel
F.
Department Botany
of
Academy
California of Sciences
Golden Gate Park
San 94118
Francisco, California
INTRODUCTION
Stenostephanus Nees a neotropical genus of perennial herbs and shrubs
is
from
comprising about 75 species that occur primarily at relatively high elevations
Mexico The names apphed genus and current
to Bolivia. history of to this its
Wood
were addressed by under Habracanthus) and Daniel
delimitation (1988,
(1995a). Most of the previously described Mexican species have been treated in
Mexican
Habracanthus or Hansteinia. In study, species previously
either this all
were and
referred to Habracanthus, Hansteinia, and Stenostephanus studied are
treated in the last genus. Combinations in Stenostephanus for most of the Central
American and South American would belong genus have
species that also in this
be made.
yet to
This study based on examination of 460 herbarium specimens representing
is
167 collections from 32 herbaria, field observations, and laboratory studies of
Mexico.
pollen and chromosomes. Fifteen species are recognized as occurring in
In the only previous account of Mexican species oi Stenostephanus, Daniel (1995b)
repeated herein
treated nine species in Chiapas. Descriptions of those species are
because, in most cases, they have been augmented substantially with additional
from Chiapan graciUs) or collections
data either additional collections (e.g., S,
Mexico Four newly described
from species are
other states of silvaticus).
(e.g., S.
new proposed
and two combinations Stenostephanus are for species
herein in
genera here congeneric with
described in treated as
it.
INFRAFAMILIAL
AFFINITIES
Lindau treated most of the genera here recognized as constituting
(1895)
subsequent
Lindau's
Stenostephanus Isoglosseae subtribe Isoglossinae.
in tribe
placement of Syringidium in subtribe Porphyrocominae was hkely a mis-
(1922)
take on his part; the genus as described by him possesses the diagnostic characters
of his Isoglossinae. Other genera of Isoglossinae treated by Lindau (1895) with
World
two stamens and monothecous anthers consisted of the Old genera Brachy-
Bremekamp
Nees and Oreacanthus Benth. retained Lindau's
stephanus (1965)
much-expanded
Isoglossinae, renaming Rhytiglossinae, as a subtribe of his tribe
it
Bremekamp
intended Stenostephanus (and
doubtful that to retain
Justicieae.
It is
however; he
those taxa here considered congeneric with within his subtribe,
it)
noted Rhytiglossinae had bithecous anthers and consisted of genera confined
that his
World
47
CONTR. UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN HERBAI^IUM VOLUME
48
22
"lenticular with a pore in the centre of each of the flattened and marginal
sides, a
zone from He
differing in structure the rest of the wall." suggested that genera
(e.g., Brachystephanus) with pollen differing from those types he described for the
would
subtribes of Justicieae probably need be
to referred to subtribes of their
own. Subsequent
observations of additional pollen by various workers
reveal grains
Bremckamp
hke those described above by
for his Rhytiglossinae in species of
Steiiostephamis (see below) and Oreacanthiis (Scotland
1990), as well as diporate
some
pollen like that of Stenostephaiius in species of Brachystephanus (Figueiredo
&
Keith-Lucas Thus, would appear Brcmekamp's
1996). that circum-
(1965)
it
scription of pollen types was too narrow and and
that Stenostephaniis
relatives
its
accommodated
can be readily in subtribc Isoglossinae. Perhaps more relevant
a
question whether Stenostephaniis can be distinguished from
is its relatives in the
Other American
subtribc. genera that are obviously related to Stenostephaniis,
based on macromorphological and
their palynological
characteristics, include
Razisca Oerst., Kalbreyeriella Lindau, and Cylmdrosolenhim Jndau. Lindau
described
1
two subsequent
the last to his infrafamilial classification of 1895. Without knowl-
edge of palynological Lindau
its characteristics, (1895) treated Razisea in tribe
Odontonemeae
Odontoneminae. The
subtribe genus comprises four and
species
known
from Central America and Colombia. androecium two monothe-
is Its of
cous stamens and
diporate pollen
its that similar to that of Stenostephaniis (see
is
below) confirm between The
a close relationship these genera. genus usually
is
from
distinguished those included here on
in Stenostephaniis the basis of such
characters as "spicate" (racemose defined below)
its as inflorescence, gradually
expanded
corolla tube, and abruptly bent upper of the corolla (Gibson
lip 1974;
Wood
Leonard
These among
1958; 1988). features are encountered Mexican
all
species of Stenostephaniis, and doubtful that Razisea represents
it is a distinct
genus. Kalbreyeriella, which Lindau (1924) treated subtribe Porphyrocominae,
in
consists of three species occurring Colombia and Panama from
in that differ Razisea
primarily by their corollas with a rostrate tip in bud and a relatively long, narrow
upper hp (Leonard Gibson
1958; 1974). Cylindrosokniiun a unispecific genus
is
from Ecuador and Peru. Lindau included and
(1897) subtribe Isoglossinae
in
it
concluded from
that differed Stenostephaniis by having and
looser fewer-flow-
it
ered inflorescences and corollas with a cylindrical tube and lingulate lobes. Addi-
tional studies will be necessary to determine whether these three genera should
continue to be treated as distinct from Stenostephaniis. Of the two paleotropical
relatives of Stenostephaniis noted above, Brachystephanus was purported
to diffcr
by pollen and Oreacanthus was noted by and broad
its to differ short corolla
its
tube (Lindau 1895). If these genera are to be maintained as distinct from Steno-
stephaniis, other characters need be found
will to to distinguish them.
M
Mexican
stamens monothecous
with which
anthers, contain diporate pollen.
MACROMORPHOLOGY
Wood
Me
Stenostephaniis exhibit considerable morphological
variation, particularly pubes-
in
may
from
cence, locality to This be due,
locality. in part, to their rather isolated
occurrences
at high elevations (see below). Considerable variation pubescence
in
STENOSTEPHANUS
DANIEL: 49
1999
of the rachis was observed in several Mexican species (e.g., S. glaber, S. haematodes,
Wood
monolophus, oaxacanus, and tacanensis). (1988) noted similar varia-
S. S. S.
among some Colombian chahtopes (Leonard)
pubescence H.
species
tion in (e.g.,
Wood).
R.
J. I.
Some appear be and
aspects of inflorescence structure to relatively stable
among Mexican most
taxonomically useful characters Stenostephaniis. In species,
reduced and from other leaves
the distalmost pair of leaves in size differs in
is
which
shape and attachment. In the following account, a terminal inflorescence (in
leaves are replaced by highly reduced bracts) one that arises distal to this pair
is
proximal
of leaves and axillary inflorescences arise in the axils of leaves to this
many
Most inflorescences are terminal and of those that superficially appear
pair.
These borne on
to be axiUary are, in fact, also terminal. latter inflorescences are
and subtended by reduced
short branches in the leaf axils are a pair of leaves.
Truly inflorescences are not subtended by a pair of reduced leaves.
axillary
Because of the presence of both bracts and bracteoles, the basic unit of the
most dichasium
considered be dichasium. Tn species the
inflorescence to a is
is
several- to many-flowered; however, in some, comprises only a single flower.
it
Terms denoting the arrangement of dichasia are primarily dependent on the pres-
and
ence of peduncles stalks between the bract and the bracteoles) pedicels
(i.e.,
known
between the bracteoles and the flower). Tn dichasiate spikes (not
stalks
(i.e.,
among Mexican neither peduncles nor pedicels are present the
species), (i.e.,
dichasia are sessile along the rachis). In dichasiate racemes, peduncles are absent
and
but pedicels are present. In dichasiate thyrses, peduncles are present pedicels
may be present or absent. Panicles comprise branched inflorescences where the
branches are indeterminate and consist of dichasiate spikes, racemes, or thyrses.
from node
Branching that results in a panicle often exclusively the basal of the
is
inflorescence in one or both axils of the distalmost pair of leaves). Inflores-
(i.e.,
cences are usually pedunculate; however, either an indeterminate inflorescence
if
axis or a dichasium occurs in the axil of one or both of the distalmost pair of
considered be
leaves, then the inflorescence to sessile.
is
and pubescence from those
Sterile inflorescences with calyces differing in size
Wood
Colombian
noted by several species,
of inflorescences, as (1988) in
fertile
were observed among Mexican However, such inflorescences might be
not taxa.
somewhat from which were sometimes
difficult to distinguish juvenile ones, evi-
dent proximal to the fertile inflorescences.
more
Various structures of Stenostephaniis tend to exhibit color than those of
many other Mexican Acanthaceae; however, colors are not always preserved on
herbarium specimens nor noted on Thus their usefulness for distinguishing
labels.
remains unknown. Color of the corolla generally
taxa or assessing relationships
is
known and often useful taxonomic character. For example, appears to be
a
is it
means monolophiis from Colors such
the primary for distinguishing S. S. glaber.
among
maroon, and purple were noted trichomes (primarily the sep-
as red, also
calyces, and rachises of the inflorescence. Considerable variation in colora-
tae),
among
was noted calyces of herbarium specimens. Tips of the calyx lobes are
tion
Sometimes
often darker dried material than the proximal portion of the lobes.
in
darker coloration appears to be green and other times dark reddish or purplish.
this
The direction of dehiscence of the anthers was observed in most species to be
some
in the direction of the lower In species (e.g., S. latilabris) the direction of
lip.
dehiscence could not be determined with certainty from the herbarium specimens
many appear
available. In haematodes, collections have flowers with anthers that to
S.
CONTR. UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN HERBARIUM VOLUME
50 22
dehisce toward the upper and other collections have flowers with anthers that
lip
appear to dehisce toward the lower hp. Whether such variation the
exists in
species (or in the genus) or whether determination of the direction of dehiscence
unreliable as viewed on herbarium specimens remains to be determined
is
Based on macromorphological
characters, primarily features of the corolla,
One
there appear be two groups of Mexico.
to at least species in consists of S.
silvaticiis and latilabris, which both have relatively short, bluish to white corol-
.S'.
las with a well-developed and relatively long lower a short, cylindrical corolla
lip;
tube that hicks a distinct throat; a recurved to recoiled upper lip of the corolla;
and stamens The
that are inserted in the distal 1/3 of the corolla tube. remaining
13 species comprise a group characterized by having generally longer, reddish
(at
and known)
least in part v/here corollas v/ith a poorly developed (or absent) to
relatively short lower a mostly longer corolla tube that gradually or abruptly
lip;
is
expanded
distally into a distinct (usually saccate) throat; a straightforward to
erect upper of the corolla; and stamens that are inserted the proximal
lip in 1/3 to
1/2 of the corolla tube. This latter group readily divisible into those species with
is
racemose and known
inflorescences those with thyrsoid inflorescences. not
It is
whether
this inflorescence character actually segregates species into natural groups.
For example, chiapensis and monolophiis, which greatly resemble each other
S, S,
in most features (including floral color and form), are distinguishable primarily by
The
this difference in inflorescence structure. ten species with thyrsoid inflores-
cences are not easily distinguishable by large suites of mutually exclusive charac-
ters. Their circumscriptions are sometimes confounded by lack of knowledge con-
some
cerning of their character states corolla color, capsule pubescence,
(e.g.,
seed surface ornamentation).
POLLEN
Pollen of Mexican Stenostephanus was described by Daniel Examina-
(1998).
tion of additional pollen for the present study confirms and elaborates on those
observations. Pollen of Mexican species was studied with a scanning electron
all
microscope. from which was examined Appendix
Collections pollen are
listed in
1.
The
palynological terminology used herein follows Walker and Doyle with
(1975)
modifications of Daniel (1998). Pollen that illustrates most of the variation encoun-
among
Mexican shown
tered the species 1-3.
in Figs.
is
Pollen of Steiiostephamis 2-porate and varies in shape from globose-elliptic
is
to globose-elongate (longer equatorial axis:shorter equatorial axis varies from
The
1.00-3.33). longer equatorial axis the diameter of the apertural face
in
is all
species except and haematodes, which diameter
S. gracilis S. in the of the interap-
sometimes
ertural face longer. Outline of grains apertural view subcircular
in
is
is
and view from
to circular, in interapertural varies narrowly elliptic to circular to
it
Using Walker and Doyle Mexican
oblate. the size classes of pollen of
(1975),
Stenostephanus from medium-sized
varies Stenostephanus
to large. silvaticus (Fig.
has the smallest grains ^im diameter apertural view) and
2f, (31 in gracilis
g) S.
^m
(Fig. le) has the largest (57 diameter in apertural view). The pores vary from
3-10 diameter and from gemmate
jam in subpsilate to verrucate to to echinate
in
Each
surface sculpturing. pore surrounded by a ± circular region 17-52 ^im
is in
The
diameter. surface of the ± circular regions varies from subpsilate microver-
to
gemmae,
rucate to microrugulate and, additionally, covered with baculae, and/
is
The two ±
or echinae. circular regions of a grain are separated from one another
STENOSTEPHANUS
DANIEL:
1999
51
FIG. 1. Pollen of Mexican Stenostephanus. a. S. ahishii {Ton 5340), interapertural view. b. S. breed-
&
Burns
lovei {Breedlove 49644), interapertural view. chiapensis (Breedlove 72688), interapertural
c. S.
view. glaber {Daniel al 8405), interapertural view. gracilis {Croat 47536), interapertural
d. S. et e. S.
view. guerrerensis {Breedlove 61946), apertural view. guerrerensis {Breedlove 36060), intera-
S. g. S.
f.
pertural view. h. S. harleyi {Reveal e( al. 4239), interapertural view. S. harleyi {Reveal et al. 4239),
i.
=
apertural view. Scale bar 10
[im.
by peripheral band 2-17 jim width. The band continuous and encircles the
a in
is
most and some haematodes
grain in species; in S, alushii (Fig. la) pollen of S. (Fig.
and tacanensis either broken into segments of varying
3e, purpiisii,
f), S. S, it is
The
lengths or does not completely encircle the grain. surface sculpturing of the
A
among
band and sometimes
peripheral varies species within a species. central
row of gemmae, baculae, and/or echinae running the length of the band was
observed
in six species.
among Mexican
Daniel noted two forms of pollen the species of Steno-
(1998)
and Study
stephanus, globose-elongate (e.g., Fig. Ig) globose-elhptic (e.g., Fig. la).
of additional pollen reveals that these two forms based on shape are linked by
globose-oblong pollen Fig. lb) found in several species. Because palynologi-
(e.g.,
cal variation was observed in the widespread and morphologically diverse species
«
' , 4
CONTR. UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN HERBARIUM VOLUME
52 22
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FIG. Pollen of Mexican Sienoslephanus and Central American Razisea. madrensis (Cam-
2. a. 5.
pos V. 4736), interaperlural view, fnonolophus {Matuda 3969)^ apcrtural view. monolophus
b. 5.
c.
.S".
{Matilda 3969), inlerapcrtural view. oaxacanus {Reko 3724), apcrtural view. oaxacanus
d. S.
e. S.
&
(Carlson 4022), inlerapertural view. f. S. sUvatinis (Breedlove Bartholomew 66948). g. S. silvaticus
(Mexia
9273), interapertural view. h. S. tacaneusis (Nelson 3794), inlerapertural view. Razisea
i.
spicata (Daniel e( al. 6231), interapertural view. Scale: a-h, bar = 10 |im; bar = 12.5
i, Jj.m.
haematodes, pollen of numerous individuals of was Some
S. this species studied.
of the palynological diversity observed within haematodes
5^. illustrated in Fig. 3
is
and under
discussed that species.
is
Mexican
Pollen of Stenostephanus resembles described and/or
that illustrated
by Wasshausen
(1985a, as Kalbreyemcanthus; 1984, 1985b, 1987a, 1987b, as Habra-
Wood
cantlius; 1985c, as Hansteinla), (1988, as Habracanthus), and Scotland (1990, as
Among
Habracanthus, Hansteinia, and Stenostephanus) South American
for species.
New
other genera from the World, Razisea (Fig. 2i) and Kalbreyeriella (Scotland
1990) both have similar pollen. Pollen of the related genus Cylindrosolenium was
described by Lindau (1897) as typical of Isoglossinae. Several genera from the
Old World, including Brachystephanus and Oreacanthus, have
also similar pollen
Daniel
(see 1998).
,
STENOSTEPHANUS
DANIEL:
1999
53
T
f
^
1
.
»^^
g^-'l^-^ m
ii
%
%
^
h'^ 1 raMt^ jj M
'
-s
4^ f^^^-^ >
w
^^^^^^^^^^^s^ J w--- ^:^J^J^KtEm m;:;-I ^
'
l^^.pr*
i^ 1*
*
'^
^^^^^^l^
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^^^^^^^f^
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J
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I
[
r
-^
J
4-
^iyfi';^IO
^i
^^M-"'^
%
w-^
f
'
^^^^^^^^^^^^ ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^1
FIG. Pollen of Stenostephanus haematodes. Ventura A. 20491, interapertural view. Daniel
3. a. b.
&
Acosta C. 8359, interapertural view. Hinton al 10758, interapertural view. Ventura A. 3425,
c. et d.
apertural view. Ventura A. 4670, interapertural view. Ventura A. 4670, detail of surface showing
e.
f.
sculpturing and terminus of peripheral band. Scale: a-e, bar = 10 ^m; bar = 2.2 \im.
f,
While additional sampling of Mexican species that are known from few
col-
lections necessary, several palynological characters appear to be useful for
is still
characterizing species and will likely be useful in phylogenetic studies of the genus.
Various palynological attributes of each species are provided in both the species
and
Table
descriptions
1.
CHROMOSOME
NUMBERS
No
chromosome
counts have been reported previously for species here treated in
Stenostephanus, During study, using methods noted by Daniel and Chuang
this
counts were obtained and haematodes
(1993), for glaber as well as for the
S. S.
American known
Central species currently Hansteinia blepharorhachis (Lindau)
as
Chromosomes
Durkee. several were counted each taxon and counts
in cells for
all
were n - The known chromosome number
18 (Fig. only in a related genus n
4).
is
-
From
which was
reported for Razisea (Daniel the preceding
18, et 1990).
al.
discussion of intergeneric relationships, evident that Razisea might not be
it is
A
common
from chromosome number
two
distinct Stenostephanus, single to these
chromosome
taxa further supports their close relationship. Additional counts
in
Stenostephanus and relatives, especially the Old World genera Braehystepha-
its
nus and Oreacanthus, are desirable.
AND
FLOWERING
DISTRIBUTION, HABITATS, TIMES
Stenostephanus occurs from east-central Mexico (Hidalgo, Zf'OO'N)
ca.
lat.
southward through Central America and northwestern South America Bolivia
to
The Andean
17°07'S). genus most species-rich South America, and
(ca. lat. is in
Colombia where The number
distribution centered in 34 species occur. of
its is
species drops off dramatically in other countries: Mexico Venezuela
(15),
(8),
3
r
HERBARIUM VOLUME
CONTR. UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN
54 22
Mexico
Tablc Palynological characteristics of species of Stenostcphaniis occurring in
1.
(E =
equatorial
axis).
Diameter of Diameter of OutHne of Width of
Longer
E:
apertural face inleraperlural interapertural peripheral
E
shorter
band (pm)
face (|im) face
(urn)
broadly
41-48 40-44 3-5
alushii 1.06-1.20 elliptic to
S.
subcircular
L66-L81 38-46 23-24 9-11
hreedlovei
elliptic
S.
narrowly
46-56 20-24 13-17
2.11-2.77
chiapensis w/
S,
elliptic
broadly
46-50 38-42
globe 1.16-1.21 9
S.
elliptic
suboblate to
50-54 50-57
1.00-1.05
5. i^nicilis 11
circular
narrowly
46-55
giicrrerensis 2.60 20 13
S.
elliptic
broadly
elliptic to
35^6
39-47 2-10
Iiacnuitodes 1.03-1.23
S.
subcircular to
oblate
47-48
Iwrlcyi 1.46 32 elliptic 7
S.
36 31 subcircular 6
lalilabris 1.15
S.
1.10 44 40 subcircular 8
S. iihulrciisis C
elliptic to
L43-1.92 40-50 26-31 broadly 15-17
niofiolopliiis
S.
elliptic
narrowly
oaxaauuis 1.48-2.27 38-50 22-27 2-1
S. elliptic to
1
elliptic
piirpusii 1.04 38 36 subcircular 7
S.
narrowly
31-39 10-17 10-13
1-S5-3.33
S. silvciticus
elliptic
5-7
50-52 44-49
1.03-1.12 subcircular
tacanetisis
5.
Costa Rica and Ecuador Guatemala Peru Panama and Bolivia
(7), (6), (4), (3),
Brazil and Nicaragua based on Glockeria glandiilosa Oerst., the identity
(L?,
(2),
of which remains to hi^ confirmed). Species hkely occur in other mountainous
countries of Central America Honduras) but have yet to be collected there.
(i.e.,
Stenostephaniis represented in Central America by at least 13 species, most of
is
which Habracanthus
are currently treated either or Hanstcinia.
in
DANIEL: STENOSTEPHANUS
1999
55
#
#
%
4
t
i
%
%
FIG. Camera chromosome
lucida drawings of meiotic preparations, Hansteinia blepharorha-
4.
a.
&
Almeda
{Daniel ^
chis 6366), telophase I, /7 18. b. Stenostephanus glaber {Daniel e( ai 8405),
&
(chromosomes =
telophase from only of shown), n haematodes {Daniel Acosta
1/2 cell 18. c. S. C.
I
-
-
8359), late diakinesis n 18. Scale bar 10
j.im.
1,
Most known
from
Species are only a single country; this distribution pattern
reflects the high degree of local endemism characteristic of many species. Of the
Mexican
15 species of Stenostephanus, ten are endemic to Mexico, three occur
only Mexico and Guatemala, and two occur Mexico and Amer-
in in other Central
ican countries. Within Mexico, four species are endemic to Chiapas, two species
known
are only from Oaxaca, and two species occur only Guerrero.
in
Wood
noted
(1988) that species of Stenostephanus are largely restricted to
wet cloud forests between 1700 and 3000 meters elevation. This generally true
is
Mexican which found from
for species, are at elevations (400) 1000 to 2875 meters.
Mexican
All species occur at or above 1000 meters, and the presence of oaxaeanus
S,
known
at 2875 meters elevation represents the highest occurrence of Acanthaceae
in
— —— — —
VOLUME
CONTR. UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN HERBARIUM 22
56
Mexico. Plants generally occur in vegetation types that vary from mesic to wet:
temperate deciduous oak pine-oak pine-oak Liquidaiuhar
forests, forests, forests,
mesophytic montane montane and cloud Only
forests, rain forests, forests.
forests,
haematodes, and can be found eleva-
three species, S. gracilis, S. S, silvaticus, at
tions below 1000 meters where they occur in tropical deciduous forests (apparently
mon-
rarely so and then always near water in these otherwise dry forests), lower
montane The
and mesophytic propensity of the majority
tane rain forests, forests.
of Mexican species to occur at relatively high elevations, particularly in relatively
abundance
isolated, cloud forest habitats, likely contributes to the of small-scale
Andean
endemism noted above and undoubtedly helps explain the largely charac-
of the distribution of the genus.
ter
Wood swampy
(1988) also noted that most species occur along streams or in
ground and that plants found apart from such situations are sterile. Indeed, most
Mexican collections of Stoiostephanns w^ere noted to have been collected from
Of
two
near streams or springs. the species that studied in their native habitats,
I
one hacmatodcs) occurred along a stream and the other glaber) occurred
{S, {S.
on moist, level ground along a cloudswept ridge. Both were fertile.
Although flowering among Mexican species of Stenostephanus has been recorded
during every month of the year, most species have been collected in flower between
October and March. This corresponds to the end of the wet season and a major
Wood
portion of the dry season Mexico. (1988) noted that species flower only
in
and propagated
at irregular intervals for a short time. Plants oi S. chiapensis that I
in a garden from seed of the type have failed to flower over a six-year period.
Further studies of Stenostephanus might consider the possibility of gregarious
New
known among Acanthaceae from World) and
flowering (not the the rela-
between microhabitat and phenology.
tionship floral
TAXONOMY
Stenostephanus Nees Martius, Fl (Jun) 1847. Type: StenostepJianus
in bras, 91.
9:
Nees.
lobeliiformis
DC,
Habracanthiis Nees in A. Prodr. 11: 312. (Nov) 1847. Type: Habracan-
Nees
silvaticus [-Stenostephanus silvaticus (Nees) T. F. Daniel].
thiis
DC,
Galeottia Nees in A. Prodr. 11; 311. 1847, non Galeottia Rupr., 1842, nee
DC,
Nees
Galeottia A. Rich., 1845. Glockeria in A. Prodr. 11: 728, 1847,
non Nees
Glockeria Gopp., 1836. Type: Galeottia gracilis [-Stenostepha-
nus haematodes (Schltdl.) T. F. Daniel].
Dansk Kj0benhavn
Hansteinia Oerst., Vidensk. Meddel. Naturhist. Foren.
1854: 142. 1855. Type: Hansteinia gracilis Oerst. {^Stenostephanus gracilis
(Oerst.) T. F. Daniel].
&
Gastranthus Moritz ex Benth. Hook, Gen. 1107. 1876, non
pi. 2(2):
f..
Gastranthus MuelL, 1868. Type: Gastranthus schlechtendahlii Moritz
F.
&
Hook. Lindau
ex Benth. [^Stenostephanus lasiostachyus Nees,
fide
f.
The and
author place of publication of G. schlechtendahlii are
1895].
Beatham
Hooker, 1877)" by
given as ''Moritz ex (in Ic. PI. 1210,
t,
Bremekamp The
in Farr et (1979). generic description followed by a
al.
name
Genera
citation of the of the sole species in plantaruni fulfills the
Nomen-
Code
requirements of Article 42 of the I/iternadofud of Botanical
clature (Greuter et 1994) for a descriptio generico-specifica.
al.