Revision of Oligotylus Van Duzee with Descriptions of Ten New Species from Western North America and Comments on Lepidargyrus in the Nearctic (Heteroptera: Miridae: Phylinae: Phylini)

44 Pages·2000·0.64 MB·English

by  Randall T. Schuh

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PUBLISHED BY THE AMERICAN MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY
CENTRAL PARK WEST AT 79TH STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10024
Number 3300, 44 pp., 16 figures, 1 table June 28, 2000
Revision of Oligotylus Van Duzee with
Descriptions of Ten New Species from
Western North America and Comments on
Lepidargyrus in the Nearctic (Heteroptera:
Miridae: Phylinae: Phylini)
RANDALL T. SCHUH1
ABSTRACT
Oligotylus Van Duzee, 1916, is revised to include 16 species from western NorthAmerica,
six of which were previously described and placed in Psallus Fieber. Habitus and male gen-
italic illustrations are provided for all Oligotylus species; scanning micrographs of the head,
scent-gland evaporatory area, vestiture, and pretarsus are included for selected species; a key
to the species is presented. Oligotylus is compared with Lepidargyrus Muminov, the latter
groupbeingrepresentedinNorthAmericabyasingleintroducedspecies,L.ancorifer(Fieber);
itisalsocomparedwithPlagiognathusFieber,whichisdiverseinNorthAmerica,andPsallus
Fieber, which has no species native to North America except possibly at very high latitudes.
Included for L. ancorifer are illustrations of male genitalia, scanning micrographs of selected
structures, and locality and host data. The male genitalia and host associations of Oligotylus
areshowntobedistinctivefromthoseofLepidargyrus,Plagiognathus,andPsallus.Oligotylus
species all feed on woody perennials in the families Rhamnaceae, Rosaceae, Saxifragaceae,
and occasionally Ericaceae. Extensive host documentation is provided.
INTRODUCTION linaeinNorthAmericainPlagiognathusFie-
berorPsallusFieber(e.g.,Knight,1923).He
Harry H. Knight, dean of the NorthAmer- distinguished between these two genera on
ican Miridae, placed most large, black Phy- the basis of the vestiture of the dorsum. In
1GeorgeWillettCuratorofEntomologyandChair,DivisionofInvertebrateZoology,AmericanMuseumofNatural
History.
Copyright(cid:2)AmericanMuseumofNaturalHistory2000 ISSN0003-0082/Price$4.60
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2 AMERICAN MUSEUM NOVITATES NO. 3300
Plagiognathus, the dorsal vestiturewascom- cies for the genus. Slater and Knight (1954)
posed of a single type of fine, chiefly erect designated their new species Psallus brevi-
setae, whereas in Psallus the dorsal vestiture tylus Slater and Drake, 1954, as the type of
comprised closely appressed, tomentose or Oligotylus.
scalelike setae often interspersed with more My analysis of Oligotylus is based on the
erect, simple setae (Knight, 1923). Until examination of a large amount of material;
now, no authors have chosen to seriously just under 4000 specimens are listed in the
question these diagnoses. Material Examined sections. It was unclear
The first and only published illustrations at the outset how many species might be in-
of male genitalia of North American Phyli- volved, and indeed my first sorting of the
nae during the working lifetime of Knight material badly underestimated the numberof
were those of his student L. A. Kelton. Kel- Oligotylus species I finally recognized. Idis-
ton (1959) examined 24 species of Phylinae, sected more than 90 male specimens,anum-
and later monographed a number of genera, ber that would certainly have been much
consistently illustrating the male genitalia. higher had much of the material not had as-
Kelton confirmed what was already known sociated host data. I did not attempt to iden-
to European workers like Eduard Wagner: tify some specimens to species, particularly
that the male genitalia of the Phylinae pos- females,whichlackedhostsandwereinpoor
sessed attributes important for diagnosing condition.
genera and for separating species within The habitus photographs are not all repro-
those genera. He did not, however, seriously duced at a comparable scale. Thus, relative
address the issue of Knight’s diagnoses for sizes of the taxa cannot be assessed by com-
Plagiognathus and Psallus, nor did he deter- paring the figures. Detailed measurements
mine if the North American species placed for all species are given in table 1, and these
in those genera conformed to the concepts data should be used for making size com-
based on Palearctic type species. parisons.
Dissection of males of most North Amer- All measurements are given in millime-
ican phyline species has clarified several ters.
points relative to the above discussion. First,
there are apparently no native species of ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
Psallus in North America, although several
widespread Palearctic species are known to I especially thank John D. Lattin, Profes-
occur here (Wheeler and Henry, 1992; see sor Emeritus of Entomology at Oregon State
also Schwartz and Kelton, 1990). Second, University, Corvallis, who originally stimu-
Plagiognathus, in the sense of the type spe- lated my interest in working on North Amer-
cies arbustorum (Fabricius) includes many icanMiridae,andmoreparticularlytheWest-
North American species, but some of those ern fauna. It is now clear to me that Jack’s
species were placed in Psallus by Knight. enthusiasm for these bugs far outstrippedthe
And third, many of the species placed in useful literaturepertainingtothem.Nonethe-
thesetwogenerabyKnightbelongtoneither. less, had Jack not recognized the novelty of
The previously described taxa treated in the fauna and the need for additional work
the present paper were all placed in Psallus. on it, I might never have pursued the study
Comparisons of the male genitalia make it of the remarkably diverse Phylinae of the
clear that none of the species belongtoPsal- West.
lus. Rather, the distinctive assemblage of 16 Michael D. Schwartz and Gary M. Sto-
western North American species, 10 which nedahldeservethanksfortheirinvaluableef-
are herein described as new, can be grouped forts in collecting much of the host-docu-
under the existing generic name Oligotylus mentedmaterial,fortechnicalassistance,and
Van Duzee, 1916a. As noted by Slater and for helping to solve taxonomic problems re-
Knight (1954), Van Duzee first used the latedtothisproject.Bothofthemareexperts
name Oligotylus in his synoptic key to the on the Western fauna in their own right and
genera of North American Miridae; he did have contributed greatly to the development
notatthattime,orlater,designateatypespe- of this and other studies.
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Jeff Knight, University of Nevada, Reno, ture and Agri-Food Canada, Ottawa, Leondard
arranged permission to collect at the Depart- A. Kelton and Michael D. Schwartz (CNC)
mentofEnergyAtomicTestSite,NyeCoun- Natural History Museum of Los AngelesCounty,
Julian P. Donahue (LACM)
ty, Nevada. My late father, Joe Schuh, intro-
OregonStateUniversity,Corvallis,JohnD.Lattin
duced me to many productive localities in
(OSU)
southern Oregon and northern California.
John T. Polhemus Collection, Englewood, Colo-
John Pinto and his family provided valuable
rado (JTP)
field assistance and hospitality in southern San Diego Museum of Natural History, David K.
California. John, Irma, and Dan Polhemus Faulkner (SDNM)
provided hospitalityandfieldsupportinCol- University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, the late
orado. To all of these individuals and orga- Floyd Werner (UAZ)
nizations I offer my sincere thanks. UniversityofCalifornia,Berkeley,JohnChemsak
(UBC)
Fieldwork and initialassemblyandsorting
University of California, Davis, the late Robert
of collections were supported by NSF grants
Schuster (UCD)
DEB-8113481 and BSR-8516635. Habitus
University of California, Riverside, Saul From-
photographs were prepared and locality data
mer, John D. Pinto (UCR)
recorded by Erica Chiao, with support from University of Kansas, Snow Entomological Mu-
a National Science Foundation Research Ex- seum, Lawrence, Alex Slater (KU)
periences for Undergraduates grant to the United States National Museum of Natural His-
American Museum of Natural History tory, Washington, D. C., Thomas J. Henry, U.
(AMNH), Melany Stiassny, Principal Inves- S. Department of Agriculture Systematic Ento-
mologyLaboratory,andRichardC.Froeschner,
tigator. I thank Mark Abraham and John
Smithsonian Institution (USNM)
Davey, Natural HistoryMagazine,American
Museum of Natural History, for their assis-
Oligotylus Van Duzee
tance with digitizing the photographs. Chris-
tine Johnson, Scientific Assistant, American
Oligotylus Van Duzee, 1916a: 216 (n. gen., in
Museum of Natural History, edited the dig- key).
ital images, measured the specimens,and as-
sembled the illustrations in their final form. TYPE SPECIES: PsallusbrevitylusSlaterand
Knight, 1954 (by subsequent designation)
The herbarium staff at the New York Bo-
DIAGNOSIS: Oligotylus spp. are most easily
tanical Garden identified the hosts for mate-
confused with Lepidargyrus ancorifer and
rial collected by Michael Schwartz, Gary
some large, black Plagiognathus and Psallus
Stonedahl, and me. These authoritative de-
spp., on the basis of the body size, nearly
terminations add greatly to confidence in our
black coloration, and the rather shaggy ves-
knowledge of host relationships within Oli-
titure. The males of Oligotylus can usually
gotylus. My sincere thanks to Jackie Kallun-
be recognized by the very large size and
ki, Eileen Schofield, Arnold Tiehm, and
squared-off shape of the genital capsule as
James Grimes for their prompt and profes-
viewed from the side (fig. 8C), whereas in
sional service.
Lepidargyrus, Plagiognathus, and Psallus
Manyindividualsandinstitutionsprovided
the ventral surface of the genital capsule is
material for this study. Without their assis-
distinctlyandmore-or-lessuniformlysloping
tance, the diversity of the group would be
from its anteroventral margin to the apex
much less well understood. Institutions,
(fig. 15C), being much more nearly conical
names of curators or other responsible indi-
in form than is the case in Oligotylus; the
viduals, and institutional abbreviations are
genital capsule in Psallus species is also
presented in the following list: much smaller than in Oligotylus. The geni-
talia of Oligotylus are themselves distinctive
American Museum of Natural History (AMNH)
and allow for discrimination among the spe-
California Department of Food and Agriculture,
cies; the vesica differs dramatically from
Sacramento, Alan Hardy (CAFA)
California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco, Lepidargyrus in having two apical spines or
Paul Arnaud, Jr., Norman Penny (CAS) blades (figs. 4, 6, 10, 13, 14) as opposed to
Canadian National Collection of Insects,Agricul- one (fig.16A);fromsimilar-appearing,large,
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blackPlagiognathusspeciesbybeingstrong- proximal portion of relatively large, heavily
ly bent near the base as well as twisted; and sclerotized secondary gonopore; phallotheca
from Psallus species by its much larger size, L-shaped without obviously distinctive fea-
conspicuous bending, and dramatic differ- tures within the Phylinae (fig. 13); left par-
ences in apical ornamentation. amere typically phyline (fig. 13); right para-
DESCRIPTION: Male: Relatively large, mere elongate (fig. 13), much more so than
heavy-bodied, range of total length 2.92– in Lepidargyrus ancorifer (fig. 16B), Pla-
4.57. COLORATION: Generally black, giognathus, and Psallus.
blackish-brown, or red-orange. SURFACE Female: Coloration and vestiture as in
AND VESTITURE: Body surface smooth, males.Bodyformalwaysovoid,eveninspe-
dull to weakly shining. Dorsum and venter cies with elongate, parallel-sided males.
with recumbent simple setae; dorsumalways ETYMOLOGY: Named for Edward P. Van
with some woolly setae (figs. 1, 2), venter Duzee, the first individual to personally col-
with or without such setae. STRUCTURE: lect and describe a significant number of
Head: short, transverse, clypeus never visi- Miridae from North America, and particular-
blefromabove;antennaeshowingveryweak lyCalifornia,combinedwiththeclassicalge-
sexual dimorphism, segment 2 slightly nar- neric name Phylus Hahn, 1831. Masculine.
rower and more tapered proximally in fe- DISCUSSION: Several Oligotylus speciesare
males than in males, segments 3 and 4 slen- similarinappearancetoLepidargyrusancor-
der;gulaveryshort,posteriormarginofbuc- iferandsomelarge,blackPlagiognathusand
culae adjacent to anterior pronotal margin; Psallus species, but males can be separated
labium either short and reaching only to by the shape of the genital capsule and by
about mesotrochanters or longer and reach- the structure of the vesica. Their distinctive
ing to metatrochanters. Pronotum: at least nature is also often corroborated by their bi-
twice as broad as long, disc evenly convex, ology. Whereas Lepidargyrus ancorifer
calli not demarcated; posterior margin weak- breeds only on annual plants,Oligotylusspe-
ly concave across moderately exposed me- cies are restricted to woody shrubsandsmall
soscutum; scutellum very weakly convex. trees, apparently all members of the Rosa-
Hemelytra: always macropterous, mem- ceae, Rhamnaceae, Saxifragaceae, and less
brane well developed, apex of abdomen commonly on the Ericaceae, thefewremain-
reaching to about posterior margin of mem- ing records pertaining to other familiesprob-
brane cells; corial margin very weakly to ably being sitting records. Plagiognathus
moderately convex in males, distinctly con- may breed on either annuals or perennials,
vex in females. Legs: tibiae withmoderately depending on the species, but none are
heavy black spines with dark bases; claws knownfromtheRhamnaceae,andnonefrom
strongly curving; parempodia setiform; pul- the rosaceous genera feduponbyOligotylus.
villi relatively small, covering about half of Those Psallus species that occur in North
ventral claw surface. Abdomen: genitalcap- Americafeedonthesamegeneraasdothose
sule very large, occupying about half of inthePalearctic,primarilyAlnus,Betula,and
length of abdomen; capsule in lateral view Salix, none of which serve as hosts for Oli-
deep,posteroventralmarginsharplyrounded, gotylus. Most Oligotylus species are restrict-
posterior and ventral surfaces appearing at edtofeedingonasinglegenusorsinglespe-
nearly right angles to one another. GENI- cies within one of these families, although a
TALIA (figs. 4, 6, 10, 13, 14): [In this de- few, such as nigerrimus, are known to breed
scription and that of the species, the vesica on both the Rhamnaceae and Rosaceae.
is always viewed and described where the Oligotylus species have proven to be even
vesical blades are lying flat in the viewing more difficult to separate from one another
plane.] Vesica very large and heavily scler- than they are from similar-appearing mem-
otized, strongly curving (bent) basally, J- bers of other genera. The length of the labi-
shaped, often with some twisting; vesical um and coloration allow for recognition of
straps apically forming two large, rather three groupings that are utilized in the pre-
broad blades, these frequently forming a sent paper, including the key below. Distri-
nearly right angle with body of vesica near butions and host associations will separate
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additional species. In the end, however, the venter with pale, scalelike setae concen-
only definitive indicators of specific identity trated primarily along abdominal margin,
for many species are found in the male gen- never with entire venter densely covered
italia. Thus, to function effectively, the fol- ................................ 7
– Smaller species, malessometimesnearlypar-
lowing key will require occasional—if not
allel-sided, but body form usually more
frequent—dissections of the male genitalia.
ovoid, length apex clypeus-cuneal fracture
never more than 2.75 in males, usuallyun-
KEY TO SPECIES OF OLIGOTYLUS der 2.70, in females 2.79, usually under
1. Generalbodycolorationorangetoorange-red 2.75; venter sometimes densely covered
(fig. 11), sometimes weakly to moderately with appressed, pale, scalelike setae ... 8
infuscate (GROUP 3) .............. 2 7. Tibiae infuscate to black in both sexes, bases
– General body coloration medium brown to of tibial spines not strongly demarcated
black (figs. 1, 3, 5, 7, 9), occasionallywith from general tibial coloration; femora usu-
some pale areas, and with some distinctly ally black distally, pale to reddish proxi-
reddish coloration, particularly in females mally; entire cuneus unicolorous, usually
of ceanothi ....................... 5 black; all antennal segments black in both
2. Males and females distinctly ovate (fig. 11); sexes; vesica as in figure 6; southern
coloration usually distinctly orange, some- Oregon, northern California; ex Ribes spp.
times partiallyreddish;malegenitaliaasin ............................ ribesi
figure13;southernOregontonorthernBaja – Tibiae pale, bases of tibial spines black con-
California; ex Cercocarpus spp. ...... trasting with lighter background coloration
.......................... carneatus of tibiae; femora entirely pale, usually yel-
– Males more elongate and parallel-sided than lowish; base of cuneus variably pale
distinctly ovate females (fig. 11); endocor- (brownish) in both sexes; antennal seg-
ium and clavus in males often darker than ments 1 and 2 in females mostlypale,seg-
remainderofdorsum,incontrasttocarnea- ment 1 black at base, segment 2 infuscate
tus ............................. 3 on distal third; all antennal segmentsblack
3. Antennalsegment1inmalesmostlydark,in- in males; vesica as in figure 6; southern
fuscate, segment 2 infuscate proximally California; ex Ribes sp. .... saxifragicola
and distally, both segments often largely 8. Coiling of body of vesica and shape and ori-
pale in females; male genitalia as in figure entationofvesicalbladesasshownforcer-
14; central and southern Great Basin; ex
cocarpicola in figure 4; antennal segment
Cercocarpus ledifolius ......... merinoi
2 usually black in both sexes, sometimes
– Antennal segments 1 and 2 orange or pale in
partiallypaleinlessfrequentlyencountered
both males and females ............. 4
lighter-colored specimens; widely distrib-
4. Larger species, length apex clypeus–cuneal
uted from Oregon east to Colorado plains,
fracture in males, 2.61–2.99 in females
south to northern Mexico; usually on Cer-
2.79–2.99; vesica in male as in figure 14;
cocarpus spp., more rarely on other Rosa-
northwestern Colorado; ex Cercocarpus
ceae ................. cercocarpicola
montanus ................. schwartzi
– Coiling of body of vesica and shape and ori-
– Smaller species, length apex clypeus–cuneal
entation of apical blades not as in cerco-
fracture in males 2.26–2.66, in females
carpicola; antennal segment 2 largely pale
2.42–2.82; vesica in male as in figure 14;
in both sexes, never totally black; breeds
ex Cercocarpus breviflorus, C. ledifolius;
on Ceanothus spp. ................. 9
southern Utah to northern Mexico ....
9. Known range restricted to Central Valley of
...................... paracarneatus
California and southwestern Oregon; male
5. Apex of labium at most just attaining middle
genitalia as in figure 4; recorded from Ce-
trochanters,rarelyslightlylonger,butnever
surpassing posterior margin of middle tro- anothus sp. and Quercus sp. ... centralis
chanters (GROUP 1) ............... 6 – Range more southerly, from southern Cali-
– Apex of labium surpassing (sometimes very fornia east to New Mexico ......... 10
slightly) posterior margin of middle tro- 10. Male genitalia as in figure 4, vesical blades
chanters, often reaching to posterior tro- ofunequallength,notsuperposedonapical
chanters (GROUP 2) .............. 12 half; southern California and western Ari-
6. Larger species, males nearly parallel-sided, zona; ex Ceanothus spp. ... meridionalis
length apex clypeus-cuneal fracture in – Vesicalbladeseitherofnearlyequallength(ya-
malesatleast2.81,infemalesatleast2.87; vapaiensis) or posterior blade not smoothly
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taperingtoasharppoint(brevitylus);Arizona neal fracture in males never greater than
and southern California ............. 11 2.66, in females 2.68 .............. 15
11. Tibia with a black stripe along opposing sur- 14. Usually at least hemelytra and femora with
faces; male genitalia as in figure 4; coastal some reddish in males, head, pronotum,
mountains of southern California; ex Cea- andscutellumalsoreddishinfemales;base
nothus cuneatus, Cercocarpus betuloides of cuneus unicolorous with remainder of
......................... brevitylus hemelytra; scent-gland auricle entirely
– Tibiae without a black stripe along opposing dark; dorsum appearing dull; usually on
surfaces; male genitalia as in figure 6; Ar- Ceanothusspp.,morerarelyArctostaphylos
izona; Ceanothus greggii ... yavapaiensis sp.;northernBajaCalifornia,Arizona,Cal-
12. Tibiae with a continuous black stripe on op- ifornia, southwestern Oregon .. ceanothi
posing surfaces; male genitalia as in figure – General coloration of head, scutellum, and
10, with minute serrations on apex of pos- hemelytra in males shining black, females
teriorapicalblade;dorsumandfemorausu- lighter and partially reddish; bases of cu-
ally almost entirely black; Pasadena, Cali- neus always white in both sexes, and
fornia; northern California north to Okan- strongly contrasting withremainderofdor-
agan Valley of British Columbia and east sum in males; legs pale proximally but not
to Wyoming; usually ex Purshia sp., also reddish; scent-gland auricle pale on poste-
Ceanothus spp. ........... nigerrimus riormargin,usuallylargelydarkanteriorly;
– Tibiae without a continuous black stripe on dorsum usually appearing polished; ex Ce-
opposing surfaces; male genitalia without anothus spp.; central coast of California
minute serrations on apex of posterior api- south to northern Baja California .....
cal blade ........................ 13 ......................... maneadero
13. Larger species, males nearly parallel-sided, 15. Male genitalia as in figure 10; dorsum gen-
length apex clypeus-cuneal fracture in erallyblack;femoraalwaysheavilyorange;
males at least 2.63, in females 2.62 .. 14 Great Basin and its margins; ex Purshia
– Somewhat smaller species, males more ovate sp., Cowania sp., Ceanothus sp. ......
in outline, average length apex clypeus-cu- ........................... purshiae
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– Malegenitaliaasinfigure10;dorsumusually the basis of five specimenscollectedin‘‘San
at least partly brownish, legs not reddish; Diego Co., California’’ on May 20, 1913,
coastal mountains of southern California; and June 8, 1913, with no host data. I have
ex Ceanothus spp. ............. pintoi
examined a male paratype collected on each
of these two dates. The phallus for the May
GROUP 1: BLACK SPECIES, LABIUM 20 specimen was apparently lost,so mygen-
SHORT, NOT SURPASSING MIDDLE italic comparisons are based on the June 8
TROCHANTERS specimen and on additional material from
SantaBarbaraandSanLuisObispocounties,
Oligotylus brevitylus (Slater and Knight), which would appear to represent brevitylus
new combination on the basis of labial length andthepresence
Figures 1, 4 of black stripes on opposing surfaces of the
tibiae. Specimens here identified as brevity-
Psallus brevitylus Slater and Knight, 1954: 144
lus were collected on Ceanothus and Cer-
(n. sp.).
cocarpus,suggestingthatthetaxonmayhave
DIAGNOSIS:RecognizedalongwithO.cen- multiple hosts, or that available data are am-
tralis, O. meridionalis, and O. yavapaiensis biguous if it is indeed host-specific.
by its relatively small size, short labium, a SPECIMENS EXAMINED: USA: California:
mostly pale second antennal segment, and San Diego Co.:May 20,1913, E. P.VanDu-
similar structure of the male genitalia. Dis- zee – Paratypes: 1(cid:3) (CAS); June 8, 1913, E.
tinguished from those species by the details P. Van Duzee – Paratypes: 1(cid:3) (AMNH).San
of genitalic structure (fig. 4) and the black Luis Obispo Co.: Arroy. Grd. Creek SW of
stripes on opposing surfaces of the tibiae. San Luis Obispo, 160 m, May 8, 1985, R. T.
REDESCRIPTION: Male: Relatively small Schuh, B.M. Massie, ex Ceanothus cuneatus
species(fig.1),totallength2.92–3.86,length (Rhamnaceae), 2(cid:3) (AMNH). Santa Barbara
apex clypeus–cuneal fracture 2.20–2.82, Co.: Upper Oso Campground off Rte 154,
width across pronotum 1.15–1.40. COLOR- 310 m, May 7, 1985, R. T. Schuh and B. M.
ATION: Blackish brown to black; antennal Massie, ex Cercocarpus betuloides (Rosa-
segment 2 pale except extreme proximaland ceae), 2(cid:3) (AMNH).
distal portion, remainder of segment dark;
legs moderately to heavily infuscate; tro- Oligotylus centralis, new species
chanters pale; tibiae pale with a black stripe
Figures 1, 4
on opposing surfaces, spines dark with dark
bases. SURFACE AND VESTITURE: Sim- HOLOTYPE: Male, [USA:] Oregon: Jose-
plesetaedark;woollysetaesilvery,generally phineCo.:justS.ofPinehurst,1140m.,June
distributed and thickly set on dorsum and 27,1979,R.T.andJoeSchuh,ex:Ceanothus
pregenital abdominal sterna. STRUCTURE: cuneatus (Rhamnaceae). Deposited in the
Labium short, reaching to mesotrochanters. American Museum of Natural History.
GENITALIA: Vesical blades very long, DIAGNOSIS: Recognized along with brevi-
gently curving, anterior blade lanceolate, tylus, meridionalis, and yavapaiensis by its
broadly decurving and longer than posterior relatively small size, short labium, mostly
blade, posterior blade with distinctive apex, pale second antennal segment, and similar
blades of vesica at nearly right angles to structure of the male genitalia.Distinguished
body of vesica; base of vesica partially su- from those species by the details of genitalic
perposed over main body of vescia in lateral structure and by its more northerly distribu-
view, similar to yavapaiensis in twisting and tion.
general conformation (fig. 4). DESCRIPTION: Male: Relatively small spe-
Female: Unknown. cies (fig. 1), total length 3.04–3.73, length
HOSTS: Ceanothus cuneatus (Rhamna- apex clypeus–cuneal fracture 2.17–2.75,
ceae); Cercocarpus betuloides (Rosaceae). width across pronotum 1.13–1.35. COLOR-
DISTRIBUTION:Coastalmountainsofsouth- ATION: Blackish-brown to black; antennal
ern California. segment 2 pale except extreme proximaland
DISCUSSION: Thisspecieswasdescribedon distal portions, remainder of antennae dark;