R E V I S I O N WRITING LIVES Ethnographic Narratives Series Editors: Arthur P. Bochner & Carolyn Ellis University of South Florida Writing Lives: Ethnographic Narratives publishes narrative representations of qualitative research projects. The series editors seek manuscripts that blur the boundaries between humanities and social sciences. We encourage novel and evocative forms of expressing concrete lived experience, including autoethnographic, literary, poetic, artistic, visual, performative, critical, multivoiced, conversational, and coconstructed representations. We are interested in ethnographic narratives that depict local stories; employ literary modes of scene setting, dialogue, character development, and unfolding action; and include the author’s critical reflections on the research and writing process, such as research ethics, alternative modes of inquiry and representation, reflexivity, and evocative storytelling. Proposals and manuscripts should be directed to [email protected]. Volumes in this series: Erotic Mentoring: Women’s Transformations in the University, Janice Hocker Rushing Intimate Colonialism: Head, Heart, and Body in West African Development Work, Laurie L. Charlés Last Writes: A Daybook for a Dying Friend, Laurel Richardson A Trickster in Tweed: The Quest for Quality in a Faculty Life, Thomas F. Frentz Guyana Diaries: Women’s Lives Across Difference, Kimberly D. Nettles Writing Qualitative Inquiry: Self, Stories, and Academic Life, H. L. Goodall, Jr. Accidental Ethnography: An Inquiry into Family Secrecy, Christopher N. Poulos Revision: Autoethnographic Reflections on Life and Work, Carolyn Ellis R e v i s i o n Autoethnographic Reflections on Life and Work Carolyn Ellis First published 2009 by Left Coast Press, Inc. Published 2016 by Routledge 2 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon OX14 4RN 711 Third Avenue, New York, NY 10017, USA Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business Copyright © 2009 Taylor & Francis All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilised in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers. Notice: Product or corporate names may be trademarks or registered trademarks, and are used only for identification and explanation without intent to infringe. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Ellis, Carolyn, 1950– Revision : autoethnographic reflections on life and work / Carolyn Ellis. p. cm. -- (Writing lives : ethnographic narratives) Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-1-59874-039-4 (hardback : alk. paper) — ISBN 978-1-59874-040-0 (pbk. : alk. paper) 1. Ethnology—Authorship. 2. Ethnology—Biographical methods. I. Title. GN307.7.E437 2009 305.8—dc22 2008042276 ISBN 978-1-59874-039-4 hardcover ISBN 978-1-59874-040-0 paperback Contents Acknowledgments 9 Introduction: Reflecting on Meta-Autoethnography 11 part one: Growing Up in a Rural Community, Getting an Education, and Finding My Place in Community Ethnography Chapter 1: Goin’ to the Store, Sittin’ on the Street, and Runnin’ the Roads: Growing Up in a Rural Southern Neighborhood 19 Chapter 2: Talking Across Fences: Race Matters 35 Chapter 3: Investigating the Fisher Folk and Coping with Ethical Quagmires 61 part two: Becoming an Autoethnographer Chapter 4: Reliving Final Negotiations 81 Chapter 5: Renegotiating Final Negotiations: From Introspection to Emotional Sociology 95 part three: Surviving and Communicating Family Loss Chapter 6: Surviving the Loss of My Brother 121 Chapter 7: Rereading “There Are Survivors”: Cultural and Evocative Responses 141 Chapter 8: Rewriting and Re-Membering Mother 165 Chapter 9: Coconstructing and Reconstructing “The Constraints of Choice in Abortion” 195 part four: Doing Autoethnography as a Social Project Chapter 10: Breaking Our Silences/Speaking with Others 227 Chapter 11: Learning to Be “With” in Personal and Collective Grief 259 Chapter 12: Connecting Autoethnographic Performance with Community Practice 287 part five: Reconsidering Writing Practices, Relational Ethics, and Rural Communities Chapter 13: Writing Revision and Researching Ethically 301 Chapter 14: Returning Home and Revisioning My Story 319 Notes 355 References 363 Name Index by Judy Perry 381 Subject Index by Judy Perry 387 About the Author 395 Page Intentionally Left Blank For Laurel Richardson Norman Denzin Arthur Bochner My three muses who laid the groundwork and paved the way— and for all our students who have taken up the journey. Sokrates: Please assume, then, for the sake of argument, that there is in our souls a block of wax, in one case larger, in another smaller, in one case the wax is purer, in another more impure and harder, in some cases softer, and in some of proper quality . . . Let us, then, say that this is the gift of Mnemosyne (Memory), the mother of the Mousai (Muses), and that whenever we wish to remember anything we see or hear or think of in our own minds, we hold this wax under the perceptions and thoughts and imprint them upon it, just as we make impressions from seal rings; and whatever is imprinted we remember and know as long as its image lasts, but whatever is rubbed out or cannot be imprinted we forget and do not know. —Plato, Theaetetus 191c (trans. Fowler) Acknowledgments Il ove writing but I also love finishing a writing project and anticipating comments and feedback from new and older readers alike! It is with deep gratitude that I acknowl- edge my friends, colleagues, and students who have assisted with the completion of this book. First, those who read and commented on every page: Thanks to Laurel Richard- son for always asking the right questions and getting to the heart of the matter; to Lisa Tillmann for her superb editing skills and probing observations about what it means to do ethical research; to Judy Tanur for pointing out just the right word to use and helping me to reconstruct history by jogging my memory; to Mitch Allen for being supportively critical, having a sense of humor, and being willing to take risks; to Arthur Bochner for his incisive feedback and editing genius and for caring as much about my work as he does his own. I have dedicated this book to my three muses: Arthur Bochner, Norman Denzin, and Laurel Richardson. They are the three readers I keep in my mind as I write. I ask how they will interpret what I say, what questions they will ask, and how they will prod me to think deeper and wider. Then I ask if I have met their standards of excellence. I want to thank them for believing in the interpretive project; for paving the way with their words and actions; for acknowledging that scholarship should be caring, meaningful, and concerned with justice; and for being good friends as well as colleagues. I’d also like to thank Tom Frentz, H. L. (Bud) Goodall, Marilyn Myerson, Ron Pelias, Chris Poulos, and Karen Scott-Hoy for good conversations over the years about my work. My depart- ment chair, Kenneth Cissna, and my colleagues at University of South Florida deserve recognition for providing a supportive atmosphere of collegiality that encourages cre- ativity and risk-taking. I also acknowledge all the graduate students from University of South Florida who have inspired me and made me feel that the work I do is worthwhile. I want to thank, in particular, Tony Adams, Robin Boylorn, Christine Davis, Laura Ellingson, Mary Poole, Carol Rambo, Lisa Tillmann, and Jillian Tullis Owen, whose work and conversations directly inspired some of the ideas in this book. Additionally, I express my gratitude to Michael Arrington, Deborah Austin, Julia Barnhill, Korrie Bauman, Leigh Berger, Rachel Binns, Matthew Brooks, Dionel Cotanda, Keith Cherry, Elizabeth Curry, Elissa Foster, 9