Reviews on Immunoassay Technology: Volume 2

204 Pages·1988·10.218 MB·English

by  S. B. Pal (eds.)

REVIEWS ON IMMUNOASSAY TECHNOLOGY:
VOLUME 2
Reviews on Immunoassay
Technology
Volume 2
Edited by
S. B. Pal
Universitä Ulm
Abteilung für Innere Medizin I
D-7900 Ulm
F.R. of Germany
M
MACMILLAN
PRESS
© S. B. Pal and the Contributors 1988
Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 1988 978-0-333-46849-4
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First published 1988
Published by
THE MACMILLAN PRESS LTD
Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire RG21 2XS
and London
Companies and representatives
throughout the world
Typeset by TecSet Ltd, Wallington, Surrey
British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data
Reviews on immunoassay technology.
Vol. 2
1. Immunoassay
I. Pal, S. B.
616.07'56 RB46.5
ISSN 0952-7168
ISBN 978-1-349-10320-1 ISBN 978-1-349-10318-8 (eBook)
DOI 10.1007/978-1-349-10318-8
Contents
The Contributors vii
Preface ix
1. Human Monoclonal Antibodies Produced by Epstein-Barr Virus
Immortalized Cell Lines: Technical and Theoretical Principles
M. Steinitz 1
2. Sensitive Enzyme and Erythro Immunoassays for Detection of
Human Pregnancy S. K. Gupta 19
3. Automated Methods to Test Polymorphonuclear Leucocyte Function
P. De Paoli and G. F. Santini 31
4. The Epstein-Barr Virus-Hybridoma Technique for Production of
Human Monoclonal Antibodies R. Burioni, J. Romano,
W. Abramow-Newerly, J. C. Roder, C. M. Croce and D. Kozbor 51
5. Application of Liposomes in Non-isotopic Immunoassays: A
Review N. Monji, C.-A. Cole and A. Castro 73
6. Establishment of a Particle Concentration Fluorescence Immunoassay
(PCFIA) for the Measurement of Human IgG in Culture Supernatants
M. B. Compas and Y. G. A levy 85
7. Establishment of a Very Sensitive Avidin-Biotin ELISA for the
Measurement of Human IgG Y. G. A levy and C. M. Blynn 101
8. Methodology, Limitations and Uses of Antigen-binding Assays in
the Analysis ofT Cell Receptor-Antigen Interactions B. E. Elliott,
R. G. E. Palfree, S. Mundinger and Z. A. Nagy 113
9. Spin Immunoassays C. C. Curtain and L. M. Gordon 133
10. Enzyme-linked Immunoassays for Detection of Anti-drug
Antibodies J. W. Coleman 159
vi Contents
11. IgE Measurement in Serum and Culture Supernatant C. Gaveriaux
and F. Loor 175
Notes on Contributors 187
Index 201
The Contributors*
Wanda Abramow-Newerly Carol-Ann Cole
Mount Sinai Research Institute Genetic Systems Corporation
600 University Avenue 3005 First Av enue
Toronto M5G 1X5 Seattle, WA 98121
Canada (51) USA (73)
Yael G. Alevy
J. W. Coleman
Howard Hughes Medical Institute Department of Pharmacology and
Washington University School of Therapeutics
Medicine University of Liverpool
660 South Euclid Liverpool L69 3BX
Box 8045 UK (159)
StLouis, MO 63110
USA (85)
Mary Beth Com pas
Immunology Research Section
Catherine M. Blynn
Monsanto Company, AA4G
Department of Immunobiology
Health Care Division
Biotech Division
700 Chesterfield Village Parkway
Ortho Pharmaceutical Corporation
St Louis, MO 63198
Raritan, NJ 08869
USA (85)
USA (85 and 101)
R. Burioni C. M. Croce
Istituto di Microbiologia The Wistar Institute of Anatomy and
Universita Cattolica del Sacra Cuore Biology
Largo Francesco Vito 1 36th Street at Spruce
00168 Rome Philadelphia, PA 19104
Italy (51) USA (51)
A. Castro C. C. Curtain
University of Miami School of Medicine CSIRO Division of Biotechnology
South Campus, 12500 S.W. 152nd Street Private Bag No. 10
Building B Clayton
Miami, FL 33177 Victoria 316 8
USA (73) Australia (133)
•Numbers in parentheses indicate the page on which the authors' articles begin.
viii The Contributors
P. De Paoli Susan Mundinger
Microbiologia Immunologia Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center
Ospedale Civile 410 East 68th Street
33170 Pordenone New York, NY 10021
Italy (31) USA (113)
B. E. Elliott Z. A. Nagy
Cancer Research Laboratories Preclinical Research Dept
Botterell Hall Building 386/110
Department of Pathology Sandoz Ltd
Queen's University CH-4002 Basel
Kingston Switzerland (113)
Ontario K7L 3N6
Canada (113)
R. G. E. Palfree
Claire Gaveriaux
Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center
Preclinical Research Dept 410 East 68th Street
Building 386/125 New York, NY 10021
Sandoz Ltd
USA (113)
CH 4002 Basel
Switzerland (175)
J. C. Roder
L. M. Gordon
The Rees-Stealy Research Foundation Mount Sinai Research Institute
600 University Avenue
San Diego, CA 92101
Toronto
USA (133)
Ontario M5G 1X5
S. K. Gupta Canada (51)
National Institute of Immunology
Post Box No. 4922
New Delhi 110029 Josephine Romano
India (19) The Wistar Institute of Anatomy and
Biology
Danuta Kozbor 36th Street at Spruce
The Wistar Institute of Anatomy and Philadelphia, PA 19104
Biology USA(51)
36th Street at Spruce
Philadelphia, PA 19104 G. F. Santini
USA (51) Microbiologia Immunologia
Ospedale Civile
F. Loor 33170 Pordenone
Laboratoire d'Immunologie Italy (31)
Universite Louis Pasteur
B.P. 10,67048 Strasbourg
France (1 7 5) M. Steinitz
Department of Pathology
N. Monji The Hebrew University-Hadassah
Genetic Systems Corporation Medical School
3005 First Avenue P.O.B. 1172
Seattle, WA 98121 Jerusalem 91010
USA (73) Israel (1)
Preface
The second volume of Reviews on Immunoassay Technology contains 11 chap
ters by 25 authors and although some articles cannot, strictly speaking, be
considered as reviews, they have the makings of a review and have therefore been
included. It is hoped that the range of topics covered in this volume and the
information presented will be useful to those engaged in immunoassay.
Much credit goes to The Macmillan Press Ltd for making the necessary arrange
ments for the publication of this series. I should also like to thank Dr. D.
Donaldson, MRCP, FRCPath, Consultant Chemical Pathologist, East Surrey
Hospital, Redhill, Surrey, UK, for his helpful suggestions during the preparation
of this volume, and Mrs. M. R. Lingard-Pal for her assistance as an honorary
editorial secretary.
Ulm, 1987 S. B.P.
1. Human Monoclonal Antibodies
Produced by Epstein-Barr Virus
Immortalized Cell Lines: Technical and
Theoretical Principles
M. STEINITZ
INTRODUCTION
Continuous cell lines that produce monoclonal antibodies are now routinely
established from mouse and rat origin according to the hybridoma method
(Kohler and Milstein, 1975). This method is still, to a large extent, limited to
rodents and only very few positive results using human cells have been reported.
The hybridoma technology has introduced to research and medicine a new type
of reagent that differs both qualitatively and quantitatively from the convention
al polyclonal antibodies. An important aspect of monoclonal antibodies is the
species from which they are derived. Monoclonal antibodies are generated from
manipulated lymphocytes and obviously reflect the humoral immune response
of the donor. The antibody response of the human immune system differs in
scope and fine specificity from that of the rodent. For example, xenogeneic anti
bodies usually react with non-polymorphic determinants, whereas allo-antibodies
would, by definition, recognize polymorphic determinants of human cells and
might have the fine specificity necessary to define tumour-associated antigens.
In general, mouse monoclonal antibodies to human cell surface antigens can
distinguish between normal and transformed cells only to a limited extent. In
addition, there is an obvious advantage in therapy when an allogeneic antibody is
used compared with a xenogeneic one; the latter usually elicits a strong response
in the host against the foreign antibody, with dominance of anti-idiotype anti
bodies (Shawler et al., 1985).
Thus, in relation to diagnostics, basic research and eventual therapy, there is
extensive potential in the use of human monoclonal antibodies directed against
various antigens (i.e. viral, bacterial, normal and tumour cell surface antigens)
produced in vitro by immortalized cell lines compared with similar monoclonal
antibodies of rodent origin.
1