Retreat from Gettysburg: Lee, Logistics, and the Pennsylvania Campaign (Civil War America)

553 Pages·2005·10.11 MB·English

by  Kent Masterson Brown

Retreat from Gettysburg
civil war america
GaryW.Gallagher,editor
Retreat
from
Gettysburg
Lee, Logistics, and
the Pennsylvania Campaign
Kent Masterson Brown
TheUniversityofNorthCarolinaPress
ChapelHillandLondon
©2005TheUniversityofNorthCarolinaPress
Allrightsreserved
DesignedbyCharlesEllertson
SetinJansonbyTsengInformationSystems,Inc.
ManufacturedintheUnitedStatesofAmerica
(cid:4)Thepaperinthisbookmeetstheguidelinesfor
permanenceanddurabilityoftheCommitteeon
ProductionGuidelinesforBookLongevity
oftheCouncilonLibraryResources.
LibraryofCongressCataloging-in-PublicationData
Brown,KentMasterson,1949–
RetreatfromGettysburg:Lee,logistics,andthe
Pennsylvaniacampaign/byKentMastersonBrown.
p.cm.—(CivilWarAmerica)
Includesbibliographicalreferencesandindex.
isbn0-8078-2921-8(cloth:alk.paper)
1.GettysburgCampaign,1863. I.Title. II.Series.
e475.51.b762005
973.7'349—dc22
2004011781
09 08 07 06 05 5 4 3 2 1
To my dear wife, Genevieve,
and our three precious little ones:
Annie Louise, Philip, and Thomas

Contents
Acknowledgments xi
Prologue:ThisHasBeenaSadDayforUs 1
(cid:1)(cid:2) TakeWhatIsNecessaryfortheArmy 12
(cid:3)(cid:2) TheFliesandVerminoftheDogDays 41
(cid:4)(cid:2) WeMustNowReturntoVirginia 67
(cid:5)(cid:2) AllThatWasDeartoMeIsGone 93
(cid:6)(cid:2) TheSceneWasWildandDesolating 121
(cid:7)(cid:2) ThatVastProcessionofMisery 145
(cid:8)(cid:2) AnAwfulTimeCrossingSouthMountain 163
(cid:9)(cid:2) UseYourSabres,Don’tStrike,butThrust! 188
(cid:10)(cid:2) TheCuttingandSlashingWasBeyondDescription 212
(cid:1)(cid:11)(cid:2) NowhereIsSafe 234
(cid:1)(cid:1)(cid:2) BytheBlessingofProvidence,IWillDoIt 256
(cid:1)(cid:3)(cid:2) AStrongLineofGopherHoles 287
(cid:1)(cid:4)(cid:2) IWouldDiebeforeBeingTakenPrisoner 320
(cid:1)(cid:5)(cid:2) ItIsHeart-RendingtoLiveamongSuchScenes 353
Epilogue:TheArmyAchievedaGeneralSuccess 384
Appendix:OrderofBattle 391
Notes 417
Bibliography 475
Index 505
Maps
(cid:1)(cid:2)(cid:1)(cid:2) 29–30 June1863 37
(cid:3)(cid:2)(cid:1)(cid:2) 3 July1863,6:00p.m. 46
(cid:5)(cid:2)(cid:1)(cid:2) Midnight,3–4 July,to6:00a.m.,4 July1863 105
(cid:6)(cid:2)(cid:1)(cid:2) 4 July1863,9:00p.m.,to5 July1863,2:00a.m. 141
(cid:7)(cid:2)(cid:1)(cid:2) 4 July1863,9:00p.m.,to5 July1863,3:00a.m. 146
(cid:8)(cid:2)(cid:1)(cid:2) Lateafternoon,5 July1863 185
(cid:9)(cid:2)(cid:1)(cid:2) 5 July1863,afternoon 204
(cid:10)(cid:2)(cid:1)(cid:2) 6 July1863,1:00p.m.to3:00p.m. 232
(cid:1)(cid:11)(cid:2)(cid:1)(cid:2) 6 July1863,lateafternoonandevening 240
(cid:1)(cid:11)(cid:2)(cid:3)(cid:2) 6 July1863,afternoonandevening 249
(cid:1)(cid:1)(cid:2)(cid:1)(cid:2) 5 July1863,9:00p.m.tomidnight 261
(cid:1)(cid:1)(cid:2)(cid:3)(cid:2) 6 July1863,evening 272
(cid:1)(cid:1)(cid:2)(cid:4)(cid:2) 7 July1863 278
(cid:1)(cid:1)(cid:2)(cid:5)(cid:2) 6 July1863,Williamsport,Maryland 286
(cid:1)(cid:3)(cid:2)(cid:1)(cid:2) 8 July1863 289
(cid:1)(cid:3)(cid:2)(cid:3)(cid:2) 10 July1863,dawntonoon 304
(cid:1)(cid:3)(cid:2)(cid:4)(cid:2) 10 July1863 308
(cid:1)(cid:3)(cid:2)(cid:5)(cid:2) 11,12,and13 July1863,Lee’sdefensesatWilliamsport,
Maryland 317
(cid:1)(cid:4)(cid:2)(cid:1)(cid:2) Darkness,13 July1863,todawn,14 July1863 336
(cid:1)(cid:4)(cid:2)(cid:3)(cid:2) 14 July1863,11:30tonoon 348
(cid:1)(cid:5)(cid:2)(cid:1)(cid:2) Lee’smedicalevacuationsystem 378
Illustrations
GeneralRobertE.Lee 4
AdalbertVolckdrawingofGeneral J.E.B.Stuartandhismen 21
ThedeadalongthefieldssouthofGettysburgandeastoftheEmmitsburg
Road 42
Confederatesoldierandhisslave 51
Salem‘‘Moravian’’BandoftheTwenty-sixthNorthCarolina 59
Dr.LafayetteGuild 71
Major JohnAlexanderHarman 79
BrigadierGeneral JohnDanielImboden 81
ThreeConfederatestragglerscapturedinthewakeofLee’sretreat 94
‘‘Good-bye’’:A.C.Redwood’sdrawingofasoldierbiddingfarewelltoa
woundedcomrade 101
ChambersburgPikelookingwesttowardtheFrederickHerrTavern 103
ChambersburgPikelookingtowardCashtownandtheCashtownPass 119
TheFairfieldRoadlookingwestshowingtheBlackhorseTavernand
barn 123
TheMontereyHouse 125
CaptainGeorgeM.Emack 126
GeneralHugh JudsonKilpatrickandstaff 129
Mule-drawnambulancesandwagons,withwalkingwounded,makingtheir
waytowardWilliamsport,Maryland,inthedrivingrain 150
Williamsport,Maryland,asitlookedduringthewar 168
Farmer’sInn,Emmitsburg,Maryland 183
CaptainAbram Jones 199
BrigadierGeneral JohnBuford 216
Colonel J.LuciusDavis 222