Responsible marine aquaculture

407 Pages·2002·16.55 MB·English

by  Stickney

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RESPONSIBLE MARINE AQUACULTURE
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Responsible Marine Aquaculture
Edited by
Robert R. Stickney
Director
Texas Sea Grant College Program
College Station, Texas, USA
and
James P. McVey
Aquaculture Program Director
National Sea Grant College Program
Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
CABI Publishing
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CABIPublishingis a division of CABInternational
CABIPublishing CABIPublishing
CAB International 10 E 40th Street
Wallingford Suite 3203
Oxon OX10 8DE New York, NY 10016
UK USA
Tel: [phone] Tel: [phone]
Fax: [phone] Fax: [phone]
Email:[email protected] Email:[email protected]
Web site:www.cabi-publishing.org
©CABInternational2002. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may
be reproduced in any form or by any means, electronically, mechanically, by
photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior permission of the
copyright owners.
A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library, London, UK.
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Responsible marine aquaculture / edited by Robert R. Stickney and James
P. McVey.
p. cm.
Includes bibliographical references.
ISBN 0-85199-604-3
1. Mariculture--Management. 2. Mariculture--Environmental aspects.
I. Stickney, Robert R. II. McVey, James P.
SH138.R47 2002
639.8--dc21 2002000585
ISBN 0 85199 604 3
Typeset by AMADataSetLtd, UK.
Printed and bound in the UK byBiddlesLtd, Guildford and King’s Lynn.
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Contents
Contributors ix
Foreword xiii
1. Introduction 1
Robert R. Stickney
2. Management of Marine Aquaculture:the Sustainability Challenge 21
M. Richard DeVoe and Catherine E. Hodges
3. Marine Mammals and Aquaculture:Conflicts and Potential
Resolutions 45
Bernd Würsig and Glenn A. Gailey
4. Recreational Fishing and Aquaculture:Throwing a Line into the
Pond 61
William D. Harvey and Larry D. McKinney
5. Aquaculture: Opportunity or Threatto Traditional Capture
Fishermen? 71
Rollie Barnaby andSteve Adams
6. Advances in Marine Stock Enhancement: Shifting Emphasis to
Theory and Accountability 79
Kenneth M. Leber
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vi Contents
7. Aquatic Polyculture and Balanced Ecosystem Management:
New Paradigms for Seafood Production 91
James P. McVey,Robert R. Stickney, Charles Yarish and Thierry Chopin
8. The Role of Marine Aquaculture Facilities as Habitats and
Ecosystems 105
Barry A. Costa-Pierce and Christopher J. Bridger
9. Mangroves and Coastal Aquaculture 145
Claude E. Boyd
10. Environmental Effects Associated withMarine Netpen Waste
with Emphasis onSalmon Farming in the Pacific Northwest 159
Kenneth M. Brooks, Conrad Mahnken and Colin Nash
11. Issues Associated with Non-indigenous Speciesin Marine
Aquaculture 205
Robert R. Stickney
12. Genetic Changes in Marine Aquaculture Species and the Potential
for Impacts on Natural Populations 221
William K. Hershberger
13. What Role Does Genetics Play in Responsible Aquaculture? 233
L. James Lester
14. Understanding the Interaction of Extractive andFed Aquaculture
Using Ecosystem Modelling 263
Mac V. Rawson, Jr, Changsheng Chen, Rubao Ji, Mingyuan Zhu,
Daoru Wang, Lu Wang, Charles Yarish, James B. Sullivan,
Thierry Chopin and Raquel Carmona
15. Shrimp Farm Effluents 297
Granvil D. Treece
16. Fish Meal: Historical Uses, Production Trendsand Future Outlook
for Sustainable Supplies 311
Ronald W. Hardy and Albert G.J. Tacon
17. The Use of Wild-caught Juveniles in Coastal Aquacultureand its
Application to Coral Reef Fishes 327
Cathy Hair, Johann Bell and Peter Doherty
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Contents vii
18. Contending with Criticism: Sensible Responses in an Age of
Advocacy 355
Terrence R. Tiersch and John A. Hargreaves
Index 373
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Contributors
S.Adams,NewHampshireSeaGrant,KingmanFarm,Durham,NH03824,
USA.
R.Barnaby,UniversityofNewHampshire,CooperativeExtension/SeaGrant,
113 North Road, Brentwood, NY 03833, USA.
J.Bell,ICLARM–TheWorldFishCenter,POBox500,GPO10670,Penang,
Malaysia.
C.E. Boyd, Department of Fisheries and Allied Aquacultures, Swingle Hall,
Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA.
C.J.Bridger,CollegeofMarineSciences,GulfCoastResearchLaboratory,The
UniversityofSouthernMississippi,703EastBeachDrive,OceanSprings,
MS 39564, USA.
K.M. Brooks, Aquatic Environmental Sciences, 644 Old Eaglemount Road,
Port Townsend, WA 98368, USA.
R. Carmona, University of Connecticut, Department of Ecology and
Evolutionary Biology, 1 University Place, Stamford, CT 06901–2315,
USA
C. Chen, Georgia Sea Grant College Program, The University of Georgia,
220 Marine Sciences Building, Athens, GA 30602–3636, USA.
T. Chopin, University of New Brunswick, Centre for Coastal Studies and
Aquaculture&CentreforEnvironmentalandMolecularAlgalResearch,
PO Box 5050, Saint John, New Brunswick E2L 475, Canada.
B.A. Costa-Pierce, Mississippi–Alabama Sea Grant Consortium, 703
East Beach Drive, Ocean Springs, MS 39564, USA. (Current address:
Rhode Island Sea Grant College Program, University of Rhode Island
Narragansett Bay Campus, Narragansett, RI 02882, USA.)
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x Contributors
M.R. De Voe, South Carolina Sea Grant Consortium, 287 Meeting Street,
Charleston, SC 29401, USA.
P. Doherty, Australian Institute of Marine Science, PMB No.3, Townsville,
Queensland, Australia.
G.A. Gailey, Department of Marine Biology, Texas A&M University at
Galveston, 4700 Avenue U, Building 303, Galveston, TX 77551, USA.
C.Hair,ICLARM–TheWorldFishCenter,POBox500,GPO10670,Penang,
Malaysia.
R.W.Hardy,UniversityofIdaho,HagermanFishCultureExperimentStation,
3059 National Fish Hatchery Road, Hagerman, ID 83332, USA.
J.A. Hargreaves, Department of Wildlife and Fisheries, Mississippi State
University, Mississippi State, MS 39762, USA.
W.D. Harvey, Resource Protection Division, Texas Parks and Wildlife
Department, 4200 Smith School Road, Austin, TX 78744, USA.
W.K. Hershberger, USDA/ARS/NCCCWA, 11876 Leetown Road,
Kearneysville, WV 25430, USA.
C.E. Hodges, South Carolina Sea Grant Consortium, 287 Meeting Street,
Charleston, SC 29401, USA.
R. Ji, Georgia Sea Grant College Program, The University of Georgia,
220 Marine Sciences Building, Athens, GA 30602–3636, USA.
K.M. Leber, Center for Fisheries Enhancement, Mote Marine Laboratory,
1600 Ken Thompson Parkway, Sarasota, 34236, USA.
L.J.Lester,EnvironmentalInstituteofHouston,UniversityofHouston–Clear
Lake, 2700 Bay Area Boulevard, Houston, TX 77058, USA.
C.Mahnken,NationalMarineFisheriesService,NorthwestFisheriesScience
Center, Manchester Laboratory, 7305 Beach Drive East, Manchester,
WA 98366, USA.
L.D. McKinney, Resource Protection Division, Texas Parks and Wildlife
Department, 4200 Smith School Road, Austin, TX 78744, USA
J.P. McVey, National Sea Grant College Program, SSMC-3, Room 11829,
1335 East-West Highway, Silver Spring, MD 20910–3226, USA.
C. Nash, National Marine Fisheries Service, Northwest Fisheries Science
Center, Manchester Laboratory, 7305 Beach Drive East, Manchester,
WA 98366, USA.
M.V. Rawson, Jr, Georgia Sea Grant College Program, The University of
Georgia,220MarineSciencesBuilding,Athens,GA30602–3636,USA.
R.R.Stickney,TexasSeaGrantCollegeProgram,2700EarlRudderFreeway
South, Suite 1800, College Station, TX 77845, USA.
J.B.Sullivan,DepartmentofMarineSciences,TheUniversityofGeorgia,220
Marine Sciences Building, Athens, GA 30602–3636, USA.
A.G.J.Tacon,AquaticFarmsLtd,49–139KamehamehjaHighway,Keneohe,
HI 96744, USA.
T.R. Tiersch, Aquaculture Research Station, Louisiana State University
Agricultural Center, Louisiana Agricultural Experiment Station, Baton
Rouge, LA 70820, USA.
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