Responsible Engineering and Living: Proceedings of Responsible Engineering and Living 2022 Symposium and Industry Summit (REAL2022)

264 Pages·2022·8.832 MB·English

by  David S.-K. Ting, Ahmad Vasel-Be-Hagh

Springer Proceedings in Energy
David S.-K. Ting
Ahmad Vasel-Be-Hagh   Editors
Responsible
Engineering
and Living
Proceedings of Responsible Engineering
and Living 2022 Symposium and
Industry Summit (REAL2022)
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David S.-K. Ting Ahmad Vasel-Be-Hagh
Editors
Responsible Engineering
and Living
Proceedings of Responsible Engineering
and Living 2022 Symposium and Industry
Summit (REAL2022)
Editors
David S.-K. Ting Ahmad Vasel-Be-Hagh
MAME Mechanical Engineering
University of Windsor Tennessee Tech University
Windsor, ON, Canada Nashville, TN, USA
ISSN 2352-2534 ISSN 2352-2542 (electronic)
Springer Proceedings in Energy
ISBN 978-3-031-20505-7 ISBN 978-3-031-20506-4 (eBook)
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-20506-4
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To those who strive to live responsibly.
Preface
Moliere holds each of us accountable when he asserted, “It is not only for what we do
that we are held responsible, but also for what we do not do.” Responsible Engineering
and Living 2022 (REAL2022) strives to inspire every individual to practice and foster
responsible engineering and living. Among others, engineers and policy makers are
responsible for taking action to provide adequate drinking water, food, and housing
to every human being. G. T. Reader commences the volume by delineating the past,
present, and future challenges to realizing this responsibility in Chap. 1, “Access to
Drinking Water, Food Security and Adequate Housing: Challenges for Engineering,
Past, Present and Future.” It is heartbreaking to learn that the United Nations declared
“universal human rights” are yet to become universally available. As it stands, tens
of millions lack access to clean water, nutritious food, and proper housing. May this
disclosure help us to understand the challenge better, hastening the fulfillment of the
United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals.
Responsible Engineering and Living calls for a smooth transition into progres-
sively cleaner engineering operations to avoid unforeseeable adverse impacts asso-
ciated with abrupt changes. S. LeBlanc et al. enlighten us regarding how to realize
clean diesel engine combustion in Chap. 2, “Realizing Clean Combustion with Ether
Fuels.” They investigate the feasibility of replacing diesel with biofuels, dimethyl
ether, and oxymethylene ether, for a high-compression-ratio engine. Partial replace-
ment is an immediate solution for reducing anthropogenic carbon dioxide emissions,
as we endeavor to overcome the challenges associated with running on pure ether
fuels.
Wind energy stands strong and is a relatively well-established renewable energy
technology. A possible way to substantially boost wind energy harvesting from
existing wind turbines is to deflect the wake away from the downstream turbines. R.
Nouri,R.R.Nash, and A.Vasel-Be-Hagh detail this ideal in Chap. 3,“WindT urbine
Wake Redirection via External Vanes.” They numerically simulate this concept for
an inline, three-turbine configuration. The results reveal that placing an appropriate
vane between the first and second turbines can lead to a production increase of 45%
and 42%, respectively, for the second and third turbines, much more significant than
existing wake control strategies.
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viii Preface
On the topic of renewable energy, F.Gökgöz and G.D.Bas¸bilen bringusuptodate
about the 27 European Union countries in Chap. 4, “Energy Generation and Economic
Efficiencies of Renewable Energy Technologies in EU-27.” Their rising electricity
prices and urgency of energy security facilitate the growth of renewable energy
power plants. They argue that because of increasing energy generation and economic
efficiencies, European countries will become progressively more competitive in solar
technology.
Greenhouses are the key in many climate regions for sustainably nourishing
tomorrow. Further progress in greenhouse technology leans heavily on accurate
modeling of the enclosed microclimate. In Chap. 5, “Solar Rooftop Test Cell—
Experimental Methodology and Results of Multivariable Sensitivity Analysis,” A.
Nauta, W. D. Lubitz, and S. H. Tasnim expound on the effects of solar irradi-
ance on the microclimate of a greenhouse. They built a solar test cell to study the
thermal properties of a simplified greenhouse based on measured ambient tempera-
ture, humidity, wind speed, and solar irradiance, along with indoor temperature and
humidity, and simulated the heat transfer characteristics. In parallel, A. Nauta et al.
furnish us with “Methodology and Validation of a New Climate Prediction Model for
Commercial and Small-Scale Greenhouses” in Chap. 6. They validate their model
with real data for various greenhouses in southern Ontario, Canada. Appropriate
irrigation is required to produce fruit and vegetables. In a greenhouse setting, an
environmentally friendly way to irrigate is to utilize pond water. S. Khademi et al.
disclose a case study, “Evaluation of Pond Water Performance for Greenhouse Irri-
gation Cooling: A Case Study in Southwestern Ontario, Canada,” in Chap. 7. The
study concerns cooling irrigation water using pond water. A 1.5 ˚C decrease in water
temperature is achievable in June, but this decreases to only 0.5 ˚C in July.
Whether it is greenhouses or other buildings, the building envelope plays a crit-
ical role in energy conservation. In regions with seasons where the daily weather
fluctuates above and below the ideal conditions for thermal comfort, phase change
materials can be exploited to mitigate indoor temperature fluctuations. Doing so can
save a considerable amount of energy required for heating and cooling. The most
appropriate phase change material for a given application is affected by many factors.
On this, F. Balo and L. S. Sua communicate “Selection of Phase-Change Material
for Building Envelope by Qualitative Decision-Support Analysis” in Chap. 8.
As we focus on greening tomorrow, let us not forget that we lean on a wide
range of other day-to-day operations, including the efficient transport of minerals to
sustain our living. These essential activities deserve as much attention as the popular
ones such as renewable energy. In Chap. 9, B. Haghighi et al. call our attention to
the engineering of mineral transport in slurry form. “Investigating the Parameters
Affecting Gravity Slurry Transfer Through Pipes” deals with two case studies on
the viable conveyance of copper via gravity slurry pipe flow. On fluid-based trans-
port, S. Simmons, L. Miller, and W. D. Lubitz present “Review and Evaluation
of Archimedes Screw Pump Design Guidance” in Chap. 10. Here, the time-tested
Archimedes screw pump is modeled using modern computational techniques comple-
mented with lab and field data. Using Archimedes screw generators for hydropower
production is a relatively under-explored area.
Preface ix
The volume concludes with timely disclosure of greenhouse gas reporting. In
Chap. 11, “Accounting for the Greenhouse Gas (GHG) Emission Double-Counting
in Greater Toronto and Hamilton Area (GTHA),”T.C.Dodanwalaetal. highlight the
error-prone industrial greenhouse gas emission reporting. They focus on mitigating
double-counting in the Ontario, Canada, greenhouse gas inventory. It is eye-opening
to learn that up to 178,513 tonnes of carbon dioxide equivalent results from the
double-counting of natural gas.
Windsor, Canada David S.-K. Ting
Cookeville, USA Ahmad Vasel-Be-Hagh
September 2022
Acknowledgments
We are very grateful to the Springer Nature team, led by Anthony Doyle, who
trusted us with this challenging venture initiated in the midst of COVID uncertain-
ties. Jayanthi Krishnamoorthi’s timely reminders, along with the candid approval
by Werner Hermens, served as pats on our back. This proceeding is the fruit of the
labor of the thirty-four expert contributors. A big Thank You goes to the anonymous
experts who reviewed the manuscripts and, in so doing, upheld the standard of this
volume. DT is indebted to Dr. Jacqueline A. Stagner, who double-checked every
letter of his writing. Above all, it is providence from above that carried this endeavor
from inception to completion. We look forward to collaborating with Springer Nature
to compile a leading-edge volume on Engineering to Adapt 2023 Symposium and
Industry Summit; see https://eta2023.ca/.
Windsor, Canada David S.-K. Ting
Cookeville, USA Turbulence and Energy Laboratory
September 2022 University of Windsor
Ahmad Vasel-Be-Hagh
Fluid Mechanics Research Laboratory
Tennessee Tech University
xi