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Resisting Bondage in Indian Ocean Africa and Asia PDF

129 Pages·2006·0.97 MB·English
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Resisting Bondage in Indian Ocean Africa and Asia Resisting Bondage in Indian Ocean Africa and Asia is the companion volume to Slavery and Resistance in Africa and Asia which was published by Routledge in 2005. This second volume, as implied by the title, recognizes the com- plexity of forms of bondage in the Indian Ocean world – incorporating regions running from East Africa to the Middle East, to South and Southeast Asia to the Far East – and of resistance to them. Slavery, in the conventional sense of the word, was in the region covered one of many, often overlapping, forms of unfree labour that included, in addition, various types of forced or corvée labour, debt bondage and inden- tured or contract labour. This volume examines resistance to forms of bondage in a variety of precolonial, colonial and postcolonial regimes, from revolt against slavery in South Africa, to resistance to colonial forced labour schemes in Somalia, the Indian Ocean islands of Mayotta and Madagascar, India, Indonesia and Indochina, and the fight of Aborigines for human rights on the cattle ranches of Northern Australia. Just as the companion volume Slavery and Resistance in Africa and Asia revealed that reactions to slavery in Africa and Asia were far more complex than the conventional historical emphasis on forms of ‘revolt’ implies, this collection of essays reveals an unexpectedly wide range of often very subtle forms of resistance to a variety of repressive labour regimes in the Indian Ocean world. In so doing, it will appeal to all those interested in exploring the wider debate over the structure of unfree labour regimes and resistance to them. Edward A. Alpers is Professor of History at the University of California, Los Angeles, USA. Gwyn Campbell is Canada Research Chair in Indian Ocean World History in the Department of History, McGill University, Canada.Michael Salmanis an Associate Professor of History at the Univer- sity of California at Los Angeles. Routledge studies in slave and post-slave societies and cultures Edited by Gad Heuman 1 Abolition and its Aftermath in Indian Ocean Africa and Asia Edited by Gwyn Campbell 2 Resisting Bondage in Indian Ocean Africa and Asia Edited by Edward A. Alpers, Gwyn Campbell and Michael Salman Previous titles to appear in Routledge studies in slave and post-slave societies and cultures include: The Structure of Slavery in Indian Ocean Africa and Asia Edited by Gwyn Campbell Representing the Body of the Slave Edited by Thomas Wiedemann and Jane Gardner Rethinking the African Diaspora The making of a Black Atlantic world in the Bight of Benin and Brazil Edited by Kristin Mann and Edna G. Bay After Slavery Emancipation and its discontents Edited by Howard Temperley From Slavery to Emancipation in the Atlantic World Edited by Sylvia R. Frey and Betty Wood Slavery and Colonial Rule in Africa Edited by Suzanne Miers and Martin A. Klein Classical Slavery Edited by M. I. Finley Popular Politics and British Anti-Slavery The mobilisation of public opinion against the slave trade, 1787–1807 J. R. Oldfield Routes to Slavery Direction, ethnicity and mortality in the transatlantic slave trade Edited by David Eltis and David Richardson Resisting Bondage in Indian Ocean Africa and Asia Edited by Edward A. Alpers, Gwyn Campbell and Michael Salman First published 2007 by Routledge 2 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon OX14 4RN Simultaneously published in the USA and Canada by Routledge 270 Madison Ave, New York, NY 10016 Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business This edition published in the Taylor & Francis e-Library,2006. “To purchaseyourown copy of this or any of Taylor & Francis or Routledge’s collection of thousands of eBooks please go to www.eBookstore.tandf.co.uk.” © 2007 Selection and editorial matter, Edward A. Alpers, Gwyn Campbell and Michael Salman; individual chapters, the contributors All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilized in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers. British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data A catalog record for this book has been requested ISBN 0-203-96824-7 Master e-book ISBN ISBN10: 0–415–77151–X (hbk) ISBN10: 0–203–96824–7 (ebk) ISBN13: 978–0–415–77151–1 (hbk) ISBN13: 978–0–203–96824–6 (ebk) Contents Notes on contributors ix 1 Introduction: resisting bondage in the Indian Ocean world 1 GWYN CAMPBELL, EDWARD A. ALPERS AND MICHAEL SALMAN 2 Revolt in Cape Colony slave society 10 NIGEL WORDEN 3 Unfree labour, forced labour and resistance among the Zigula of the Lower Juba 24 FRANCESCA DECLICH 4 Forced labour and the 1856 revolt on Mayotta 40 ISABELLE DENIS 5 Unfree labour, slavery and protest in imperial Madagascar 49 GWYN CAMPBELL 6 Forced labour in Madagascar under Vichy, 1940–42: autarky,forced labour and resistance on the ‘Red Island’ 60 ERIC JENNINGS 7 Sugar and servility: themes of forced labour, resistance andaccommodation in mid-nineteenth-century Java 69 G. ROGER KNIGHT viii Contents 8 Forced labourers and their resistance in Java under Japanesemilitary rule, 1942–45 82 SHIGERU SATO 9 ‘Unfree’ labour on the cattle stations of Northern Australia, the tea gardens of Assam and the rubber plantations of Indo-China, 1920–50 96 ROBERT CASTLE, JAMES HAGAN AND ANDREW WELLS Index 114 Contributors Edward A. Alpers is Professor of History at the University of California, Los Angeles. He has also taught at the Universities of Dar es Salaam, Tanzania and the Somali National University, Lafoole. In 1994 he served as President of the African Studies Association. Alpers has published widely on the history of East Africa and the Indian Ocean. His major publications include Ivory and Slaves in East Central Africa (London: Heinemann/Berkeley: University of California Press, 1975) and co- edited volumes on Walter Rodney: Revolutionary and Scholar (Los Angeles: Center for Afro-American Stduies, UCLA, 1982); Africa and the West: A Documentary History of the Slave Trade to Independence (Phoenix: Oryx, 2001); History, Memory and Identity (Port Louis: Nelson Mandela Centre for African Culture and University of Mauritius, 2001); Sidis and Schol- ars: Essays on African Indians (Noida: Rainbow Publishers, 2004); Slavery and Resistance in Africa and Asia (London: Routledge, 2005); and Slave Routes and Oral Tradition in Southeastern Africa (Maputo: Filsom, 2005). His current research focuses on the African Diaspora in the Indian Ocean. Gwyn Campbell is Canada Research Chair in Indian Ocean World History in the Department of History, McGill University. His most recent publications include An Economic History of Imperial Madagascar, 1750–1895: The Rise and Fall of an Island Empire (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2005); editor, Abolition and Its Aftermath in Indian Ocean Africa and Asia (London: Routledge, 2005); co-editor (with Edward A. Alpers and Michael Salman), Slavery and Resistance in Africa and Asia (London: Routledge, 2005); co-editor (with Suzanne Miers and Joseph C. Miller), Women in Western Systems of Slavery – special edition of Slavery & Abolition 26.2 (2005); and editor, The Structure of Slavery in Indian Ocean Africa and Asia (London: Frank Cass, 2004). He is currently completing Africa and the Indian Ocean World from Early Times to 1900 – to appear in the new Cambridge Economic History of Africa series, and is undertaking research into slavery and diaspora in the Indian Ocean World and the foundations of the Indian Ocean world global economy.

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This important collection of essays examines the history and impact of the abolition of the slave trade and slavery in the Indian Ocean World, a region stretching from Southern and Eastern Africa to the Middle East, India, Southeast Asia and the Far East. Slavery studies have traditionally concentra
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