Research misconduct policy in biomedicine : beyond the bad-apple approach PDF
Preview Research misconduct policy in biomedicine : beyond the bad-apple approach
Research Misconduct Policy in Biomedicine Basic Bioethics Arthur Caplan, editor A complete list of the books in the Basic Bioethics series appears at the back of this book. Research Misconduct Policy in Biomedicine Beyond the Bad-Apple Approach Barbara K. Redman The MIT Press Cambridge, Massachusetts London, England © 2013 Massachusetts Institute of Technology All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced in any form by any electronic or mechanical means (including photocopying, recording, or information storage and retrieval) without permission in writing from the publisher. MIT Press books may be purchased at special quantity discounts for business or sales promotional use. For information, please email special_ [email protected] or write to Special Sales Department, The MIT Press, 55 Hayward Street, Cambridge, MA 02142. This book was set in sabon by Toppan Best-set Premedia Limited, Hong Kong. Printed and bound in the United States of America. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Redman, Barbara Klug. Research misconduct policy in biomedicine : beyond the bad-apple approach / Barbara K. Redman. pages cm Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-0-262-01981-1 (hardcover : alk. paper) 1. Medicine— Research— Corrupt practices. 2. Medical scientists— Professional ethics. 3. Medical research personnel— Professional ethics. 4. Biotechnology— Research. I. Title. R852.R435 2013 610.72'4 — dc23 2013009438 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Contents Series Foreword vii Introduction ix 1 Has Something Important Happened to Scientific Ethics? 1 2 Will Approaches from the Psychosocial and Organizational Sciences Improve Research Misconduct Regulation? 17 3 What Combination of Regulatory Tools Will Minimize Research Misconduct? 37 4 Are Current Publication Standards Protecting the Integrity of the Scientific Record? 59 5 Lessons from Clinical Case Studies in Research Misconduct 79 6 Research Misconduct Policy, Its Evolution and Culture of Morality 115 7 The Unity of Moral Science 139 References 155 Index 179 Series Foreword I am pleased to present the thirty-eighth book in the Basic Bioethics series. The series makes innovative works in bioeth- ics available to a broad audience and introduces seminal schol- arly manuscripts, state-of-the-art reference works, and textbooks. Topics engaged include the philosophy of medicine, advancing genetics and biotechnology, end-of-life care, health and social policy, and the empirical study of biomedical life. Interdisci- plinary work is encouraged. Arthur Caplan Basic Bioethics Series Editorial Board Joseph J. Fins Rosamond Rhodes Nadia N. Sawicki Jan Helge Solbakk Introduction Overview Public policy on research misconduct, which has developed contentiously in the United States and a few other countries over the past thirty years, remains largely untested as to whether it yields clearly specific outcomes; alternative policies that might reach those outcomes remain unexamined. Each widely publicized case of research misconduct creates a new scandal, leading to questions about whether current regulation is effec- tive or just, and whether it supports the progress of science. It is important to remember the broader context of research misconduct, the system of incentives and disincentives embed- ded in the production and dissemination of research. Yet, in current public policy, all attention is on those individuals who have been caught fabricating, falsifying, or plagiarizing. Research Misconduct Policy in Biomedicine reviews a variety of frameworks, each of which provides options for preventing and controlling this phenomenon. The management of research misconduct policy and other reforms, such as the control of conflict of interest, can improve the quality of scientific research; they can help it to build trust in its conduct and the
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