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Istvan Kecskes (Ed.) Research in Chinese as a Second Language Trends in Applied Linguistics Edited by Ulrike Jessner Claire Kramsch Volume 9 Research in Chinese as a Second Language Edited by Istvan Kecskes DE GRUYTER MOUTON ISBN978-1-61451-314-8 e-ISBN978-1-61451-255-4 ISSN1868-6362 LibraryofCongressCataloging-in-PublicationData ACIPcatalogrecordforthisbookhasbeenappliedforattheLibraryofCongress BibliographicinformationpublishedbytheDeutscheNationalbibliothek TheDeutscheNationalbibliothekliststhispublicationintheDeutscheNationalbibliografie; detailedbibliographicdataareavailableintheInternetathttp://dnb.dnb.de. ©2013WalterdeGruyterGmbH,Boston/Berlin Coverimage:RoswithaSchacht/morguefile.com Typesetting:RoyalStandard,HongKong Printing:Hubert&Co.GmbH&Co.KG,Göttingen ♾Printedonacid-freepaper PrintedinGermany www.degruyter.com Table of contents Contributorstothevolume vii Introduction 1 Chapter1: Researchbaseforpractice JaneOrton DevelopingChineseoralskills–Aresearchbaseforpractice 9 PingYang AsymmetricstyleofcommunicationinMandarinChinese talk-in-interaction 33 WangChen LearningtonescooperativelyintheCSLclassroom:Aproposal 65 Chapter2: Integratingcultureandlanguage NedDanison IntegratingcultureandlanguageintheChineseasaforeignlanguage classroom:Aviewfromthebottomup 81 XiaoluWangandTingtingMa AnalysisofpragmaticfunctionsofChineseculturalmarkers 115 Chun-MeiChen Gesturesastonemarkersinmultilingualcommunication 143 YingLiu ThecollaborativeconstructionofcultureknowledgeinaChinese movieclass 169 Chapter3: Acquisitionoflanguagestructures WenXiong TheacquisitionofChinesemodalauxiliaryNengVerbGroup(NVG): AcasestudyofanEnglishL2learnerofChinese 187 vi Tableofcontents YiXu AcquisitionofChineserelativeclausesattheinitialstage 215 Zi-YuLin Conceptualsimilaritiesinlanguages–EvidencefromEnglish “begoingto”anditsChinesecounterparts 235 HelenCharters SLAofMandarinnominalsyntax:Emergenceorderintheearlystages 257 Index 281 Contributors to the volume Chun-Mei Chen is Associate Professor of Linguistics at the Department of Foreign Languages and Literatures, National Chung Hsing University, Taiwan. ShereceivedherPh.D.inLinguisticsfromTheUniversityofTexasatAustin,spe- cializing in phonetics, phonology, prosody, and Austronesian languages. Her currentresearchinterestsincludeteachingandlearningChineseinaglobalcon- text,phoneticsandphonologyofChineseasasecondlanguage,andpragmatics ofL2learners’interlanguage. WangChenstudiedEnglisheducationinBeijinganddevelopedastronginterest in TCFL from helping her non-Chinese colleagues learn her mother tongue. She then became a professional Chinese teacher. This experience broadened her horizons and brought her to Germany to continue studying foreign language teachingmethodology.Sheisnowworkingontheadaptationofwesternresults forlanguageacquisitiontoChinese. HelenChartersteachesGeneralLinguisticsandFormalSyntaxattheUniversity of Auckland, NZ. Her research interests include the Second Language Acquisi- tion of Syntax in Mandarin, and in other lesser-studied languages; syntactic analysis mainly in an LFG framework; natural language processing, and the relationshipsbetweendiscoursestructureandsyntax. Ned Danison is a doctoral student at The University at Albany, New York. He hastaughtEnglishasaSecondlanguagefor20years.Hisresearchinterestsare interculturalcommunicationandtheteachingandlearningofChineselanguage andculture. Zi-yuLinhasanM.A.inEnglishfromBostonUniversity,anM.A.andaPh.D.in Linguistics, and an MLS from the University at Buffalo. He earned his tenure at Seton Hall University, New Jersey in 2000. Since 2004, he has been the Library DirectorandProfessorofLanguagesandTranslationofMacaoPolytechnicInsti- tute, Macao. His research interests include linguistics, translation studies and libraryscience. Ying Liugot her M.A. degree in Chinese pedagogy at the Ohio State University in 2008, and is currently a Ph.D. candidate at the Ohio State University. Her research has focused on Chinese pedagogy, and she has a special interest in theroleofcultureinalanguageprogram. viii Contributorstothevolume TingtingMareceivedherB.A.degreeinteachingChineseasasecondlanguage fromShanxiNormalUniversity,Chinain2009andreceivedherMasterdegreein teachingChinesetospeakersofotherlanguagesfromZhejiangUniversity,China in2011.SheiscurrentlyworkingonChineseTeachingasasecondlanguage.Her researchinterestsincludeChineseteachingandpragmatics. Jane OrtonisDirectorof theChinese TeacherTraining CentreintheMelbourne GraduateSchoolofEducation,whereshecoordinatedmodernlanguageseduca- tion for twenty years. Her research interests are intercultural communication and nonverbal communication. Recent publications include:The Current State of Chinese Language Education in Australian Schools, 3rd edn. Melbourne: Asia Education Foundation, 2010; Educating Chinese Language Teachers – Some Fundamentals, in Linda H.Tsung and Ken Cruikshank,Teaching and Learning Chinese in Global Contexts. London, UK: Continuum, 2010; and 3 chapters (English and the Chinese Quest; ‘Just a tool’: the role of English in the curri- culum; East Goes West) in China and English: Globalization and Dilemmas of Identity,Clevedon: Multilingual Matters, 2009,which she co-edited with Joseph LoBiancoandYihongGao. XiaoluWangisProfessorofLinguisticsatSchoolofInternationalStudies(SIS), ZhejiangUniversity,China,wheresheteachesbothgraduateandundergraduate coursesinpsycholinguistics,andTEFL/TESLandTCFL/TCSL.Hermainacademic interest lies in neuro-mechanism of Chinese metaphorical cognition, on which sheisnowconductingaChinanationalproject.HerbookChineseMetaphorical Cognition & Its ERP Imaging (2009) has become well-known both in China and abroad. Wen Xiong is an Assistant Professor of Chinese at the University of Rhode Island, U.S.A. She earned her Ph.D. from La Trobe University in Melbourne, Australia. Prior to her time in Australia, Dr. Xiong had been an Associate Pro- fessor of Chinese Language and Literature at Shanghai University. Dr. Xiong’s research interests focus on the learning and teaching of Chinese as a second or foreign language and the acquisition of Chinese language and culture. Her publicationsaddressthefollowingresearchareas:secondlanguageacquisition, Chineselinguistics,languagecontrast,languageteachingandcurriculumdesign, andChineseculturalstudies. YiXuisanAssistantProfessorinChineseLanguageandLinguisticsattheUni- versity of Pittsburgh, U.S.A. Her research directions include Chinese language grammar,psycholinguisticaspectsofsecondlanguageacquisition,corpuslinguis- tics and computer-assisted language learning. She has published three single- Contributorstothevolume ix authoredpapersfocusingonChineselinguistics,ESLandsecondlanguageacqui- sitioninjournals,books,andproceedings,andhastwootherarticlesforthcoming. Ping Yang received a Ph.D. in linguistics from Macquarie University and is a lecturer in linguistics at the University of Western Sydney. His teaching areas include linguistics, translation and TESOL. His research areas include inter- cultural communication, nonverbal communication, gesture and culture, cross- cultural perspectives of language teaching and learning. He has published in Chinese Language and Discourse, Journal of Intercultural Communication,Text &Talk,andSemiotica.

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