Research Companion to Working Time and Work Addiction NEW HORIZONS IN MANAGEMENT Series Editor:Cary L. Cooper, CBE, Professor of Organizational Psychology and Health,Lancaster University Management School,Lancaster University,UK This important series makes a significant contribution to the development ofman- agement thought.This field has expanded dramatically in recent years and the series provides an invaluable forum for the publication of high quality work in manage- ment science,human resource management,organizational behaviour,marketing, management information systems,operations management,business ethics,strate- gic management and international management. The main emphasis ofthe series is on the development and application ofnew orig- inal ideas.International in its approach,it will include some of the best theoretical and empirical work from both well-established researchers and the new generation of scholars. Titles in the series include: Organizational Relationships in the Networking Age The Dynamics of Identity Formation and Bonding Edited by Willem Koot,Peter Leisink and Paul Verweel Islamic Perspectives on Management and Organization Abbas J.Ali Supporting Women’s Career Advancement Challenges and Opportunities Edited by Ronald J.Burke and Mary C.Mattis Research Companion to Organizational Health Psychology Edited by Alexander-Stamatios G.Antoniou and Cary L.Cooper Innovation and Knowledge Management The Cancer Information Service Research Consortium J.David Johnson Managing Emotions in Mergers and Acquisitions Verena Kusstatscher and Cary L.Cooper Employment of Women in Chinese Cultures Half the Sky Cherlyn Granrose Competing Values Leadership Creating Value in Organizations Kim S.Cameron,Robert E.Quinn,JeffDeGraffand Anjan V.Thakor Women in Leadership and Management Edited by Duncan McTavish and Karen Miller Research Companion to Working Time and Work Addiction Edited by Ronald J. Burke Professor of Organizational Behavior,Schulich School of Business,York University,Canada NEW HORIZONS IN MANAGEMENT Edward Elgar Cheltenham,UK • Northampton,MA,USA © Ronald J.Burke 2006 All rights reserved.No part of this publication may be reproduced,stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means,electronic, mechanical or photocopying,recording,or otherwise without the prior permission of the publisher. Published by Edward Elgar Publishing Limited Glensanda House Montpellier Parade Cheltenham Glos GL50 1UA UK Edward Elgar Publishing,Inc. William Pratt House 9 Dewey Court Northampton Massachusetts 01060 USA A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library Library ofCongress Cataloging in Publication Data Burke,Ronald J. Research companion to working time and work addiction / Ronald J.Burke. p.cm.— (New horizons in management series) Includes bibliographical references and index. 1.Work.2.Work—Psychological aspects.3.Work—Social aspects.4.Quality of work life.5.Work and family.6.Workaholism.I.Title.II.Series:New horizons in management HD4854.B84 2006 2006008416 ISBN-13:978 1 84542 408 4 ISBN-10:1 84542 408 5 Printed and bound in Great Britain by MPG Books Ltd,Bodmin,Cornwall Contents List of contributors vii Acknowledgments ix Preface xi PART I INTRODUCTION 1 Work hours and work addiction 3 Ronald J.Burke 2 How long? The historical,economic and cultural factors behind working hours and overwork 36 Lonnie Golden PART II DEFINITION AND CONSEQUENCES OF WORKAHOLISM 3 The workaholic breakdown syndrome 61 Dr Barbara Killinger 4 Exploring new frontiers to generate an integrated definition of workaholism 89 Lynley H.W.McMillan and Michael P.O’Driscoll 5 Understanding workaholism:the case for behavioral tendencies 108 Peter E.Mudrack PART III ANTECEDENTS AND TYPES OF WORKAHOLICS 6 Making sense of temporal organizational boundary control 131 Graeme MacDermid 7 Economic and employment conditions,karoshi (work to death) and the trend of studies on workaholism in Japan 158 Atsuko Kanai v vi Contents 8 Workaholic types:it’s not how hard you work but why and how you work hard 173 Ronald J.Burke 9 Dr Jekyll or Mr Hyde? On the differences between work engagement and workaholism 193 Wilmar B.Schaufeli,Toon W.Taris and Arnold B.Bakker PART IV ADDRESSING WORK HOURS AND WORKAHOLISM 10 ‘Decent working time’:balancing the needs of workers and employers 221 Jon C.Messenger 11 The unlikely referral of workaholics to an employee assistance program 242 Gayle Porter and Robert A.Herring III 12 Career success and personal failure:a developing need to find balance 270 Ronald J.Burke and Teal McAteer-Early 13 Exploring career and personal outcomes and the meaning of career success among part-time professionals in organizations 284 Mary Dean Lee,Pamela Lirio,Fahri Karakas,Shelley M.MacDermid,Michelle L.Buck and Ellen Ernst Kossek 14 Improving work–life balance:REBT for workaholic treatment 310 Charles P.Chen 15 Spiritual leadership theory as a source for future theory, research,and recovery from workaholism 330 Louis W.Fry,Laura L.Matherly and Steve Vitucci Index 353 Contributors Arnold B.Bakker,Department of Social and Organizational Psychology, Utrecht University,Utrecht,the Netherlands Michelle L.Buck,Kellogg Graduate School ofManagement,Northwestern University,Evanston,Illinois,USA Ronald J.Burke,Professor of Organizational Behavior,Schulich School of Business,York University,Toronto,Canada Charles P.Chen,Ph.D.,Associate Professor of Counselling Psychology and Canada Research Chair in Life Career Development,Ontario Institute for Studies in Education,University of Toronto,(OISE/UT),Toronto,Ontario Louis W.Fry,Tarleton State University,Central Texas,Killeen,Texas,USA Lonnie Golden,Professor of Economics and Labor Studies,Pennsylvania State University,Abington College,USA Robert A.Herring III,School of Business and Economics,Winston-Salem State University,Winston-Salem,North Carolina,USA Atsuko Kanai, Professor, Graduate School of Education and Human Development,Nagoya University,Nagoya,Japan Fahri Karakas, Desautels Faculty of Management, McGill University, Montreal,Quebec,Canada Dr Barbara Killinger,Private Practice,Toronto,Ontario,Canada Ellen Ernst Kossek, School of Labor and Industrial Relations, Michigan State University,East Lansing,Michigan,USA Mary Dean Lee, Desautels Faculty of Management, McGill University, Montreal,Quebec,Canada Pamela Lirio, Desautels Faculty of Management, McGill University, Montreal,Quebec,Canada Graeme MacDermid, Lecturer, Schulich School of Business, York University,Toronto,Ontario vii viii Contributors Shelley M. MacDermid, Center for Families, Purdue University, West Lafayette,Indiana,USA Laura L. Matherly, Tarleton State University, Central Texas, Killeen, Texas,USA Teal McAteer-Early, Professor of Human Resources Management, DeGroote School of Business,McMaster University,Hamilton,Ontario, Canada Lynley H.W.McMillan,Simply Strategic,Tauranga,New Zealand Jon C.Messenger,Conditions ofWork and Employment Programme,ILO, Geneva,Switzerland Peter E. Mudrack, Department of Management, College of Business Administration,Kansas State University,Manhattan,Kansas,USA Michael P.O’Driscoll,Department of Psychology,University of Waikato, Waikato,New Zealand Gayle Porter, School of Business, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey,Camden,New Jersey,USA Wilmar B.Schaufeli,Department ofSocial and Organizational Psychology, Utrecht University,Utrecht,the Netherlands Toon W. Taris, Department of Work and Organizational Psychology, Radboud University,Nijmegen,the Netherlands Steve Vitucci,Tarleton State University,Central Texas,Killeen,Texas,USA Acknowledgments This volume has a long history.Much of my research and writing over the past 40 years has examined the ways in which work experiences influence individual well-being,a thread that ties this body of scholarship together. I have worked for almost 55 years,starting with a summer job when I was thirteen,working 35 hours a week and earning 50 cents an hour.In fact,it was my early work experiences that got me interested in studying organ- izational psychology. Work has provided many positive experiences and feelings for me along with the inevitable negative ones. Althought I have now achieved a satisfying integration of work with my other life interests, there were times,particularly in my early career,when I probably worked too hard.Hopefully this collection will help others ‘get it’sooner than I did. I owe a debt of gratitude to several people for their contributions to and assistance with my work in this area. These include Janet Spence, Zena Burgess,Stig Matthiesen,Mustafa Koyuncu,Eddy Ng,Astrid Richardsen, Graeme MacDermid and Lisa Fiksenbaum. Lisa participated in data analysis for most of my research projects on work addiction.I also express my ongoing appreciation to my family: Susan, Sharon, Rachel and Jeff. With them,life has meaning and joy. This is my second book with Edward Elgar,with a third being developed as this was being written.Their staffhave always been helpful,efficient and professional.I thank my international contributors for sharing their think- ing on this important topic. Finally, preparation of this volume was sup- ported in part by the Schulich School of Business. Ronald Burke ix
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