Camille Salinesi Inge van de Weerd (Eds.) Requirements Engineering: 6 9 3 Foundation 8 S C for Software Quality N L 20th International Working Conference, REFSQ 2014 Essen, Germany, April 7–10, 2014 Proceedings 123 Lecture Notes in Computer Science 8396 CommencedPublicationin1973 FoundingandFormerSeriesEditors: GerhardGoos,JurisHartmanis,andJanvanLeeuwen EditorialBoard DavidHutchison LancasterUniversity,UK TakeoKanade CarnegieMellonUniversity,Pittsburgh,PA,USA JosefKittler UniversityofSurrey,Guildford,UK JonM.Kleinberg CornellUniversity,Ithaca,NY,USA AlfredKobsa UniversityofCalifornia,Irvine,CA,USA FriedemannMattern ETHZurich,Switzerland JohnC.Mitchell StanfordUniversity,CA,USA MoniNaor WeizmannInstituteofScience,Rehovot,Israel OscarNierstrasz UniversityofBern,Switzerland C.PanduRangan IndianInstituteofTechnology,Madras,India BernhardSteffen TUDortmundUniversity,Germany DemetriTerzopoulos UniversityofCalifornia,LosAngeles,CA,USA DougTygar UniversityofCalifornia,Berkeley,CA,USA GerhardWeikum MaxPlanckInstituteforInformatics,Saarbruecken,Germany Camille Salinesi Inge van de Weerd (Eds.) Requirements Engineering: Foundation for Software Quality 20thInternationalWorkingConference,REFSQ2014 Essen, Germany,April 7-10, 2014 Proceedings 1 3 VolumeEditors CamilleSalinesi UniversitéParis1Panthéon-Sorbonne,CentrePierreMendesFrance 90,ruedeTolbiac,75634ParisCedex13,France E-mail:[email protected] IngevandeWeerd VUUniversityAmsterdam,KINResearchGroup DeBoelelaan1105,1081HVAmsterdam,TheNetherlands E-mail:[email protected] ISSN0302-9743 e-ISSN1611-3349 ISBN978-3-319-05842-9 e-ISBN978-3-319-05843-6 DOI10.1007/978-3-319-05843-6 SpringerChamHeidelbergNewYorkDordrechtLondon LibraryofCongressControlNumber:2014933802 LNCSSublibrary:SL2–ProgrammingandSoftwareEngineering ©SpringerInternationalPublishingSwitzerland2014 Thisworkissubjecttocopyright.AllrightsarereservedbythePublisher,whetherthewholeorpartof thematerialisconcerned,specificallytherightsoftranslation,reprinting,reuseofillustrations,recitation, broadcasting,reproductiononmicrofilmsorinanyotherphysicalway,andtransmissionorinformation storageandretrieval,electronicadaptation,computersoftware,orbysimilarordissimilarmethodology nowknownorhereafterdeveloped.Exemptedfromthislegalreservationarebriefexcerptsinconnection withreviewsorscholarlyanalysisormaterialsuppliedspecificallyforthepurposeofbeingenteredand executedonacomputersystem,forexclusiveusebythepurchaserofthework.Duplicationofthispublication orpartsthereofispermittedonlyundertheprovisionsoftheCopyrightLawofthePublisher’slocation, inistcurrentversion,andpermissionforusemustalwaysbeobtainedfromSpringer.Permissionsforuse maybeobtainedthroughRightsLinkattheCopyrightClearanceCenter.Violationsareliabletoprosecution undertherespectiveCopyrightLaw. Theuseofgeneraldescriptivenames,registerednames,trademarks,servicemarks,etc.inthispublication doesnotimply,evenintheabsenceofaspecificstatement,thatsuchnamesareexemptfromtherelevant protectivelawsandregulationsandthereforefreeforgeneraluse. Whiletheadviceandinformationinthisbookarebelievedtobetrueandaccurateatthedateofpublication, neithertheauthorsnortheeditorsnorthepublishercanacceptanylegalresponsibilityforanyerrorsor omissionsthatmaybemade.Thepublishermakesnowarranty,expressorimplied,withrespecttothe materialcontainedherein. Typesetting:Camera-readybyauthor,dataconversionbyScientificPublishingServices,Chennai,India Printedonacid-freepaper SpringerispartofSpringerScience+BusinessMedia(www.springer.com) Preface Requirements Engineering is a dominant factor that influences the quality of software, systems, and services. The REFSQ working conference series is well established as one of the leading international forums for discussing RE and its many relations to quality. This year, 2014, we celebrate REFSQ’s 20th anniversary. In 2006, REFSQ became a working conference and since 2010, it has been organized as a stand- aloneevent.However,REFSQusedtobeaworkshopassociatedwiththeCAiSE Conference.Andreally,everythingstartedbackin1994,inUtrecht,20yearsago. Anyway, enough with history, the bottom line is: we are extremely pleased to present you the REFSQ 2014 proceedings that compiles 23 papers presented during the 8th and 10th of April 2014 in Essen, Germany. This collection of papers results from a thorough reviewing process. 89 pa- pers were initially submitted. After filtering out the papers that only submitted abstracts, we were left with 64 papers, of which 3 were desk rejected either because they were clearly out of scope or because they did not respect the au- thoring guidelines and formatting constraints. Three members of the Program Committee reviewed each paper. Then, a discussion was undertaken in order to check consistency of evaluations, enrich reviews, and search for a consensus on the final decision. Last, papers were discussed at the Program Committee meeting. Eventhougheach paper was discussedfor its own qualities and issues, themeetinghelpedreachahomogenousevaluationbetweenallpapers.23papers werefinallyselected.Authorsofrejectedpaperswereencouragedtosubmittheir papers at the REFSQ workshops, or as a poster. The REFSQ conference is organized as a three-day symposium with two days devoted to scientific papers presentation with a one-day industry track in-between. Both the industry and scientific presentations concern a variety of topics, which show the liveliness of the requirements engineering domain. These topicsareforinstance:scalabilityinRE,communicationissues,compliancewith law and regulations, RE for self adaptive systems, requirements traceability, new sources of requirements, domain specific RE, natural language issues, and of course games. ‘Games for RE and RE for Games’ was the special topic of REFSQ 2014.This was materializedby a plenarysessionat the conference,and by a keynote given by Catherine Rolland, a serious games expert and project manager at KTM Advance, a French company specialized in serious games. As Catherine showed in her keynote, games are a very specific kind of software, whose development involves very specific RE concerns from the special role of artdirectorsinsoftwaregameprojects,tothetheoreticalfoundationsofludicity, probably the most important requirement when it comes to games! REFSQisacollaborativeeffort.Asprogramco-chairs,wewouldliketothank the Steering Committee, all the members of the Program Committee, and the VI Preface organizing team, especially Roxana Klippert and Tobias Kaufmann who were invaluable in the organization of this conference. We also want to thank the industry track co-chairs Erik Kamsties and Martin, the poster session co-chairs Krzysztof Wnuk and Vincenzo Gervasi, the workshop co-chairs Birgit Penzen- stadler and Anne Persson, the doctoral symposium co-chairs Daniel M. Berry and Roel Wieringa, and the empirical track co-chairs Jolita Ralyte and Xavier Franch. All the publications associatedwith the satellite events can be found in the REFSQ workshopproceedings published at CEUR. WehopeyouwillenjoytheseproceedingsandhopetoseeyousoonatREFSQ where we will have the opportunity to discuss research results, but also ground breaking ideas as well as return on experience! January 2014 Camille Salinesi Inge van de Weerd Conference Organization Programme Co-Chairs Camille Salinesi Universit´eParis1Panth´eon-Sorbonne,France Inge van de Weerd VU University Amsterdam, The Netherlands Organizing Team Tobias Kaufmann University of Duisburg-Essen, Germany Stella Roxana Klippert University of Duisburg-Essen, Germany Secretary of the Organizing Team Selda Saritas University of Duisburg-Essen, Germany Industry Track Co-Chairs Erik Kamsties Fachhochschule Dortmund, Germany Martin Glinz University of Zurich, Switzerland Poster Session Co-Chairs Krzysztof Wnuk Lund University, Sweden Vincenzo Gervasi University of Pisa, Italy Workshop Chairs Birgit Penzenstadler University of California at Irvine, USA Anne Persson University of Sk¨ovde, Sweden Doctoral Symposium Co-Chairs Daniel M. Berry University of Waterloo, Canada Roel Wieringa University of Twente, The Netherlands VIII Conference Organization Empirical Track Co-Chairs Jolita Ralyte University of Geneva, Switzerland Xavier Franch Universitat Polit`ecnica de Catalunya, Spain Steering Committee Daniel M. Berry University of Waterloo, Canada Samuel Fricker Blekinge Institute of Technology, Sweden Daniela Damian University of Victoria, Canada Joerg Doerr Fraunhofer IESE, Germany Andreas L. Opdahl University of Bergen, Norway Anne Persson University of Sk¨ovde, Sweden Klaus Pohl University of Duisburg-Essen, Germany Camille Salinesi Universit´eParis1Panth´eon-Sorbonne,France Kurt Schneider Leibniz Universit¨at Hannover, Germany Inge van de Weerd VU University Amsterdam, The Netherlands Roel Wieringa University of Twente, The Netherlands Program Committee Benoit Baudry Inria, France Richard Berntsson Svensson Department of Computer Science, Lund University, Sweden Dan Berry University of Waterloo, Canada Travis Breaux Carnegie Mellon University, USA Sjaak Brinkkemper Utrecht University, The Netherlands David Callele University of Saskatchewan, Canada Jane Cleland-Huang DePaul University, USA Rolland Colette Universit´e Paris 1 Panth´eon-Sorbonne, France Daniela Damian University of Victoria, Canada Maya Daneva University of Twente, The Neherlands Joerg Doerr Fraunhofer IESE, Germany Eric Dubois CRP Henri Tudor, Luxembourg Sergio Espan˜a PROS ResearchCentre, Canada Xavier Franch Universitat Polit`ecnica de Catalunya, Spain Samuel Fricker Blekinge Institute of Technology, Sweden Donald Gause Binghamton University, USA Vincenzo Gervasi University of Pisa, Italy Martin Glinz University of Zurich, Switzerland Tony Gorschek Blekinge Institute of Technology, Sweden Olly Gotel Independent Researcher, USA Paul Gruenbacher Johannes Kepler University Linz, Austria Conference Organization IX Peter Haumer IBM Rational, USA Andrea Herrmann Free Software Engineering Trainer, Germany Patrick Heymans University of Namur (FUNDP)/PReCISE Research Centre, Belgium Jennifer Horkoff DISI, University of Trento, Italy Erik Kamsties University of Applied Sciences and Arts Dortmund, Germany Marjo Kauppinen Aalto University, Finland Eric Knauss University of Victoria, Canada Kim Lauenroth Adesso AG, Germany Soren Lauesen IT University of Copenhagen, Denmark Pericles Loucopoulos LoughboroughUniversity, UK Raimundas Matulevicius University of Tartu, Estonia Raul Mazo Universit´e Paris 1 Panth´eon-Sorbonne, France Isabelle Mirbel I3S, France John Mylopoulos University of Toronto, Canada Cornelius Ncube Bournemouth University, UK Andreas L Opdahl University of Bergen, Norway Barbara Paech Universit¨at Heidelberg, Germany Oscar Pastor Lopez Valencia, Spain Anne Persson University of Sk¨ovde, Sweden Kai Petersen Blekinge Institute of Technology/EricssonAB, Sweden Klaus Pohl University of Duisburg-Essen, Germany Jolita Ralyt´e University of Geneva, Switzerland Gil Regev Ecole Polytechnique F´ed´erale de Lausanne, Switzerland Bjorn Regnell Lund University, Sweden Kristian Sandahl Linkoeping University, Sweden Pete Sawyer Lancaster University, UK Kurt Schneider Leibniz Universit¨at Hannover, Germany Norbert Seyff University of Zurich, Switzerland Guttorm Sindre NTNU, Norway Janis Stirna Stockholm University, Sweden Thorsten Weyer University of Duisburg-Essen, Germany Roel Wieringa University of Twente, The Netherlands Krzysztof Wnuk Lund University, Sweden Eric Yu University of Toronto, Canada Didar Zowghi University of Technology, Sydney, Australia X Conference Organization Additional Reviewers Bano, Muneera Riegel, Norman Dalpiaz, Fabiano Sannier, Nicolas de La Vara, Jose Luis Todoran, Irina Hesse, Tom-Michael Villela, Karina Hu¨bner, Paul Vlaanderen, Kevin Knauss, Alessia Zorn-Pauli, Gabriele Maier, Andreas
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