Requirements Engineering: Foundation for Software Quality: 15th International Working Conference, REFSQ 2009 Amsterdam, The Netherlands, June 8-9, 2009 Proceedings PDF
Preview Requirements Engineering: Foundation for Software Quality: 15th International Working Conference, REFSQ 2009 Amsterdam, The Netherlands, June 8-9, 2009 Proceedings
Lecture Notes in Computer Science 5512 CommencedPublicationin1973 FoundingandFormerSeriesEditors: GerhardGoos,JurisHartmanis,andJanvanLeeuwen EditorialBoard DavidHutchison LancasterUniversity,UK TakeoKanade CarnegieMellonUniversity,Pittsburgh,PA,USA JosefKittler UniversityofSurrey,Guildford,UK JonM.Kleinberg CornellUniversity,Ithaca,NY,USA AlfredKobsa UniversityofCalifornia,Irvine,CA,USA FriedemannMattern ETHZurich,Switzerland JohnC.Mitchell StanfordUniversity,CA,USA MoniNaor WeizmannInstituteofScience,Rehovot,Israel OscarNierstrasz UniversityofBern,Switzerland C.PanduRangan IndianInstituteofTechnology,Madras,India BernhardSteffen UniversityofDortmund,Germany MadhuSudan MassachusettsInstituteofTechnology,MA,USA DemetriTerzopoulos UniversityofCalifornia,LosAngeles,CA,USA DougTygar UniversityofCalifornia,Berkeley,CA,USA GerhardWeikum Max-PlanckInstituteofComputerScience,Saarbruecken,Germany Martin Glinz Patrick Heymans (Eds.) Requirements Engineering: Foundation for Software Quality 15thInternationalWorkingConference,REFSQ2009 Amsterdam, The Netherlands, June 8-9, 2009 Proceedings 1 3 VolumeEditors MartinGlinz UniversityofZurich DepartmentofInformatics Binzmühlestrasse14,8050Zurich,Switzerland E-mail:glinz@ifi.uzh.ch www.ifi.uzh.ch/∼glinz PatrickHeymans FUNDP–UniversityofNamur ComputerScienceFaculty PReCISEResearchCentre RueGrandgagnage21,5000Namur,Belgium E-mail:[email protected] www.info.fundp.ac.be/∼phe LibraryofCongressControlNumber:Appliedfor CRSubjectClassification(1998):D.2,D.2.1,D.2.3,D.1,I.2.2,D.1.2 LNCSSublibrary:SL2–ProgrammingandSoftwareEngineering ISSN 0302-9743 ISBN-10 3-642-02049-6SpringerBerlinHeidelbergNewYork ISBN-13 978-3-642-02049-0SpringerBerlinHeidelbergNewYork Thisworkissubjecttocopyright.Allrightsarereserved,whetherthewholeorpartofthematerialis concerned,specificallytherightsoftranslation,reprinting,re-useofillustrations,recitation,broadcasting, reproductiononmicrofilmsorinanyotherway,andstorageindatabanks.Duplicationofthispublication orpartsthereofispermittedonlyundertheprovisionsoftheGermanCopyrightLawofSeptember9,1965, initscurrentversion,andpermissionforusemustalwaysbeobtainedfromSpringer.Violationsareliable toprosecutionundertheGermanCopyrightLaw. springer.com ©Springer-VerlagBerlinHeidelberg2009 PrintedinGermany Typesetting:Camera-readybyauthor,dataconversionbyScientificPublishingServices,Chennai,India Printedonacid-freepaper SPIN:12688807 06/3180 543210 Preface This volume contains the papers accepted for presentation at the 15th Work- ing Conference on Requirements Engineering: Foundation for Software Quality (REFSQ 2009), held in Amsterdam during June 8–9, 2009. Since1994,whenthefirstREFSQtookplace,requirementsengineering(RE) hasneverceasedtobeadominantfactorinfluencingthequalityofsoftware,sys- tems and services. Initially started as a workshop, the REFSQ working confer- ence series has now established itself as one of the leading international forums fordiscussingREinits manyrelationstoquality.Itseeksreportsonnovelideas and techniques that enhance the quality of RE products and processes, as well as reflections on current researchand industrial RE practices. One of the most appreciated characteristics of REFSQ is that of being a highly interactive and structured event. Each session is organized in order to provokediscussionamongthe presentersofpapers,discussantsandalltheother participants.Typically,afterapaperispresented,itisimmediatelydiscussedby one or two pre-assigned discussants, then subject to a free discussion involving all participants. At the end of each session, an open discussion of all the papers presented in the session takes place. REFSQ 2009 maintained this tradition. The special theme of REFSQ 2009 was value and risk in relation to RE and quality. Ensuring that requirements, and eventually running systems, meet the values of the individuals and organizations that they are meant to serve has always been at the core of RE. Nowadays, continuously changing technol- ogy, ubiquitous software, ever-growing system complexity, and unheard of mar- ket pressure, simultaneously with new business models based, for example, on crowdsourcing, make the concern for value all the more present and challeng- ing. The notion of value is inseparably connected to the notion of risk. We are challenged both by product risks, i.e., risks that threaten the value we want to achievewiththesystemswebuild,andprojectrisk,i.e.,theriskofnotachieving the intended value when building a system. Identifying andmitigating risks is a core task of RE. While REFSQ 2009 invited general submissions on RE, papers dealing with value and risk were especially welcome. In all, we received a healthy 60 submis- sions,consisting of 49 full papers and 11 short papers.After all the submissions were carefully assessed by three independent reviewers and went through elec- tronic discussions, the Program Committee met and finally selected 14 top-quality full papers (11 research papers and 3 experience reports), result- ing in an acceptance rate of 29% (14/49) for full papers. In addition to those 14 papers, 7 high-quality short papers were selected: 4 were shortened versions of very promising but not fully mature long papers, while the remaining 3 were selected from the 11 submitted short papers. The overallacceptance rate of the conference was thus of 35% (21/60). VI Preface The table of contents shows a topical grouping of papers highlighting the success of this year’s special theme. It also indicates consistent interest of the community in already popular topics such as change and evolution, inconsis- tency, interaction, structuring, elicitation, creativity, documentation, modelling and researchmethods. The work presented at REFSQ 2009 continues to have a strong anchoring in practice with empirical investigations spanning over a wide range of application domains, including embedded systems (automotive, mobile communication,navigation),off-the-shelfandopen-sourcesofware,businessand Web-based information systems, smart homes, and product lifecycle manage- ment. The international character of REFSQ is underlined by the 12 countries represented1 this year with a notable 33% (7/21) of papers coming from North America. Table 1 provides more details2. Table 1. Authorsand papers per country Country Number of papersNumber of authors Australia 1 1 Austria 1 2 Belgium 1 4 Canada 1 4 France 2 5 Germany 4 10 Greece 1 1 Spain 1 2 Sweden 5 12 Switzerland 1 3 UK 4 10 US 6 10 Asinpreviousyears,theseproceedingsserveasarecordofREFSQ2009,but alsopresentanexcellentsnapshotofthestateoftheartofresearchandpractice inRE.Assuch,webelievethattheyareofinteresttothewholeREcommunity, from students embarking on their PhD to experienced practitioners interested in emerging knowledge, techniques and methods. All readers who are interested in an account of the discussions that took placeduringtheconferenceshouldconsultthepost-conferencesummarythatwe intend to publish as usual in the ACM SIGSOFT Software Engineering Notes. REFSQ is essentiallya collaborativeeffort.Firstofall,we thank Anne Pers- son and Guttorm Sindre, who served REFSQ 2009 very well as Organization Chairs. We are also indebted to the CAiSE 2009 organization team for their efficient support in co-locating both events. REFSQ would not be in its 15th 1 Computed from theaffiliations of theauthors. 2 The sum of the second column is higher than the total number of accepted papers because some papershave authorsfrom multiple countries. Preface VII editionthisyearwithoutthewiseguidanceofourAdvisoryBoard–EricDubois, AndreasL.OpdahlandKlausPohl–as wellas allthe formerconferencechairs. AstheProgramChairsofREFSQ2009,wedeeplythankthemembersofthe REFSQ 2009 Program Committee and the additional referees for their careful and timely reviews. We especially thank those who actively participated in the ProgramCommittee meeting and those who volunteered to act as shephards to help finalize promisingpapers.Finally, we wouldlike to thank our collaborators at the University of Zurich and the University of Namur: Eya Ben Charrada, C´edricJeanneret,ReinhardStoiberandTobiasReinhardfortheircarefulformat checking of the camera-ready submissions, Germain Saval and Andreas Classen fortheirsupportinsettingupthewebsiteandforthelayoutofthecallforpapers. Last, but not least, we thank Evelyne Berger and Laura Oger who provided all sorts of administrative support. April 2009 Martin Glinz Patrick Heymans Organization Advisory Board Eric Dubois PRC Henri Tudor, Luxembourg Andreas L. Opdahl University of Bergen, Norway Klaus Pohl University of Duisburg-Essen, Germany Program Chairs Martin Glinz University of Zurich, Switzerland Patrick Heymans University of Namur, Belgium Organization Chairs Anne Persson University of Skoevde, Sweden Guttorm Sindre NTNU, Norway Program Committee Ian Alexander Scenario Plus, UK Aybu¨ke Aurum University New South Wales, Australia Daniel M. Berry University of Waterloo, Canada Ju¨rgen B¨orstler University of Ume˚a, Sweden Sjaak Brinkkemper Utrecht University, The Netherlands David Callele University of Saskatchewan, Canada Alan Davis University of Colorado at Colorado Springs, USA Joerg Doerr Fraunhofer/IESE,Germany Christof Ebert Vector, Germany Anthony Finkelstein University College London, UK Xavier Franch Universitat Polit`ecnica de Catalunya, Spain Vincenzo Gervasi Universita` di Pisa, Italy Jaap Gordijn VrijeUniversiteitAmsterdam,TheNetherlands Tony Gorschek Blekinge Institute of Technology, Sweden Olly Gotel Pace University, USA Paul Gru¨nbacher University of Linz, Austria Peter Haumer IBM Rational, USA Jane Huang DePaul University, USA Matthias Jarke RWTH Aachen, Germany Sara Jones City University, London, UK Natalia Juristo Universidad Polit´ecnica de Madrid, Spain X Organization Erik Kamsties University of Applied Sciences, Lu¨beck, Germany Søren Lauesen IT University of Copenhagen, Denmark Seok-Won Lee UniversityofNorthCarolinaatCharlotte,USA Michel Lemoine ONERA, France Nazim H. Madhavji University of Western Ontario, Canada Neil Maiden City University, London, UK Raimundas Matuleviˇcius University of Namur, Belgium Haris Mouratidis University of East London, UK John Mylopoulos University of Toronto, Canada Cornelius Ncube Bournemouth University, UK Bashar Nuseibeh Open University, UK Barbara Paech University of Heidelberg, Germany Oscar Pastor Valencia University of Technology, Spain Colette Rolland Universit´eParisI–Panth´eonSorbonne,France Gil Regev EPFL, Switzerland Bjo¨rn Regnell Lund University, Sweden Camille Salinesi Universit´eParis1-Panth´eonSorbonne,France Kristian Sandahl Linko¨ping University, Sweden Peter Sawyer Lancaster University, UK Kurt Schneider University of Hannover, Germany Janis Stirna Jo¨nk¨oping University, Sweden Axel van Lamsweerde Universit´e Catholique de Louvain, Belgium Roel Wieringa University of Twente, The Netherlands Eric Yu University of Toronto, Canada Didar Zowghi University of Technology Sydney, Australia Additional Referees Lars Borner Mahvish Khurum Jordi Cabot Kim Lauenroth Oscar Dieste Armstrong Nhlabatsi Golnaz Elahi Zornitza Racheva Anna Grima´n Ju¨rgen Ru¨ckert Jennifer Horkoff Henk van der Schuur Siv-Hilde Houmb Christer Tho¨rn Slinger Jansen Inge van de Weerd Marijke Janssen Krzysztof Wnuk Sybren de Kinderen Sponsoring Institutions – University of Namur, Belgium – University of Zurich, Switzerland – CAiSE 2009 conference organization – Interuniversity Attraction Poles Programme,Belgian State, Belgian Science Policy (MoVES project) Table of Contents 1. Value and Risk When Product Managers Gamble with Requirements: Attitudes to Value and Risk .................................................. 1 Nina D. Fogelstro¨m, Sebastian Barney, Aybu¨ke Aurum, and Anders Hederstierna Toward a Service Management Quality Model ....................... 16 Gil Regev, Olivier Hayard, Donald C. Gause, and Alain Wegmann A Controlled Experiment of a Method for Early Requirements Triage Utilizing Product Strategies ....................................... 22 Mahvish Khurum, Tony Gorschek, Lefteris Angelis, and Robert Feldt Demystifying Release Definition: From Requirements Prioritization to Collaborative Value Quantification ................................. 37 Tom Tourw´e, Wim Codenie, Nick Boucart, and Vladimir Blagojevi´c 2. Change and Evolution Specifying Changes Only – A Case Study on Delta Requirements ...... 45 Andrea Herrmann, Armin Wallno¨fer, and Barbara Paech Requirements Tracing to Support Change in Dynamically Adaptive Systems ........................................................ 59 Kristopher Welsh and Pete Sawyer 3. Interactions and Inconsistencies Early Identification of Problem Interactions: A Tool-Supported Approach ....................................................... 74 Thein Than Tun, Yijun Yu, Robin Laney, and Bashar Nuseibeh Composing Models for Detecting Inconsistencies: A Requirements Engineering Perspective........................................... 89 Gilles Perrouin, Erwan Brottier, Benoit Baudry, and Yves Le Traon 4. Organization and Structuring Experiences with a Requirements Object Model...................... 104 Joy Beatty and James Hulgan XII Table of Contents Architecting and Coordinating Thousands of Requirements – An Industrial Case Study ............................................ 118 Krzysztof Wnuk, Bjo¨rn Regnell, and Claes Schrewelius 5. Experience BPMN-BasedSpecificationofTaskDescriptions:ApproachandLessons Learnt.......................................................... 124 Jose Luis de la Vara and Juan S´anchez Clarifying Non-functional Requirements to Improve User Acceptance – Experience at Siemens................................ 139 Christoph Marhold, Clotilde Rohleder, Camille Salinesi, and Joerg Doerr 6. Elicitation Scenarios in the Wild: Experiences with a Contextual Requirements Discovery Method................................................ 147 Norbert Seyff, Florian Graf, Neil Maiden, and Paul Gru¨nbacher Inventing Requirements with Creativity Support Tools................ 162 Inger Kristine Karlsen, Neil Maiden, and Andruid Kerne 7. Research Methods A Quantitative Assessment of Requirements Engineering Publications – 1963-2008 ..................................................... 175 Alan Davis and Ann Hickey Assurance Case Driven Case Study Design for Requirements Engineering Research............................................. 190 Robin A. Gandhi and Seok-Won Lee 8. Behavior Modeling Translation of Textual Specifications to Automata by Means of Discourse Context Modeling....................................... 197 Leonid Kof A Requirements Reference Model for Model-Based Requirements Engineering in the Automotive Domain............................. 212 Birgit Penzenstadler, Ernst Sikora, and Klaus Pohl 9. Empirical Studies Quality Requirements in Practice:An Interview Study in Requirements Engineering for Embedded Systems ................................ 218 Richard Berntsson Svensson, Tony Gorschek, and Bj¨orn Regnell
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