Reproduction in Farm Animals

525 Pages·2000·114.43 MB·English

by  E. S. E. Hafez

REPRODUCTION IN
F
ARM ANIMALS
7th Edition

Editor: DonnaBalado
ManagingEditor:Karen Gulliver
MarketingManager: Annie Smith
Production Editor: Paula C.Williams
Copyright © 2000LippincottWilliams& Wilkins
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Printedin theUnitedStates ofAmerica
FirstEdition, 1962
Japanese translation, 1965
Spanishtranslation, 1967
SecondEdition, 1968
Japanese translation, 1971
Third Edition, 1974
FourthEdition, 1980
Reprinted, 1982
Portuguese translation, 1982
Italian translation, 1985
Fifth Edition, 1987
Japanese translation, 1992
Spanishtranslation, 1992
SixthEdition, 1993
Libraryof CongressCataloging-in-PublicationData
Reproduction in farm animals /edited byB.Hafez,E.S.E.Hafez.-7thed.
p. em.
Includes bibliographicalreferences.
ISBN 0-683-30577-8
1. Livestock-Reproduction. 2. Veterinaryphysiology. I. Hafez, B.
II. Hafez,E.S. E.(ElsayedSaad Eldin), 1922-
SF871.R47 2000
636.089'26-dc21 99-053783
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PREFACE
The first edition, published in 1962, covered the basic and ofspermfertilizability using zona..free hamster egg (fresh or
comparative aspects ofreproductive physiology in a simpli.. frozen); motilitypatternasviewedbyvideotapemicroscopy;
fied manner to meet the needs of students in reproductive invitropenetrabilityofspermin bovinecervicalmucus; and
biology, veterinarymedicine, andanimalsciences.Thisob.. cryopreservationofembryos andsemenusing computerized
jective is maintained in the seventh edition, which repre.. freezers.Most ofthe investigationsreviewed in this edition
sents a condensed, concise treatise on the physiology and are based more onholisticresearch thanonresearch at the
biochemistry of reproduction of farm animals. The book is submicroscopic or molecular level. However, the excite..
divided into major sections and these, in turn, are loosely ment generated by recent advances in molecular biology
arrayed intotwo domains, the componentsofthereproduc.. and development tend to downgrade the value ofwhole..
tive system and the regulation of the reproductive process, animalresearch.Noattemptwasmadeto provideadetailed
fromthecontrolofovulationto theinitiationofparturition. bibliography, but a selected number of 'classicpapers and
The reader will note the profound differences among the review articles are listed at the end of each chapter.
various animalspecies. To address this issue we provided This edition could not have been revised without the
separate coverage of the major species, where this seemed cooperation of the contributing authors andtheir willing..
appropriate,sothatthestudentofreproductioncouldascer.. ness to follow the editorial guidelines. The chapters have
tain.the similarities and differences among them. been concisely edited, and the major concepts'have been
Duringthe pastdecade there were significantadvances summarized in tables supplemented by line drawings and
in the main concepts of animal reproduction as a result of scanningelectronmicrographs.Allchaptershavebeencom..
modern biotechnology, such as the use of gonadotropin pletely revised and condensed. There have been numerous
releasinghormones and theiranalogs, assisted reproductive deletionsfrom thesixthedition,aswellasintegrationofnew
technologv/andrology (ARTA), genetics, molecular biol.. and modern concepts such as "growth factors," molecular
ogy, immunology, toxicology, and pharmacology. Five new biology, genetics,andinvitromicromanipulationofgametes
chapters have been added to the 7th edition: and embryos.
Sometabulatedappendicesinclude:chromosomenum..
1. Reproduction in Llamas and Alpacas bersandreproductiveabilityofbovine,caprinae,andequine
2. Genetic Engineering species andsome oftheirhybrids; preparationofphysiologic
3. Pharmacotoxologic Factors and Reproduction solutions,spermstains,tissue culturemedia,andcryoprotec..
4. Immunology of Reproduction tants. These appendices proved to be helpful for staging
5. Molecular Biology of Reproduction demonstrations, laboratory exercises, and training work..
shops for teachers, laboratory technicians, and students. It
Modern techniques of bioengineering of farm animals is hoped that the seventh edition will be of some help to
involve microinsemination, recombinationofDNA, andin undergraduate students in animal sciences and veterinary
vitromanipulation, transfer, and expressionofgenes. These medicine.
techniquesweregreatlyimprovedwiththeuseofcomputers,
microcomputers,andcommerciallyavailablediagnosticand B. Hafez/E.S.E. Hafez
analytical kits. A wide.variety of techniques have been Kiawah Island, South Carolina USA
employed for.the evaluation of semen, such as: evaluation March, 2000
v

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
Included in the seventh edition, the contributions and the of the table of contents and detailed structure of several
valuable information were provided by: S.E. Abdelgadir, chapters. Sincere thanks are due to Ms. Donna Balado and
L.L. Anderson, A.E. Archibong, R.L. Ax, M. Dally, B.A. Crystal Taylor of Lippincott Williams & Wilkins for their
Didion, D.P. Froman, D.L. Garner, R.D. Geisett, P.J. Han.. meticulous and painstaking efforts during the preparation
sen, J.D. Kirby, 8.S. Koide, R.W. Lenz, C.C. Love, J.R. of the book. Special thanks are also due to Vice President
Malayer, J.A. Proudman,J.Sumar,D.O. Varner,H. Wahid, Timothy Satterfield for his excellentcooperation and con..
and Professor M.R. Jainudeen, my friend and long..time tinued interest in the development of animal and veteri..
associate, who has contributed greatly to the improvement nary sciences.
vii