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Repentance in late antiquity : eastern asceticism and the framing of the Christian life c. 400-650 CE PDF

255 Pages·2013·1.02 MB·English
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OXFORD THEOLOGY AND RELIGION MONOGRAPHS EditorialCommittee J.BARTON M.J.EDWARDS P.S.FIDDES G.D.FLOOD D.N.J.MACCULLOCH C.C.ROWLAND OXFORDTHEOLOGYANDRELIGIONMONOGRAPHS BLAKE’SJERUSALEMASVISIONARYTHEATRE EnteringtheDivineBody SuzanneSklar(2011) PAULTILLICHANDTHEPOSSIBILITYOFREVELATION THROUGHFILM JonathanBrant(2012) HINDUTHEOLOGYANDBIOLOGY TheBhāgavataPuran(cid:2)aandContemporaryTheory JonathanB.Edelmann(2012) ETHNICITYANDTHEMIXEDMARRIAGECRISISINEZRA9–10 AnAnthropologicalApproach KatherineE.Southwood(2012) DIVINEPRODUCTIONINLATEMEDIEVAL TRINITARIANTHEOLOGY HenryofGhent,DunsScotus,andWilliamOckham JTPaasch(2012) THESALVATIONOFATHEISTSANDCATHOLIC DOGMATICTHEOLOGY StephenBullivant(2012) COMEDYANDFEMINISTINTERPRETATIONOF THEHEBREWBIBLE ASubversiveCollaboration MelissaA.Jackson(2012) THESTORYOFISRAELINTHEBOOKOFQOHELET EcclesiastesasCulturalMemory JennieBarbour(2012) THEANTI-PELAGIANCHRISTOLOGYOFAUGUSTINE OFHIPPO,396–430 DominicKeech(2012) VISIONARYRELIGIONANDRADICALISMINEARLY INDUSTRIALENGLAND FromSouthcotttoSocialism PhilipLockley(2012) Repentance in Late Antiquity Eastern Asceticism and the Framing of the – ce Christian Life c.400 650 ALEXIS TORRANCE 1 3 GreatClarendonStreet,Oxford,OX26DP, UnitedKingdom OxfordUniversityPressisadepartmentoftheUniversityofOxford. ItfurtherstheUniversity’sobjectiveofexcellenceinresearch,scholarship, andeducationbypublishingworldwide.Oxfordisaregisteredtrademarkof OxfordUniversityPressintheUKandincertainothercountries #AlexisTorrance2013 Themoralrightsoftheauthorhavebeenasserted FirstEditionpublishedin2013 Impression:1 Allrightsreserved.Nopartofthispublicationmaybereproduced,storedin aretrievalsystem,ortransmitted,inanyformorbyanymeans,withoutthe priorpermissioninwritingofOxfordUniversityPress,orasexpresslypermitted bylaw,bylicenceorundertermsagreedwiththeappropriatereprographics rightsorganization.Enquiriesconcerningreproductionoutsidethescopeofthe aboveshouldbesenttotheRightsDepartment,OxfordUniversityPress,atthe addressabove Youmustnotcirculatethisworkinanyotherform andyoumustimposethissameconditiononanyacquirer BritishLibraryCataloguinginPublicationData Dataavailable ISBN 978–0–19–966536–5 PrintedinGreatBritainby MPGBooksGroup,BodminandKing’sLynn For Eugenia (cid:2)e(cid:3) (cid:4)(cid:5)(cid:6)º(cid:7)Ø(cid:5)(cid:7)(cid:3) åæ(cid:6)(cid:3)(cid:7)(cid:3) (cid:8)B(cid:9) ÇøB(cid:9) (cid:10)(cid:11)H(cid:3) K(cid:3) (cid:12)Næ(cid:13)(cid:3)fiÅ ŒÆd (cid:11)(cid:12)(cid:8)Æ(cid:3)(cid:7)(cid:14)Æfi KŒ(cid:8)(cid:12)º(cid:15)(cid:16)ÆØ, (cid:5)Ææa (cid:8)(cid:7)F ˚ıæ(cid:14)(cid:7)ı ÆN(cid:8)Å(cid:16)(cid:17)(cid:11)(cid:12)ŁÆ This page intentionally left blank Acknowledgements There are many scholars and friends to whom I owe a great debt of gratitudefortheirencouragement,support,andguidancethroughout theprocessofresearchingforandwritingthisstudy,notallofwhom can be mentioned here. The first debt belongs to Dr Jane Baun, my doctoralsupervisoratOxford,whohasalwaysbeenequippedwitha readywordtoexhort,aid,andsustain.Similarly,thanksareduetoDr Yannis Papadoyannakis, who served as a supporting advisor and acted beyond his official responsibilities in helping and guiding my research. Both Drs Baun and Papadoyannakis petitioned for me to embark on an academic exchange at Princeton University’s History Department, where I was given the opportunity to work with Pro- fessorPeterBrown,perhapsthemostprofitableacademicexperience Icouldhopefor.MuchgratitudeisduetoProfessorBrownfortaking meonandofferingmehiscarefulandwiseguidance,whoseincisive counselsarealwaysseasonedwithsalt. ThanksareowedalsotoRtRevdDrKallistosWareandDrMark Edwards, who have taken the time on numerous occasions to read andcommentonmywork,providingdirectionandinspirationfrom manyrichyearsofpatristicresearchandsupervision. I am grateful to the Arts and Humanities Research Council, to- gether with the electors of the University of Oxford’s Bampton Studentship and Christ Church’s Hugh Pilkington Scholarship, for generously supporting the research of this work in its form as a doctoral dissertation. I am likewise grateful to the University of Notre Dame’s Institute for Advanced Study and Princeton Univer- sity’s Center for Hellenic Studies for providing me with support as Ifinalizedturningthethesisintoamonograph. For their advice, encouragement, help, and guidance in various aspects of my research, I would also like to thank Revd Professor AndrewLouth,RevdProfessorIrenei(Matthew)Steenberg,Professor Claudia Rapp, Professor Guy Stroumsa, Revd Professor George Pat- tison, Dr Johannes Zachhuber, Dr Kevin Uhalde, as well as the Monastic Community of St John the Baptist in Essex, England. I likewise owe a debt ofgratitude to the anonymous reviewerof this work, and to the wonderfully efficient and professional editors who viii Acknowledgements have so carefully guided me through the publication process (in particular,ElizabethRobottom,DavidTomlinson,andSarahCheese- man).Needlesstosay,anyerrors,infelicites,oroversightsthatremain aremyown. Finally, I would like to acknowledge the support of my parents, who from the first have exemplified the virtues of parental care and encouragement. The dedication of this book, however, belongs with muchloveandgratitudetoEugenia. AlexisTorrance Princeton March2012 Table of Contents Abbreviations x Introduction 1 1. TrueandFalseRepenting:TrendsintheStudyofEarly ChristianRepentancefromtheReformationtothePresent 9 2. DefiningRepentanceintheGreekPatristicWorld,PartI: HellenisticJudaism,theNewTestament,andNon- Judaeo-ChristianHellenisticSources 36 3. DefiningRepentanceintheGreekPatristicWorld,PartII: RepentanceintheEarlyChurch(aRe-assessment) 64 4. RepentanceintheTreatisesofStMarktheMonk 88 5. RepentanceintheLettersofSSBarsanuphius andJohnofGaza 118 6. RepentanceintheOeuvreofStJohnoftheLadder 158 Conclusion:RepentanceinChristianLateAntiquityand theQuestionofContinuity 176 Epilogue 181 AppendixI: ApocalypticRepentanceintheEarlyChurch 186 AppendixII: ThePenitentialCanonsandMonasticRepentance 197 Bibliography 209 IndexofScripturalReferences 235 GeneralIndex 239

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The call to repentance is central to the message of early Christianity. While this is undeniable, the precise meaning of the concept of repentance for early Christians has rarely been investigated to any great extent, beyond studies of the rise of penitential discipline. In this study, the rich vari
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