Religion, Politics and Nation-Building in Post-Communist Countries PDF
Preview Religion, Politics and Nation-Building in Post-Communist Countries
Religion, Politics and nation-Building in Post-communist countRies Post-soviet Politics series editor: neil Robinson, university of limerick, ireland the last decade has seen rapid and fundamental change in the countries of the former soviet union. although there has been considerable academic comment on these changes over the years, detailed empirical and theoretical research on the transformation of the post-soviet space is only just beginning to appear as new paradigms are developed to explain change. Post-Soviet Politics is a series focusing on the politics of change in the states of the former ussR. the series publishes original work that blends theoretical development with empirical research on post-soviet politics. the series includes work that progresses comparative analysis of post-soviet politics, as well as case study research on political change in individual post-soviet states. the series features original research monographs, thematically strong edited collections and specialized texts. uniquely, this series brings together the complete spectrum of work on post-soviet politics, providing a voice for academics world wide. Also in the series negotiating armenian-azerbaijani Peace opportunities, obstacles, Prospects Ohannes Geukjian isBn 978 1 4724 3514 9 crisis management challenges in Kaliningrad Edited by Eugene Krasnov, Anna Karpenko and Greg Simons isBn 978 1 4094 7074 8 the Politics of energy and memory between the Baltic states and Russia Agnia Grigas isBn 978 1 4094 4653 8 Ethnicity, Nationalism and Conflict in the South Caucasus nagorno-Karabakh and the legacy of soviet nationalities Policy Ohannes Geukjian isBn 978 1 4094 3630 0 the Politics of sub-national authoritarianism in Russia Edited by Vladimir Gel’man and Cameron Ross isBn 978 0 7546 7888 5 Religion, Politics and nation-Building in Post-communist countries Edited by gReg simons Uppsala University, Sweden david WesteRlund Södertörn University, Sweden © greg simons and david Westerlund 2015 all rights reserved. no part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise without the prior permission of the publisher. greg simons and david Westerlund have asserted their right under the copyright, designs and Patents Act, 1988, to be identified as the editors of this work. Published by ashgate Publishing limited ashgate Publishing company Wey court east 110 cherry street union Road suite 3-1 Farnham Burlington, vt 05401-3818 surrey, gu9 7Pt usa england www.ashgate.com British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data a catalogue record for this book is available from the British library. The Library of Congress has cataloged the printed edition as follows: Religion, politics and nation-building in post-communist countries / edited by greg simons and david Westerlund. pages cm. -- (Post-soviet politics) includes bibliographical references and index. isBn 978-1-4724-4969-6 (hardback) -- isBn 978-1-4724-4970-2 (ebook) -- isBn 978-1- 4724-4971-9 (epub) 1. Religion and politics--Russia (Federation) 2. Religion and politics- -Former soviet republics. 3. church and state--Russia (Federation) 4. church and state- -Former soviet republics. 5. orthodox eastern church--Russia (Federation) 6. orthodox eastern church--Former soviet republics. 7. Post-communism--Russia (Federation) 8. Post-communism--Former soviet republics. 9. nationalism--Russia (Federation)--Reli- gious aspects. 10. nationalism--Former soviet republics--Religious aspects. i. simons, greg, editor of compilation. ii. Westerlund, david, editor of compilation. Bl65.P7R432757 2015 201'.720947--dc23 2014030190 isBn 9781472449696 (hbk) isBn 9781472449702 (ebk – PdF) isBn 9781472449719 (ebk – ePuB) V Printed in the united Kingdom by Henry ling limited, at the dorset Press, dorchester, dt1 1Hd Contents List of Figures vii Notes on Contributors ix Preface xiii Introduction 1 Greg Simons and David Westerlund 1 Religious Diplomacy in International and Inter-Orthodox Relations 21 Greg Simons 2 Religious, Cultural and Political Dimensions of Winter-Bathing in Russia 45 Per-Arne Bodin 3 ‘Orthodoxy or Death!’: Political Orthodoxy in Russia 65 Maria Engström 4 Shamanism, Politics and Ethnos-Building in Russia 75 Olle Sundström 5 The Approved and the Disapproved Islam in Russia 99 Kaarina Aitamurto 6 Islamic Opposition in Azerbaijan: Discursive Conflicts and Beyond 117 Sofie Bedford 7 Religion and Nation-Building in Estonia: Some Perspectives on Secular Society 143 Ringo Ringvee 8 Church and State Relations in Poland, with Special Focus on the Radio Station Mary 163 Konrad Pędziwiatr vi Religion, Politics and Nation-Building in Post-Communist Countries 9 Majority, Minorities and Religious Pluralism in Romania 179 Catalin Ionete Comparative Conclusions and Wider Implications 199 Greg Simons and David Westerlund Index 213 List of Figures 2.1 The blessing of water outside the town Tyumen 47 2.2 The icon of the Baptism of Christ 52 2.3 Boris Kustodiev, Winter: Blessing of the Water on Epiphany 56 2.4 Ivan Volkov, The Blessing of the Water on the Irtysh River, 6 January, 1918 57 2.5 Anton Chirkov, Jordan, 1943 58 2.6 Engraving by Johan George Korb 59 3.1 Igor Miroshnichenko wearing the T-shirt ‘Orthodoxy or death’ 66 8.1 Dominicantes and Communicantes in Poland 1980–2011 165 This page has been left blank intentionally Notes on Contributors Dr Kaarina Aitamurto received her doctoral degree from the University of Helsinki. Her dissertation analysed contemporary Russian Paganism in the context of Russian nationalism. In her post-doctoral study, she focuses on Muslim minorities in ethnically Russian areas and, in particular, the changes in the Muslim communities in big cities such as Moscow, St Petersburg and Nizhnii Novgorod. Aitamurto holds a position of a post-doctoral researcher at the Aleksanteri Institute at the University of Helsinki and is a scholar in its centre of excellence, ‘Choices of Russian Modernisation’, funded by the Academy of Finland. She is also a member of the editorial board of the Journal of Religion and Violence. E-mail address: [email protected] Dr Sofie Bedford has a PhD in Political Science from Stockholm University and an MA in Peace and Conflict Research from Uppsala University. The title of her doctoral thesis is Islamic Activism in Azerbaijan: Repression and Mobilization in a Post-Soviet Context (Stockholm: Dept. of Political Science 2009). On the premise that Islamic activism may be interpreted as a ‘social movement’ the study focused on internal, contextual and interactional aspects of the mobilization of two mosque communities in Baku. Bedford is currently a post-doctoral researcher at the Uppsala Centre for Russian and Eurasian Studies, Uppsala University, where her new research project focuses on democracy activism and the revival of civil society in Azerbaijan. Besides her academic experiences, she has been involved in community development work with the United Nations Development Program and the International Rescue Committee in Azerbaijan. E-mail address: [email protected] Professor Per-Arne Bodin is Professor of Slavic Languages at the Department of Slavic Languages and Literatures, Stockholm University. He has written on the relationship between Russian culture and Russian Orthodox tradition and is working for the moment on a project studying the role of symbols from the Russian past in post-Soviet Russian culture. His most recent book is Language, Canonization and Holy Foolishness: Studies in Post-Soviet Russian Culture and the Orthodox Tradition (2009). E-mail address: [email protected] Dr Maria Engström studied Russian philology at the Moscow State University from 1988–91 and gained a PhD in Slavic languages at Stockholm University in 2004. In 2005–07 she held a research fellowship from the Swedish Research
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