Religion, Identity and Human Security PDF
Preview Religion, Identity and Human Security
RELIGION, IDENTITY AND HUMAN SECURITY Religion, Identity and Human Security seeks to demonstrate that a major source of human insecurity comes from the failure of states around the world to recognize the increasing cultural diversity of their populations which has resulted from globalization. Shani begins by setting out the theoretical foundations, dealing with the transformative effects of globalization on identity, religion and security. The second part of the book then draws on different cases of sites of human insecurity around the globe to develop these ideas, examining themes such as: • securitization of religious symbols; • retreat from multiculturalism; • rise of exclusivist ethno-religious identities post-9/11; and • state religion, colonization and the ‘racialization’ of migration. Highlighting that religion can be a source of both human security and insecurity in a globalizing world, Shani offers a ‘critical’ human security paradigm that seeks to desecularize the individual by recognizing the culturally contested and embedded nature of human identities. The work argues that religion serves an important role in re-embedding individuals deracinated from their communities by neo-liberal globalization, and will be of interest to students of international relations, security studies, and religion and politics. Giorgio Shaniis the Director of the Social Science Research Institute and Senior Associate Professor of Politics and International Relations at the International Christian University, Japan. Routledge studies in religion and politics Edited by Jeffrey Haynes London Metropolitan University, UK This series aims to publish high-quality works on the topic of the resurgence of political forms of religion in both national and international contexts. This trend has been especially noticeable in the post-Cold War era (that is, since the late 1980s). It has affected all the ‘world religions’ (including Buddhism, Christianity, Hinduism, Islam, and Judaism) in various parts of the world (such as the Americas, Europe, the Middle East and North Africa, South and South-East Asia, and sub- Saharan Africa). The series welcomes books that use a variety of approaches to the subject, drawing on scholarship from political science, international relations, security studies, and contemporary history. Books in the series explore these religions, regions, and topics both within and beyond the conventional domain of ‘Church–State’ relations to include the impact of religion on politics, conflict, and development, including the late Samuel Huntington’s controversial yet influential thesis about ‘clashing civilizations’. In sum, the overall purpose of this book series is to provide a comprehensive survey of what is currently happening in the interaction between religion and politics, both domestically and internationally, in relation to a variety of issues. Politics and the Religious Imagination Edited by John Dyck, Paul Rowe and Jens Zimmermann Christianity and Party Politics Keeping the faith Martin H. M. Steven Religion, Politics and International Relations Selected essays Jeffrey Haynes Religion and Democracy Aworldwide comparison Carsten Anckar Religious Actors in the Public Sphere Means, objects and effects Edited by Jeffrey Haynes and Anja Hennig Politics and Religion in the United Kingdom Steve Bruce Politics, Religion and Gender Framing and regulating the veil Edited by Sigelinde Rosenberger and Birgit Sauer Representing Religion in the European Union Does God matter? Edited by Lucian N. Leustean An Introduction to Religion and Politics Theory and practice Jonathan Fox Religion in International Relations Theory Concepts, tools, debates Nukhet A. Sandal and Jonathan Fox Religion in the Context of Globalization Essays on concept, form, and political implication Peter Beyer Religion and the Realist Tradition From political theology to international relations theory and back Jodok Troy Cosmopolitanism, Religion and the Public Sphere Maria Rovisco and Sebastian Kim Religion, Identity and Human Security Giorgio Shani “Through an erudite analysis of recent debates about the veil in France, ethno-religious tensions in South Asia, and ethno-nationalism in Japan, Giorgio Shani defends a ‘post-secular’ approach to human security that openly embraces cultural diversity and religious difference. This lucid and wide- ranging book will interest students of globalisation, identity politics, post- colonialism, and critical security studies.” Prof. Andrew Linklater, Aberystwyth University, UK “This excellent book is not only an original contribution to critical human security studies, but, more broadly, is an outstanding remapping of post- secular thinking on international relations.” Prof. Mustapha Kamal Pasha, Aberystwyth University, UK RELIGION, IDENTITY AND HUMAN SECURITY Giorgio Shani First published 2014 by Routledge 2Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon OX14 4RN and by Routledge 711 Third Avenue, New York, NY 10017 Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business ©2014 Giorgio Shani The right of Giorgio Shani to be identified as author of this work has been asserted by him in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patent Act 1988. All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilized in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers. Trademark notice:Product or corporate names may be trademarks or registered trademarks, and are used only for identification and explanation without intent toinfringe. British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data Acatalogue record for this book is available from the British Library Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data Shani, Giorgio, 1970– Religion, identity and human security / Giorgio Shani. pages cm. — (Routledge studies in religion and politics) Includes bibliographical references and index. 1. Globalization. 2. Globalization—Religious aspects. 3. Group identity. 4. Human security. 5. Multiculturalism. I. Title. JZ1318.S49 2014 306.6–dc23 2013041412 ISBN: 978-0-415-50906-0 (hbk) ISBN: 978-0-415-51925-0 (pbk) ISBN: 978-1-315-77903-4 (ebk) Typeset in Bembo by Keystroke, Station Road, Codsall, Wolverhampton Cover image: ‘Insecurity’ © Surinder Shani To Ohtsuka-sensei for saving my life; and to Milena and Arjun for making it worth living This page intentionally left blank CONTENTS Preface and acknowledgements xiii Abbreviations xvii Introduction 1 Post-secular Human Security 2 Structure of the book 5 PART I Reconceptualizing human security in a post-secular age 13 1 Globalization and identity after the financial crisis 15 The globalization debate:historical and intellectual development 17 Globalization,the nation-state and identity:major claims and developments 22 Main criticisms 28 Contemporary developments:digital diasporas,Occupy and the Arab Spring 34 Conclusion 35 2 Provincializing post-secularism 40 Discourse ethics 41 The post-secular 44 Translation or assimilation? 47 Typologies of the secular 49
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