Religion, Globalization and Culture

617 Pages·2008·3.9 MB·English

Religion, Globalization and Culture
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International Studies in
Religion and Society
VOLUME 6
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Religion, Globalization
and Culture
Edited by
Peter Beyer and Lori Beaman
LEIDEN • BOSTON
2007
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This book is printed on acid-free paper.
A C.I.P. record for this book is available from the Library of Congress.
ISSN 1573-4293
ISBN 978 90 04 15407 0
Copyright 2007 by Koninklijke Brill NV, Leiden, The Netherlands.
Koninklijke Brill NV incorporates the imprints Brill, Hotei Publishing,
IDC Publishers, Martinus Nijhoff Publishers and VSP.
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, translated,
stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic,
mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without prior written permission
from the publisher.
Authorization to photocopy items for internal or personal use is granted by
Koninklijke Brill NV provided that the appropriate fees are paid directly to
The Copyright Clearance Center, 222 Rosewood Drive, Suite 910,
Danvers, MA 01923, USA.
Fees are subject to change.
printed in the netherlands
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CONTENTS
Introduction ................................................................................ 1
Peter Beyer & Lori Beaman
PART ONE
THEORETICAL AND GLOBAL PERSPECTIVES
Global Millennialism: A Postmortem on Secularization ........... 9
Roland Robertson
The Cultural and Religious Character of World Society ......... 35
George M. Thomas
Sacred Place and Sacred Power: Conceptual Boundaries
and the Marginalization of Religious Practices ..................... 57
Meredith McGuire
Globalization, Migration and the Two Types of Religious
Boundary: A European Perspective ....................................... 79
Margit Warburg
Rethinking Secularization: A Global Comparative Perspective ..... 101
José Casanova
Religion as Identity and Contestation ........................................ 121
John H. Simpson
PART TWO
RELIGIOUS INSTITUTIONS AND GLOBALIZATION
Globalization, Religion and Empire in Asia .............................. 145
Bryan S. Turner
Globalization and the Institutional Modeling of Religions ...... 167
Peter Beyer
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vi contents
Religious Resurgence, Con(cid:2) ict and the Transformation of
Boundaries .............................................................................. 187
Gary D. Bouma
Religious Organizations .............................................................. 203
John Boli & David V. Brewington
‘Religion’ in Global Culture: New Directions in an Increasingly
Self-Conscious World .............................................................. 233
James V. Spickard
Globalization and New Religious Movements ........................... 253
Elisabeth Arweck
Religion and Phases of Globalization ........................................ 281
George Van Pelt Campbell
PART THREE
KEY ISSUES IN THE RELATION OF RELIGION,
GLOBALIZATION AND CULTURE
Religion and Ecology in the Context of Globalization ............ 305
Laurel Kearns
Religious Opposition to Globalization .............................................. 335
William A. Stahl
Religion and Exclusion/Marginalization: Globalized
Pentecostalism among Hispanics in Newark, N.J. ................. 355
Otto Maduro
Religion and Global Flows ......................................................... 375
Michael Wilkinson
Religion and the State: The Letter of the Law and the
Negotiation of Boundaries ..................................................... 391
Lori Beaman
Religion, Law, and Human Rights ............................................ 407
James T. Richardson
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contents vii
PART FOUR
REGIONAL PARTICULARIZATIONS
Religious Pluralism in a Local and Global Perspective:
Images of the Prophet Mohammed Seen in a Danish
and a Global Context ............................................................. 431
Ole Riis
Globalization and Religion: The Cases of Japan and Korea ... 453
Nobutaka Inoue
The Global Migration of Su(cid:3) Islam to South Asia and Beyond .... 473
Rubina Ramji
Hinduism, Gurus, and Globalization ......................................... 485
Shandip Saha
Globalization and the Con(cid:2) ict of Values in Middle
Eastern Societies ..................................................................... 503
Enzo Pace
Sub-Saharan Africa .................................................................... 527
Afe Adogame
Religions in Contemporary Europe in the Context
of Globalization ...................................................................... 549
Vasilios Makrides
Latin America: The “Other Christendom”, Pluralism
and Globalization ................................................................... 571
Paul Freston
Index ........................................................................................... 595
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INTRODUCTION
Peter Beyer & Lori Beaman
Globalization and Religion
In the late 1980s, globalization was still not a very common word in
any language. Its use was more or less restricted to relatively special-
ized debates in the world of business and in certain corners of the
(Western) social sciences. Since then, the term has reached the status
of a worldwide buzzword, a kind of value-laden mantra by which a
wide variety of people in various walks of life and in most regions of
the globe mean a great many different, and sometimes contradictory,
things. We have become accustomed to hearing about the ‘age of
globalization’ as a way to describe our current era. Globalization, it
almost seems, is about everything, and everything has something to do
with globalization. Given this proliferation of the concept, it is perhaps
surprising that religion has been comparatively neglected in the many
debates and in the by now unmanageably vast literature on the topic;
at least in the sense that religion does not very often seem to be about
globalization nor globalization about religion. To be sure, people who
speak from a religious perspective and with religious motivation are well
represented in the massed choirs that sing about globalization, but for
the most part their voices address the effects of globalization and how
religion should respond to globalization. Religion, it seems, is somehow
‘outside’ looking at globalization as problem or potential. There are, of
course, exceptions to this pattern, and many of the authors contributing
to this volume are among those who have written explicitly about how
religion is an integral aspect of what globalization is all about. It may
also be that the literature that does so is now increasing signi(cid:2) cantly.
Indeed, this volume may be one symptom of that changing situation.
Nonetheless, during the roughly two decades that globalization has
risen to its currently iconic status, religion as irrelevant or as outsider
to whatever globalization might mean has been the prevailing orienta-
tion, with one exception: ‘fundamentalism’.
Although this short introduction cannot be the place to provide a
detailed justi(cid:2) cation, it is entirely arguable that the rise of globalization
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