Table Of Content

This page intentionally left blank Religion and Spirituality in Psychiatry A lthough medicine is practiced in a secular setting, religious and spiritual issues have an impact on patients’ perspectives regarding their health and the management of disorders that may affl ict them. Th is is especially true in psychiatry, because spiritual and religious beliefs are prevalent among those with emotional or mental illness. Clinicians are rarely aware of the importance of religion and understand little of its value as a positive force for coping with the many diffi culties that patients and their families must face. Th is monograph addresses various issues concerning mental illness in psychiatry: the relation- ship of religious issues to mental health; the tension between theological and psychiatric perspectives; the importance of addressing these varying approaches in patient care and how to do so; and diff ering ways of treating patients using Christian, Muslim, and Buddhist principles. Th is is a book specifi cally a ddressing the challenges that mental health professionals face when seeking to consider and integrate spiritual, religious, and cultural issues relevant to patient care. Philippe Huguelet, MD, is lecturer in the Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Geneva and University of Geneva, Switzerland. Harold G. Koenig, MD, is professor of psychiatry and behavioral sciences and associate professor of medicine at Duke University Medical Center and at the Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center, Veterans Administration Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina. Religion and Spirituality in Psychiatry Edited by Philippe Huguelet University Hospital of Geneva and University of Geneva, Switzerland Harold G. Koenig Duke University Medical Center and Veterans Administration Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS Cambridge, New York, Melbourne, Madrid, Cape Town, Singapore, São Paulo Cambridge University Press The Edinburgh Building, Cambridge CB2 8RU, UK Published in the United States of America by Cambridge University Press, New York www.cambridge.org Information on this title: www.cambridge.org/9780521889520 © Cambridge University Press 2009 This publication is in copyright. Subject to statutory exception and to the provision of relevant collective licensing agreements, no reproduction of any part may take place without the written permission of Cambridge University Press. First published in print format 2007 ISBN-13 978-0-511-53451-5 eBook (NetLibrary) ISBN-13 978-0-521-88952-0 hardback Cambridge University Press has no responsibility for the persistence or accuracy of urls for external or third-party internet websites referred to in this publication, and does not guarantee that any content on such websites is, or will remain, accurate or appropriate. Every effort has been made in preparing this book to provide accurate and up-to- date information that is in accord with accepted standards and practice at the time of publication. Although case histories are drawn from actual cases, every eff ort has been made to disguise the identities of the individuals involved. Nevertheless, the authors, editors, and publishers can make no warranties that the information contained herein is totally free from error, not least because clinical standards are constantly changing through research and regulation. Th e authors, editors, and publishers therefore disclaim all liability for direct or consequential damages resulting from the use of material contained in this book. Readers are strongly advised to pay careful attention to nformation provided by the manufacturer of any drugs or equipment that they plan to use. Contents List of Contributors page vii 1 Introduction: Key Concepts 1 Philippe Huguelet and Harold G. Koenig 2 Spirituality and the Care of Madness: Historical Considerations 6 Samuel B. Th ielman 3 Th eological Perspectives on the Care of Patients with Psychiatric Disorders 19 Joel James Shuman 4 Th e Bible: Relevant Issues for Clinicians 31 Armando R. Favazza 5 Religion/Spirituality and Neuropsychiatry 48 Nader Perroud 6 R eligion/Spirituality and Psychosis 65 Philippe Huguelet and Sylvia Mohr 7 Delusions and Hallucinations with Religious Content 81 Sylvia Mohr and Samuel Pfeifer 8 Religion/Spirituality and Mood Disorders 97 Arjan W. Braam 9 Spirituality and Substance Use Disorders 114 Alyssa A. Forcehimes and J. Scott Tonigan 10 R eligion, Spirituality, and Anxiety Disorders 128 Harold G. Koenig 11 Religion/Spirituality and Dissociative Disorders 145 Pierre-Yves Brandt and Laurence Borras 12 Self-Identity and Religion/Spirituality 158 Pierre-Yves Brandt, Claude-Alexandre Fournier, and Sylvia Mohr 13 Personality, Spirituality, Religiousness, and the Personality Disorders: Predictive Relations and Treatment Implications 173 Ralph L. Piedmont v vi Contents 14 Religion, Spirituality, and Consultation-Liaison Psychiatry 190 Harold G. Koenig 15 Community Psychiatry and Religion 215 Marcus M. McKinney 16 Religious and Spiritual Assessment in Clinical Practice 232 Sylvia Mohr and Philippe Huguelet 17 Integrating Spiritual Issues into Th erapy 244 René Heft i 18 Explanatory Models of Mental Illness and Its Treatment 268 Laurence Borras and Philippe Huguelet 19 Psychiatric Treatments Involving Religion: Psychotherapy from a Christian Perspective 283 William P. Wilson 20 Psychiatric Treatments Involving Religion: Psychotherapy from an Islamic Perspective 301 Sasan Vasegh 21 Psychiatric Treatments Involving Religion: Psychiatric Care Using Buddhist Principles 317 Charles Knapp 22 Teaching Religious and Spiritual Issues 332 Elizabeth S. Bowman 23 Conclusion: Summary of What Clinicians Need to Know 354 Philippe Huguelet and Harold G. Koenig Index 369 Contributors Laurence Borras , MD Philippe Huguelet , MD Department of Psychiatry, University Hospitals Department of Psychiatry, University Hospitals of Geneva and University of Geneva, Geneva, of Geneva and University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland Switzerland Elizabeth S. Bowman, MD Charles Knapp MA, LPC Clinical Professor of Neurology, Indiana Co-Director, Windhorse Community Services, University, Consulting Psychiatrist, Indiana Boulder, Colorado University Epilepsy Clinic, Indianapolis, Harold G. Koenig , MD Indiana Department of Psychiatry, Duke University Arjan W. B raam, MD Medical Center, and Geriatric Research, Department of Psychiatry and the Institute Education and Clinical Center (GRECC), of Research in Extramural Medicine, Vrije Veterans Administration (VA) Medical Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Center, Durham, North Carolina Th e Netherlands Marcus M. McKinney , Dmin, LPC Pierre-Yves Brandt , MD Department of Psychiatry, University Faculty of Th eology and Religious Studies, of Connecticut School of Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Farmington, Connecticut, and Pastoral Switzerland Counseling, Saint Francis Hospital and Medical Center, Hartford, Connecticut Armando R. Favazza , MD Department of Psychiatry, University of Sylvia Mohr , PhD Missouri–Columbia, Columbia, Missouri Department of Psychiatry, University Hospitals of Geneva and University of Geneva, Geneva, Alyssa A. Forcehimes , PhD Switzerland Center on Alcoholism, Substance Abuse, and Addictions, University of New Mexico, Nader Perroud , MD Albuquerque, New Mexico Department of Psychiatry, University Hospitals Claude- Alexandre Fournier of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland Faculty of Th eology and Religious Studies, Samuel Pfeifer , MD University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Psychiatric Clinic Sonnenhalde, Basel-Riehen, Switzerland Switzerland René Heft i, MD Ralph L. Piedmont , PhD Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, Department of Pastoral Counseling, Klinik SGM Langenthal, Langenthal, Loyola College in Maryland, Columbia, Switzerland Maryland vii viii Contributors Joel James Shuman , PhD Sasan Vasegh, MD Center for Ethics and Public Life, King’s College, Assistant Professor of Psychiatry, Department Wilkes-Barre, Pennsylvania of Psychiatry, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran (Islamic Republic of) Samuel B. Th ielman , MD, PhD Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral William P. Wilson, MD Sciences, Duke University School of Professor Emeritus of Psychiatry, Duke Medicine, Durham, North Carolina University Medical Center, Distinguished Professor of Counseling, Carolina Evangelical J. Scott Tonigan , PhD Divinity School, Greensboro, North Carolina Center on Alcoholism, Substance Abuse, and Addictions, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico