Regulating Chemical Risks: European and Global Challenges PDF
Preview Regulating Chemical Risks: European and Global Challenges
Regulating Chemical Risks t Johan Eriksson Michael Gilek ● Christina Rudén Editors Regulating Chemical Risks European and Global Challenges Editors Johan Eriksson Michael Gilek Department of Political Science School of Life Sciences and Centre School of Social Sciences for Baltic and East European Studies Södertörn University Södertörn University Alfred Nobels allé 7 Alfred Nobels allé 7 14189 Flemingsberg 14189 Flemingsberg Sweden Sweden [email protected] [email protected] Christina Rudén Royal Institute of Technology (KTH) Teknikringen 78B SE 100 44, Stockholm Sweden [email protected] ISBN 978-90-481-9427-8 e-ISBN 978-90-481-9428-5 DOI 10.1007/978-90-481-9428-5 Springer Dordrecht Heidelberg London New York Library of Congress Control Number: 2010933855 © Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2010 No part of this work may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, microfilming, recording or otherwise, without written permission from the Publisher, with the exception of any material supplied specifically for the purpose of being entered and executed on a computer system, for exclusive use by the purchaser of the work. Printed on acid-free paper Springer is part of Springer Science+Business Media (www.springer.com) Preface This volume presents research on current trends in chemical regulations – a fast- growing, complex, and increasingly internationalized field. The book grew out from a multidisciplinary research project entitled ‘Regulating Chemical Risks in the Baltic Sea Area: Science, Politics, and the Media’, led by Michael Gilek at Södertörn University, Sweden. This research project involved scholars and experts from natural as well as social sciences, based at Södertörn University, Swedish Royal Institute of Technology (KTH), Karolinska Institutet, and Umeå University. The project group organized a multidisciplinary research conference on chemical risk regulations, held in Stockholm, August 15–17, 2007. Most of the contributions published in this book were, in draft form, first presented at this conference. The conference, like the ensuing edited volume, expanded the geographical focus beyond the Baltic Sea area to include wider European, and to some extent also global trends. Many thanks to all project colleagues and conference participants! We are very grateful for the generous financial support received from The Foundation for Baltic and East European Studies (Östersjöstiftelsen), The Swedish Research Council Formas, and from Södertörn University. Without this support the present book would not have been possible. Special thanks to all of our fellow contributors, all of whom have submitted topi- cal papers based on high-quality research. Many thanks also to Tobias Evers, who assisted us with technical editing. Finally, we are grateful for the professionalism shown by our editors at Springer. Södertörn University, Huddinge, Sweden Johan Eriksson Södertörn University, Huddinge, Sweden Michael Gilek Swedish Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden Christina Rudén v t Contents 1 Introduction ............................................................................................. 1 Michael Gilek, Johan Eriksson, and Christina Rudén Part I Chemical Risk Assessment and Risk Communication 2 Risk Governance: Contemporary and Future Challenges .................. 9 Andreas Klinke and Ortwin Renn 3 Communicating Chemical Risks: Beyond the Risk Society ................ 29 Alison Anderson 4 Framing Chemical Risks in Sweden and Poland: Journalists’ Narratives and Media Texts .............................................. 45 Annika Egan Sjölander, Katarzyna Wolanik Boström, and Kenneth Ögren 5 REACH: What Has Been Achieved and What Needs To Be Done? ............................................................................................. 71 Sven Ove Hansson and Christina Rudén 6 Improving the Value of Standard Toxicity Test Data in REACH ............................................................................... 85 Magnus Breitholtz, Elin Lundström, Ulrika Dahl, and Valery Forbes 7 Testing in Aquatic Ecotoxicology: What Are the Scientific Conditions for the ‘3R’ Concept? .......................................................... 99 Peter Pärt, Argelia Castaño, and Bengt-Erik Bengtsson 8 Chemical Risk Assessment in Toxicological Perspective ..................... 121 Helmut Greim vii viii Contents 9 Occupational Exposure Limits in Comparative Perspective: Unity and Diversity Within the European Union ................................. 133 Linda Schenk 10 Scientific Uncertainty and Science-Policy Interactions in the Risk Assessment of Hazardous Chemicals ................................. 151 Christina Rudén and Michael Gilek 11 Assessing Chemical Risks: Evaluating Products Rather than Substances, and the Case of Anti-fouling Paints ............ 163 Britta Eklund and Jenny Karlsson Part II Chemical Regulation: Politics, Policy and Management 12 Global Trends in Chemicals Management ............................................ 179 Gunnar Bengtsson 13 Regulating Chemical Risk: REACH in a Global Governance Perspective .......................................................................... 217 Veerle Heyvaert 14 The Precautionary Principle in EU and US Chemicals Policy: A Comparison of Industrial Chemicals Legislation ............................ 239 Mikael Karlsson 15 Chemical Regulations in Central and Eastern Europe: The Pull of Transnational Markets and Associations .......................... 267 Liliana B. Andonova 16 Capacity Building for Chemicals Control: Legislation, Institutions, Public–Private Relationships ............................................ 283 Bengt Bucht 17 Scientific Committees and EU Policy: The Case of SCHER ............... 301 Johan Eriksson, Mikael Karlsson, and Marta Reuter 18 Implementing Chemical Regulation: The Role of Inspectors ............. 319 Vicki Johansson Part III Conclusion 19 Regulatory Futures in Retrospect ......................................................... 339 Willem Halffman and Roland Bal Index ................................................................................................................. 349 Contributors Anderson Alison University of Plymouth, School of Applied Psychosocial Sciences, Faculty of Health, Drake Circus, Plymouth, Devon, PL4 8AA, UK [email protected] Andonova Liliana B Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies, Case postale 136 - 1211, Genève 21 - Suisse [email protected] Bal Roland Institute of Health Policy and Management Erasmus University, P.O. Box 1738, 3000 DR Rotterdam, The Netherlands [email protected] Bengtsson Bengt-Erik Department of Applied Environmental Science, Stockholm University, SE 106 91, Stockholm, Sweden e-mail: [email protected] Bengtsson Gunnar Luruddsvägen 32, Ekero, SE-17854, Sweden [email protected] Breitholz Magnus Department of Applied Environmental Science, Stockholm University, SE 106 81, Stockholm, Sweden [email protected] Bucht Bengt Swedish Chemicals Agency, P.O. Box 2, SE-172 13, Sundbyberg, Sweden [email protected] Castaño Argelia Centro Nacional de Sanidad Ambiental Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Ctra. Majadahonda – Pozuelo, 28220, Majadahonda Madrid, Spain [email protected] ix
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