Regional infrastructure systems : the political economy of regional infrastructure

241 Pages·2018·2.368 MB·English

by  Turner, Colin

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Regional Infrastructure Systems
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©ColinTurner2018
Allrightsreserved.Nopartofthispublicationmaybereproduced,storedina
retrievalsystemortransmittedinanyformorbyanymeans,electronic,mechanical
orphotocopying,recording,orotherwisewithoutthepriorpermissionofthe
publisher.
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EdwardElgarPublishingLimited
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Cheltenham
GlosGL502JA
UK
EdwardElgarPublishing,Inc.
WilliamPrattHouse
9DeweyCourt
Northampton
Massachusetts01060
USA
Acataloguerecordforthisbook
isavailablefromtheBritishLibrary
LibraryofCongressControlNumber:2018944033
Thisbookisavailableelectronicallyinthe
SocialandPoliticalSciencesubjectcollection
DOI10.4337/9781786430588
ISBN9781786430571(cased)
ISBN9781786430588(eBook)
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Contents
Preface vi
List of abbreviations viii
1 The rise of regional infrastructure systems 1
2 The European infrastructure system 31
3 TheAsian infrastructure system 70
4 TheAfrican infrastructure system 108
5 TheAmericas’infrastructure system 157
6 Regional infrastructure systems: a conclusion 201
Index 215
v
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Preface
One of the pre-eminent trends within the post-war global economy has
beenthemovetowardsregionalism.Whilstthereareamultitudeofforms
of regionalism across the global economy of varying depth and coverage,
all were motivated by the desire to enhance trade (and frequently
investment) across a group of states who occupy a contiguous/semi-
contiguous space. Across many such arrangements the need to adapt
national infrastructure systems or even create dedicated regional systems
has become an increasingly salient territorial strategy. This is based on a
belief that without such regional systems the full economic and political
benefits of regionalism cannot be realised. The development of, progress
towards and state motivations for such systems is the core theme of this
book. The process of developing such structures is viewed through the
lens of territoriality as such a constant theme throughout the work is to
assess the extent to which this process of regional infrastructuring
supports states in the attainment of their territorial objectives. In some
states, this is a process of adapting national systems to the new reality of
the international system. For other states, regional infrastructure is used
as a platform to promote the development of immature national systems.
This book seeks to add to increased academic attention paid to the
development of international infrastructures. By focusing on the region,
there is a need to account for all processes of international infrastructural
integration occurring within that regional grouping. In beginning to
examine the issue, the units of study (i.e. regions) were equated to the
main geographic continents, with theAmericas treated as a single region
of study.The book focuses on four regions (Europe,Asia,Africa, and the
Americas). The potential for an analysis of the fifth (Oceania) was
explored but was dropped due to the combination of a lack of material,
space and time. Moreover, within those regions studied, formal regional
integration frequently takes place with a series of regional sub-
agreements. In many cases, these are the main focal points of formal
policy programmes to develop regional infrastructure systems.
As mentioned above, core to these processes is the state-based system
andoftencoredevelopmentsintheevolutionofregionalinfrastructurelie
outsidetheformalregionalintegrationagreements.Therehasbeenalong
vi
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Preface vii
precedent of states engaging in interstate agreements to connect national
infrastructure systems. There are also processes where interstate agree-
ment leads to dedicated trans-national infrastructures (notably in energy).
Finally, there is the role of the global/regional hegemon in the develop-
ment of such systems. In the past, colonial powers have proved powerful
drivers in shaping regional infrastructure systems. In the contemporary
environment, China is proving to be a high-profile catalyst for the
development of intraregional connectivity, especially in Asia.
In writing a book addressing contemporary events and processes, there
is always a danger that what gets written gets overtaken by events. I have
tried to keep the material analysed as up to date as possible, but the
danger of dealing with what could be obsolescent is ever present. To this
author, infrastructure and infrastructuring are not only highly relevant to
contemporary debates but tend to lack a clear coherence of any under-
lying political/economic narrative underpinning their examination. My
hope is that this book (along with others I have written and co-written)
goes some way to offering a more coherent analysis of this fascinating
subject.
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Abbreviations
ADB Asian Development Bank
AfDB African Development Bank
AfIS African infrastructure system
AHN Asian highway network
AIF Asian Infrastructure Fund
AIIB Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank
AIS Asian infrastructure system
AmIS Americas’infrastructure system
AMU Arab Maghreb Union
ANCOM Andean Community
APEC Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation
APG ASEAN power grid
ASEAN Association of South EastAsian Nations
AU African Union
Bcfd billion cubic feet per day
CARICOM Caribbean Community
CEC Commission of the European Communities
CEF Connecting Europe Facility
CEMZA Common economic maritime zone ofAfrica
CEN-SAD Community of Sahel-Saharan States
COMESA Common Market for Eastern and SouthernAfrica
DAE DigitalAgenda for Europe
EAC EastAfrican Community
EAEU Eurasian Economic Union
ECCAS Economic Community of CentralAfrican States
ECOWAS Economic Community of WestAfrican States
EIB European Investment Bank
EIS European infrastructure system
viii
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Abbreviations ix
E-PENS pan-European energy networks
EU European Union
GCC Gulf Co-operation Council
GDP gross domestic product
ICA Infrastructure Consortium forAfrica
ICT information and communication technology
IEA International EnergyAgency
IEM Internal Energy Market
IGAD IntergovernmentalAuthority on Development
IIRSA Initiative for the Integration of the Regional
Infrastructure of SouthAmerica
IPE international political economy
ITU International Telecommunications Union
LAIA LatinAmerican IntegrationAgreement
LNG liquefied natural gas
LPI Logistics Performance Index (World Bank)
LSCI Liner Shipping Connectivity Index (UNCTAD)
mb/d million barrels per day
MDB multilateral development bank
Mercosur Mercado Común del Sur (Southern Common Market)
NAFTA NorthAmerican Free TradeArea
NIS national infrastructure system
NRI Network Readiness Index
OBOR One Belt, One Road
PEN pan-European network
PIDA Programme for Infrastructure Development inAfrica
REC regional economic communities (Africa)
RIS regional infrastructure system
SAARC SouthAsianAssociation for Regional Co-operation
SADC SouthAfrican Development Community
SEM Single European Market
SKRL Singapore–Kunming rail link
SREB Silk Road economic belt
TAGP trans-ASEAN gas pipeline
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