Regional Cultures and Mortality in America PDF
Preview Regional Cultures and Mortality in America
RegionalCulturesandMortalityinAmerica Acrossthe48contiguousstates,populationsinstateswithmoreactivist civic cultures have lower mortality than states that do not follow this model. Several different factors can be pointed to as causes for this discrepancy–netincome,classinequality,andthehistoryofsettlement ineachofthedifferentstatesandregions.Theseobservationsaretrueof Non-Hispanic Whites and African Americans, but not of American Indians and Hispanics, neither of which are fully integrated into the state political culture and economy in which they reside. In Regional Cultures and Mortality in America the struggles these various popula- tionsfaceinregardtotheirhealthareexploredintermsofwherethey reside. Stephen J. Kunitz is Professor Emeritus at the University of Rochester School of Medicine. Much of his past research has focused on the Navajos in the American Southwest. He is the author of Disease Change and the Role of Medicine: The Navajo Experience (1983), as well as coauthor,with J.E. Levy, of Indian Drinking:Navajo Practices and Anglo-American Theories (1974); Navajo Aging: The Transition from Family to Institutional Support (1991); Drinking Careers: A Twenty-FiveYearFollow-UpofThreeNavajoPopulations(1994);and Drinking, Conduct Disorder, and Social Change: Navajo Experiences (2000).HeisalsotheauthorofDiseaseandSocialDiversity(1994)and The Health of Populations (2007). He held a Robert Wood Johnson FoundationHealthPolicyInvestigatorAwardin2002–2006andisthe recipientoftwoFulbrightawards. Regional Cultures and Mortality in America STEPHEN J. KUNITZ, M.D., PH.D. DivisionofSocialandBehavioralMedicine, DepartmentofPublicHealthSciences, UniversityofRochesterSchoolofMedicine Rochester,N.Y. Withtheassistanceof NING ZHANG, PH.D. SchoolofPublicHealth, UniversityofMassachusetts, Amherst,MA (formerlyDepartmentofPublicHealthSciences,University ofRochesterSchoolofMedicine) 32AvenueoftheAmericas,NewYork,ny10013-2473,usa CambridgeUniversityPressispartoftheUniversityofCambridge. ItfurtherstheUniversity’smissionbydisseminatingknowledgeinthepursuitof education,learning,andresearchatthehighestinternationallevelsofexcellence. www.cambridge.org Informationonthistitle:www.cambridge.org/9781107079632 ©StephenJ.Kunitz2015 Thispublicationisincopyright.Subjecttostatutoryexception andtotheprovisionsofrelevantcollectivelicensingagreements, noreproductionofanypartmaytakeplacewithoutthewritten permissionofCambridgeUniversityPress. Firstpublished2015 PrintedintheUnitedStatesofAmerica AcatalogrecordforthispublicationisavailablefromtheBritishLibrary. LibraryofCongressCataloginginPublicationData Kunitz,StephenJ.,author. RegionalculturesandmortalityinAmerica/StephenJ.Kunitz withtheassistanceofNingZhang. p. ; cm. isbn978-1-107-07963-2(hardback) I. Title.[dnlm: 1. Mortality–UnitedStates–Statistics. 2. Cultural Characteristics–UnitedStates–Statistics. 3. SocioeconomicFactors–United States–Statistics.wa900aa1] hb1335 304.6040973–dc23 2014027898 isbn978-1-107-07963-2Hardback CambridgeUniversityPresshasnoresponsibilityforthepersistenceoraccuracyof urlsforexternalorthird-partyInternetWebsitesreferredtointhispublication anddoesnotguaranteethatanycontentonsuchWebsitesis,orwillremain, accurateorappropriate. Formygrandchildren,RachelVioletKunitz andJosephDanielKunitz DoIcontradictmyself? VerywellthenIcontradictmyself, (Iamlarge,Icontainmultitudes.) WaltWhitman,SongofMyself Contents ListofFigures pageix ListofTables xi Acknowledgments xv Introduction 1 part i: the national perspective 1 Institutions,Income,andMortalityintheUnitedStates 27 2 InstitutionsandtheMortalityofAfricanAmericans, Hispanics,andAmericanIndians 57 3 RegionalPatternsofUrbanAfricanAmericanMortality 77 part ii: local studies 4 ExtremesofMortalityinthePoorestStates 115 5 RegionalDifferencesinAmericanIndianMortality 147 6 HispanicMortalityinNewMexico 191 7 Conclusion 222 appendices (1) LogisticRegressions(OddsRatios)ofDeathintheNMLS SampleontotheIndex,theComponentsoftheIndex Separately,MedianIncome,andIncomeInequality 245 (2) HomicideandtheIndexofInstitutionalism 247 (3) IncomeandTaxesinKentucky,WestVirginia,andNorthand SouthDakota 252 vii viii Contents (4) HomicideinNorthandSouthDakotaandManitobaand Saskatchewan 254 (5) TheAppearanceofType2DiabetesamongAmericanIndians 256 (6) UseofLanguageOtherthanEnglishbySelf-Identified MembersofTribesNativetotheStatesinwhichTheyReside 259 (7) KinshipandSubstanceMisuseamongHispanicsinNew Mexico 261 Index 269
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