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Regional Anaesthesia for Caesarean Section - Anaesthesia 4 Iraq - Home PDF

52 Pages·2010·5.37 MB·English
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RReeggiioonnaall AAnnaaeesstthheessiiaa ffoorr CCaaeessaarreeaann SSeeccttiioonn Dr Wynne Davies UCLH NHS Trust Obstetric Anaesthesia MMaatteerrnnaall PPhhyyssiioollooggyy March2010 (cid:131) Changes start at conception (cid:131) Most are beneficial E.G. (cid:129)Blood volume (cid:132) (cid:131) A few are detrimental & offer no benefit Aortocaval compression (cid:132) Obstetric Anaesthesia CCaarrddiioovvaassccuullaarr SSyysstteemm March2010 (cid:131) Blood volume (cid:133) 30-45% (cid:131) Red cell mass (cid:133) 20% MCV (cid:133) (cid:132) WCC (cid:133) (cid:132) (cid:131) Hct = 35% (cid:131) Volume changes begin early 6-12 weeks (cid:132) Complete by 30-34 weeks (cid:132) Measured (cid:133) volume of 1200-1500mls (cid:132) Obstetric Anaesthesia CCaarrddiioovvaassccuullaarr SSyysstteemm March2010 (cid:131) Heart (cid:131) Systemic (cid:133) Cardiac Output (cid:134)SVR (cid:132) (cid:132) (cid:133) HR (cid:134) PVR (cid:132) (cid:132) (cid:133)SV (cid:134) SBP (cid:132) (cid:132) (cid:133) E.F. (cid:134) DBP (cid:132) (cid:132) (cid:133)Ventricular Mass (cid:132) (cid:133)LVEDV (cid:132) Obstetric Anaesthesia CCaarrddiioovvaassccuullaarr SSyysstteemm March2010 (cid:131) ECG Sinus tachycardia (cid:132) Left axis deviation (cid:132) ST depression (cid:132) Flattened T waves (cid:132) ? Clinical significance (cid:132) (cid:131) Heart Sounds murmurs (cid:132) Obstetric Anaesthesia March2010 Obstetric Anaesthesia AAnnaaeesstthheettiicc IImmpplliiccaattiioonnss March2010 (cid:131) Blood loss generally well tolerated (cid:131) (cid:133)C.O. (cid:134) Speed of onset of anaesthesia (cid:132) Providing aortocaval compression avoided (cid:132) (cid:131) Acute changes occur during Labour (cid:132) Delivery (cid:132) (cid:131) Vascular puncture in the epidural space is more common (cid:131) Smaller volumes of LA needed (cid:131) Beware Hypovolaemia & regional anaesthesia Obstetric Anaesthesia RReessppiirraattoorryy SSyysstteemm March2010 (cid:131) ABG’s Compensated respiratory alkalosis (cid:132) Alveolar hyperventilation (cid:132) Metabolic compensation, (cid:134)bicarbonate (cid:132) (cid:131) Pao normal 2 (cid:131) Beware supine/trendelenberg positions Aortocaval compression (cid:132) O2 consumption (cid:133) (cid:132)

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Obstetric Anaesthesia March2010 Lessons learned 76-78 failed intubation drill needed, haemorrhage protocol 79-81 problems with the airway, experience needed
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