Reforming International Institutions: Another World is Possible

321 Pages·2009·3.12 MB·English

by  Unbuntu Forum Secretariat

‘Neither “business as usual” nor the “status quo ante” are acceptable options. IR
This UBUNTU book makes an important contribution to informing the increasingly urgent n
debate around creating the conditions for a much more just, democratic and sustainable world.’ t
Jomo Kwame Sundaram, UN Assistant Secretary General ee
for Economic Development r
‘Reforming international institutions is an idea whose time has come, nf
and the UBUNTU Forum is well placed to keep the momentum going. Its approach is a
inclusive, non-confrontational and most likely to convince political leaders, senior officials t
o Reforming
from international organizations and civil society activists to work together to achieve a i
o
common goal: a safer, healthier, better world, for all to enjoy and leave to their children.’
Cécile Molinier, Director, UNDP Office in Geneva n
r
a
‘This incredible ensemble of influential global citizens tells us how to fix our broken or obsolete
l
institutions and systems... Certainly worth a read for any outraged or aspiring good global citizen.’ International

Ramesh Singh, Chief Executive, ActionAid International Im
n
s
There is now considerable unanimity that international organizations such as the United Nations,
t
the World Trade Organization (WTO), Bretton Woods Institutions and the international economic
ii I n s t i t u t io n s
architecture need to be reformed in order to achieve greater democratic governance to tackle the t
myriad of challenges facing the world. u
n
Written by leading members of the international community under the auspices of the World Forum
t
of Civil Society Networks – UBUNTU, this book provides a diverse and rich resource on all aspects of
i
the reform of international organizations. The book introduces the reader to the main organizations of the o
international multilateral system, presents proposals for reform and provides an analysis of the political ng
action required to achieve global democratic governance. Another World is Possible
s

UBUNTU is the World Forum of Civil Society Networks. Its main objective is to build bridges of
dialogue and communication amongst national and international institutions which are focused on
promoting peace, endogenous development, dignity and human rights.
S • Luis Alfonso de Alba • Marta Garrich • Antonio Papisca
R
O • Samir Amin • Edoardo Greppi • Poul Nyrup Rasmussen U E
h • Renata Bloem • Heidi Hautala • Sergi Rovira S B D
E U
UT • Boutros Boutros Ghali • Tomas Magnusson • Lene Schumacher C N IT
A • Aldo Caliari • Federico Mayor Zaragoza • Salil Shetty R T E
ER •• M Biargrtithtaa CDhaohul chena-Rojas •• A Llsuhísa -MRoirseet Migiro •• A Yansdhr eTwan Sdtoranuss ETA U F D B
T R O Y
hAP •• J Ruiacnh aErdd uFaarldko Eguiguren •• N Joúrgriea NMieotloin Ma ontesinos •• C Johsiecpo XWehrcitaavkiners IAT RU TH
C • John Foster • William R. Pace M E

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Reforming International Institutions
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Reforming International Institutions
Another World is Possible
Edited by the
UBUNTU Forum Secretariat
London•Sterling,VA
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00c_Reforming_i-xxx 17/7/09 13:36 Page v
Contents
ListofFigures ix
ListofContributors xi
Preface xxi
Prologue xxiii
ListofAcronymsandAbbreviations xxvii
Part1 TheWorldCampaign:ContextandStages
1 ByWayofIntroduction:TheWorldForumofCivilSociety 3
Networks–UBUNTU,DemocraticWorldwideGovernance
andtheWorldCampaignforIn-depthReformofthe
SystemofInternationalInstitutions
ThefoundingdocumentoftheUBUNTUForum 5
TheGlobalDemocraticGovernanceandthereformsin 8
someinternationalinstitutionsJorgeNietoMontesinos;
andthedecisiontolaunchtheCampaign
2 TheWorldCampaignforIn-depthReformoftheSystemof 15
InternationalInstitutions
FirstphaseoftheWorldCampaign(2002–2005) 15
SecondphaseoftheWorldCampaign(2006–2009) 19
TheWorldSocialForumand‘Tomakeanotherworld 22
possible...reformtheInternationalInstitutions’
ChicoWhitaker
Part2 Analysis
3 AnalysisoftheEvolutionoftheProposalsfortheReformof 29
theSystemofInternationalInstitutionsNúriaMolina
Proposalsfrominternationalorganizations 29
Inter-governmentalandgovernmentalinitiatives 32
Proposalsfromadhocgroups 35
Civilsocietyinitiatives 39
Proposalsfromtheacademicworld 45
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vi ReformingInternationalInstitutions
4 WorldDemocraticGovernanceJosepXercavins 51
TheWashingtonConsensus,thefalloftheBerlinWall 51
andotherprecedentsfortheworldpoliticalsituation
Democraticworldwidegovernance 66
Fromglobalizationtoworldcitizenshipandcosmopolitan 70
democracy
5 The2006WarinLebanonandtheRoleoftheUnitedNations 77
TheworldorderandtheroleoftheUnitedNationsafterthe 79
2006warinLebanonRichardFalk
Part3 TheProposals–inGeneral
6 ProposalsfortheReformoftheSystemofInternational 85
Institutions.FutureScenarios
Introduction,frameworkandsummary 85
Thesystemofinternationalinstitutionsasitisnow: 88
thelegacyofthe20thcentury
Themainaimsbehindreformingthesystemof 93
internationalinstitutions
Thefundamentalreformsscenario:stepsontheway 96
toreformingthesystemofinternationalinstitutions
Thesubstantivereformsscenario:substantivereforms 96
inthesystemofinternationalinstitutions
Thein-depthreformsscenario:thesystemofinternational 99
institutionsprofoundlyreformed
Thepoliticsofchangeandfinalcomments 101
7 ProposalsfortheReformoftheSystemofInternational 105
InstitutionstoMakeAnotherWorldPossible–TheLondon
Declaration
Background 105
Globaldemocracyandhumanrights 106
Peaceandsecurity 107
Sustainablehumandevelopmentandculturaldiversity 107
Theworldwidelegalframework 108
8 ReformingtheUNandotherInternationalInstitutions 109
BoutrosBoutrosGhali
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Contents vii
Part4 TheProposals–ArrangedbyThemes
9 ConcerningTwoInternationalConferences,TwoDifferent 117
YetComplementaryMomentumsforProgressAlongthe
AnalyticalandPropositivePathTowardstheIn-depth
ReformofourInternationalInstitutions
ConferenceonReformoftheUnitedNationsandother 119
InternationalInstitutions(Barcelona,September2004)
InternationalConferencefortheReformofInternational 120
Institutions(Geneva,November2006)
10 ProposalsforaNewArchitecturefortheSystemof 123
InternationalInstitutionsforDemocraticWorldwideGovernance
TheUnitedNationsMillenniumCampaign 125
SalilShetty
ReformingtheUnitedNationsandotherinternational 131
institutions:observationsfromtheSouth
Asha-RoseMigiro
WhatfuturefortheUnitedNations? 137
SamirAmin
Democracy,theUnitedNationsandCivilSociety 169
BirgittaDahl
Howandwhattrulyeffectivemeasuresshouldweintroduce 178
intheUNGA,theECOSOCandothermultilateral
organizationstocomplywiththecommitmentstakenat
UNconferencesandsummits,includingtheMDGs?
RenataBloem
ReformofInternationalInstitutions:Dialoguesbetween 180
differentlevelsofgovernanceandcivilsocietyactors
WilliamR.PaceandLeneSchumacher
Multilateralismandthereformofinternationalinstitutions 187
JuanEduardoEguiguren
11 ProposalsonReformingtheGeneralAssemblyoftheUNand 193
theWorldParliament
Reformingglobalinstitutions:lessonsfromEuropean 194
experienceAntonioPapisca
Institutionalarchitectureforworlddemocracy:theissue 200
oftheUNGeneralAssemblyandtheWorldParliament
HeidiHautala
TowardsaGlobalParliament 203
RichardFalkandAndrewStrauss
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viii ReformingInternationalInstitutions
12 ProposalsonInstitutionalReformsforPeace,Disarmament, 211
SecurityforPeople,GlobalJusticeandHumanRights
VisionforthereformoftheUnitedNationsSecurity 214
CouncilPoulNyrupRasmussen
SomereflectionsonreformingtheUN,theGeneral 218
AssemblyandthemaintenanceofpeaceEdoardoGreppi
Peace,disarmamentandthereformofinternational 223
institutionsTomasMagnusson
TheHumanRightsCouncilintotheUnitedNations 225
reformprocessLuisAlfonsodeAlba
13 ProposalsonInstitutionalReformsforWorldSocial, 229
EnvironmentalandEconomicWell-being;ortheDialecticsof
Development,theEnvironment,FinanceandTrade
Internationalinstitutionstoaddresstheenvironment 233
MarthaChouchena-Rojas
Twoscenariosforactionforchange:financingfor 239
development,andinnovativefinancingJohnFoster
RefoundingandreformoftheInternationalMonetary 243
Fund(IMF),theWorldBank(WB)andtheworldfinancial
andeconomicarchitecture
MartaGarrichandJosepXercavins
ReformingtheEconomicandSocialCouncil(ECOSOC) 253
MartaGarrichandJosepXercavins
14 AnOpenLettertotheNewSecretary-GeneraloftheUN: 261
Mr.BanKi-moon;andtheThreeBroadIssuesinaProcess
ofIn-depthReformoftheSystemofInternationalInstitutions
Part5 HowcanProgressbeMadeTowardsGlobalDemocratic
Governance?
15 AMulti-actorSocio-political,GlobalMovementforGlobal 267
DemocraticGovernance
Towardsamulti-actorpoliticalwillcoalition 268
JosepXercavins
Reformortransformation?Theendofoneeraandthe 270
startofanotherYashTandon
NotesandReferences 275
Index 279
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List of Figures
4.1 Theoriginal1989WashingtonConsensus 57
4.2 Evolutionoftheinternationalpoliticalsituation 59
4.3 MillenniumDevelopmentGoals 61
4.4 WorkprogrammefortheDohaDeclaration,whichopens
thedevelopmentround 62
4.5 Apossiblescenario 71
6.1 Thecurrentsystemofinternationalinstitutions 91
6.2 Thefundamentalreformsscenario 97
6.3 Thesubstantivereformsscenario 100
6.4 Thein-depthreformsscenario 102