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OF REDISCOVERY CALLIRHOE PAPAVER (MALVACEAE) ALABAMA IN (U.S.A.) Brian Keener R. Davenport LJ. & Dept, ofBiological Environmental Sciences & Dept, ofBiological Environmental Science The University of West Alabama Samford University Alabama Livingston, 35470, U.S.A. Birmingham, Alabama U.SA 35229, ABSTRACT RESUMEN The woodland poppy-mallow, G Callirhoe papaver (Cav.) A. eastern Coastal Plain from Georgia and west Florida, to easl southwestern Georgia, northern Alabama, and Mis Florida, of the Mississippi River (Dorr 1990). In Mississippi and Alabama, it has been specifically attributed to the Pine Hills or Lower Pine Region in the southern portions of both states (Mohr 1901; Dorr 1990). In a recent treatment of the Alabama vascular flora (Krai et al. 2011), Callirhoe papaver was treated as historic” or not collected in over 100 years and was mistakenly omitted from the latest inventory of rare, threatened, and endangered species (ALNHP 2012). The 2012 rediscovery of C. papaver in Washington Coun- Alabama, ty, reported here, is thus significant. HISTORICAL SPECIMENS Charles Mohr monumental Alabama (Mohr (1824-1901), in his Plant 1901), listed Callirhoe papaver only Life of from Healing Springs in northern Washington County. His citation “Herb. Geol. Surv. Herb. Mohr” was based on a single (UNA made collection 10851; Fig. that he inJuly, 1873. “Herb. Geol. Surv.” refers to the collection 1) Mohr that made for the Geological Survey of Alabama upon which his book was based (Davenport 1978, 1979a, 1979b). That collection of over 4000 specimens, long maintained separately as the herbarium of the Ala- bama Museum now Alabama of Natural History (ALU), incorporated into the University of Herbarium is (UNA). The ALU was when Eugene Allen Smith (1841-1927), long-time Alabama collection started in late 1878, State Geologist (see Henderson asked Mohr for help with his plant identifications. (Mohr’s polite accep- 2011), tence (Mohr Alabama 1878] of Smith’s request housed in the University of Special Collections.) Their col- is •aboration soon Growing Without led to the privately published Preliminary List of the Plants Cultivation in Ala- bama (Mohr 1880). In papaver was noted as occurring only in Washington County, with that Callirhoe list, Mohr M”) as ( its collector. h» contrast, “Herb. Mohr” Mohr’s much larger personal herbarium, which he bequeathed to the refers to mithsonian (Anonymous Two Alabama Callirhoe papaver specimens are currently Institution (US) 1901). Und at US. The (US 774668; has two labels. The first, original label is affixed to the lower-left first Fig. 2) 836 Journal of the Botanical Research Institute of Texas 7(2) «».«»*>«. | i y S<t/£ urn Upr '| . UNAOOOtqKi Hb r] , comer; it has a printed “Carl. Mohr” with the locality data and made several sets of notes by Mohr, different at The times. second label, placed in the traditional lower-right comer, newer by Mohr, with is a one, copied “Woodensprings, Washington Co” and “Aug 1872.” The above locality, subsequently recorded by Dorr who (1990) as “Wooden Mohr, Springs,” misspelled. is sought the healing powers of mineral baths and more healthful climates throughout (Davenport his adult life was 1978, 1979a), most one likely of the customers first at a resort founded by William Wooten 1872 (Sulzby in along abranch of Santa Bogue Creek in northern 1960; Foscue That around 17 small springs 1989). resort, built name Washington County, Alabama, was perhaps known as “Wooten Springs” after the of its devel- initially more customers. oper, then changed “Healing Springs” in order to attract to US The second US specimen (US lacks important details. The label is a generic one used at 11818; Fig. 3) and during Thus, the species’ identification, locality, col- the late 1800s and was probably placed ex postfacto. Wm name Mohr’s handwriting and not original notes by the collector’s in (“Mobile Harvey”) are clearly Ala; A on kctor. recorded the label. significant omission that no collection date is is Who was “Wm Harvey”? An 1871 Mobile city directory lists a William Harvey as a route agent for the & Mobile no such person listed in either the 1870 or 1880 Ohio Because is Railroad (Ancestry.com 2011). Commissioner United Mobile. According to a U.S. of in States Censuses, Harvey must have only lived briefly “package of plants collected near Mobile, Agriculture department received a Affairs report (Watts 1875), that Alabama, package contained Harvey’s Callirhoe papaver by Most that Mr. William Harvey” during 1874. likely, & — which ran within 13 miles of specimen Mobile Ohio Railroad line, perhaps collected a stop along the at Healing Springs. US was during that decade that Mohr probably know about Harvey’s collection at until the 1890s. It didn’t he US on occasions (Davenport 1978, 1979a). worked several on Alabama, and he visited diligently his flora of On Mohr wrote during one Harvey’s specimen to identify. the label, of those he must have been given visits, Most he specimen. importantly, “Mobile” and not the actual location of the to indicate the location collector’s Journal of the Botanical Research Institute of Texas 7(2) did not include Mobile County—which lacks suitable calcareous habitat-as a Callirhoe papaver locality in Plant Alabama (Mohr Life of 1901). In his monograph later of the genus. Dorr (1990) attributed C. papaver to Mobile County by citing the Harvey specimen without knowledge of the specimen’s history outlined above. REDISCOVERY 1 During 2012 a botanical survey of the -Limestone" or -Jackson Prairie* region of southwestern Alabam collection of CtlflWioe papaver was made by m the first author in Washington County, The locality is ca. 4.2 NNE of HealmgAVoodenAVooten Springs, the only Alabama ‘original" locality. This population contaii approximately 40 individuals. lhe V loca Was rev one *lt^ isited year j’° later. Callirhoe papaver and associated species seemei , \ n “ . be slightly delayed in flowering time horn the previous ' year. Further exploration in 2013 (Keene. resulted in the discovery of an additional population of 10 ENE individual 2012 of the locality :s (Keener etal. 7344). Voucher ALABAMA. W specimens: Washington N Co.: 3.8 air mi of MiUr ry, prairie of Brier Creek, 31.69025°N, 88.31505°W, 24 Jun 2012, B.R. Keener 7344 with W.K. Webb (UWAL, SAMF, TROY, m VDB); NE 4.3 air »i of Millry, along primitive private road ca. 1.6 mi E ofjet. with Co. Rd. 45 (Mt. Carmel Rd.), 31.67720°N, 88.26003°W, 21 jun 2013 Br (UWAL). TOe sods of both sites are clay with O occasional thin areas of exposed limestone. The grow in plants allirhoe sunor Jong full the margin of woods prairie dominated by eastern red-cedar Ouniperus virginiana L.) (Fig. 'fl- s Associated herbaceous species are Asclepias viridis Walter, Echinacea purpurea Moe boykinii (L.) ench, Polygala Nutt., P. violacea Aubl., Silphium laevigatum Pursh, and Tripsacum dactyloides Unfo are (L.) L. irtunately, the sites dominated by the invasive cogon grass, hnperata cylindrica (L.) Beauv. P. . . In light of Callirhoe papaver being treated as “historic” and its “disappearance” from the Alabama flora the early 1870s, the above collections are deemed noteworthy. While C. papa\er is seemingly a globally since secure taxon, it remains as one of Alabama’s rarest vascular plant species. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS We We thank Deborah Bell (US) and Steve Ginzbarg (UNA) for providing images of herbarium specimens. We greatly acknowledge the field assistance of Wayne Webb and Alvin Diamond. thank John Hall for image We comments editing assistance. also thank John Clark (UNA) and Larry Dorr (US) for insightful that im- proved the manuscript. REFERENCES Alabama Natural History Program [ALNHP]. 201 2. Alabama inventory list; the rare, threatened, and endangered plants and U.SA animals of Alabama. Privately printed. Auburn, Alabama, 2876&db=USD Ancestry.com. 201 U.S. City Directories, 1821-1 989. http://search.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/sse.dll?h=92601 1 . irectories&indiv=try. Accessed 02 Sep 2012. Davenport, LJ. 1979a. Charles Mohr and Plant Life of Alabama. Sida 8:1-13. Mohr Alabama. Taxon 28:567-571 specimens the Herbarium, University, Davenport, LJ. 1979b. Vascular plant type in New Mem. York Gard. 56:1-76. Dorr, U. 1990. A revision of the North American genus Callirhoe (Malvaceae). Bot. Alabama, U.SA. Alabama Tuscaloosa, Foscue,V.O. 1989. Place names Alabama. University of Press, in New Montgomery, How shaped South Books, Henderson, A.K. 2011. Eugene Allen Smith’s Alabama: a geologist a state. ftiaDama, U.5.A. and M. Woods. 201 M.G. Lelong, D.D. Spaulding, 1 Kral, R., A.R. Diamond, Ginzbarg, CJ. Hansen, R.R. Haynes, B.R. Keener, Jr., S.L. Annotated checklist of the vascular plants of Alabama. Sida, Botanical Miscellany 36. Botanical Research Institute of Texas Press, Fort Worth, Texas, U.S.A. Alabama Tuscaloosa, Mohr, AL 18 Dec University of Special Collections, C.T. 1878. Letter to E.A. Smith from Mobile, Alabama, U.S.A. made by Alabama, from the collections Mohr, growing without cultivation in C.T. 1880. Preliminary of the plants list Alabama, published, Mobile, U.S.A. Eugene A. Smith, Tuscaloosa, and Charles Mohr, Mobile, Ala. Privately Government Washington, DC; also Ala- Printing Office, Mohr, C.T. 901 Plant of Alabama. Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 6. 1 life . U.SA Montgomery, Alabama, bama Brown Printing Co., Alabama Monogr. Edition, Geol. Survey of 5. U.SA Alabama, Alabama Tuscaloosa, Suiav, and University of Press, I960. Alabama hotels resorts. J.F., Jr. Historic Commissioner of Agriculture for the year 1874. US. Gov- Watts, Report of the F. 1 875. Report of the Commissioner. In: ernment U.SA 5-14. Printing Washington, DC, Pp. Office,