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Reconstructing Schopenhauer’s Ethics: Hope, Compassion, and Animal Welfare PDF

249 Pages·2019·8.248 MB·English
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i RECONSTRUCTING SCHOPENHAUER’S ETHICS ii iii RECONSTRUCTING SCHOPENHAUER’S ETHICS Hope, Compassion, and Animal Welfare Sandra Shapshay 1 iv 3 Oxford University Press is a department of the University of Oxford. It furthers the University’s objective of excellence in research, scholarship, and education by publishing worldwide. Oxford is a registered trade mark of Oxford University Press in the UK and certain other countries. Published in the United States of America by Oxford University Press 198 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10016, United States of America. © Oxford University Press 2019 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, without the prior permission in writing of Oxford University Press, or as expressly permitted by law, by license, or under terms agreed with the appropriate reproduction rights organization. Inquiries concerning reproduction outside the scope of the above should be sent to the Rights Department, Oxford University Press, at the address above. You must not circulate this work in any other form and you must impose this same condition on any acquirer. CIP data is on file at the Library of Congress ISBN 978– 0– 19– 090680– 1 1 3 5 7 9 8 6 4 2 Printed by Sheridan Books, Inc., United States of America v For Marcia Baron and Allen Wood, mentors and friends vi vii CONTENTS Preface ix Citations to Schopenhauer’s Works xiii Introduction 1 1. A Tale of Two Schopenhauers 11 2. Schopenhauer’s Pessimism in Light of His Evolving System 37 3. Freedom and Morality 97 4. Compassionate Moral Realism 139 5. A Role for Reason in Schopenhauer’s Ethics 193 Conclusion 211 Bibliography 215 Index 221 viii ix PREFACE This reconstruction of Schopenhauer’s ethics has been in the works for nearly ten years, but my interest in Schopenhauer, and especially his philosophy of value, dates back to a conversation that I had with Arthur Danto while I was a graduate student at Columbia University. We were discussing my interest in writing a dissertation on Kantian aesthetics, which prompted him to ask: “Do you know who is the most underrated and underappreciated philosopher in Western phi- losophy?” I thought about this for a little while and then answered gamely, “Hmmm . . . I don’t know . . . maybe Heidegger?” To which he replied, “Schopenhauer!” His somewhat enigmatic pronouncement sent me on a quest to find the philosophical treasures locked up in this earlier Arthur’s works, and my work focused at first on his aesthetic theory. But I came to realize that it is his ethical thought that is probably the most underrated part of this underrated philosopher, and the central aim of this book is to defend an interpretation of his ethics as both an original and promising contribution to the subject. Careful attention

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