Recognition in Microbe-Plant Symbiotic and Pathogenic Interactions PDF
Preview Recognition in Microbe-Plant Symbiotic and Pathogenic Interactions
Recognition in Microbe-Plant Symbiotic and Pathogenic Interactions NATO ASI Series Advanced Science Institutes Series A series presenting the results of activities sponsored by the NA TO Science Committee, which aims at the dissemination of advanced scientific and technological knowledge, with a view to strengthening links between scientific communities. The Series is published by an international board of publishers in conjunction with the NATO Scientific Affairs Division A Life Sciences Plenum Publishing Corporation B Physics London and New York C Mathematical and D. Reidel Publishing Company Physical Sciences Dordrecht, Boston, Lancaster and Tokyo D Behavioural and Martinus Nijhoff Publishers Social Sciences Boston, The Hague, Dordrecht and Lancaster E Applied Sciences F Computer and Springer-Verlag Systems Sciences Berlin Heidelberg New York G Ecological Sciences London Paris Tokyo H Cell Biology Series H: Cell Biology Vol. 4 Recognition in Microbe-Plant Symbiotic and Pathogenic Interactions Edited by Ben Lugtenberg Department of Plant Molecular Biology University of Leiden Leiden, The Netherlands Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg New York London Paris Tokyo Published in cooperation with NATO Scientific Affairs Divison Proceedings of the NATO Advanced Research Workshop on Recognition in Microbe Plant Symbiotic and Pathogenic Systems held at Biddinghuizen, The Netherlands, May 11-16, 1986 ISBN-13: 978-3-642-71654-6 e-ISBN-13: 978-3-642-71652-2 001: 10.1007/978-3-642-71652-2 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically those of translating, reprinting, re-use of illustrations, broadcastings, reproduction by photocopying machine or similar means, and storage in data banks. Under § 54 of the German Copyright Law where copies are rnade for other than private use, a fee is payable to "Verwertungsgesell schaft Wort", Munich. © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 1986 Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1s t edition 1986 2131/3140-543210 PREFACE This volume comprises the lectures of the speakers at the NATO Advanced Research Workshop held at the Congress Centre The Flevohof at Biddinghuizen, The Netherlands, May 11-16, 1986. The purpose of the workshop was to bring together experts in symbiosis, plant pathology and plant molecular biology in order to discuss recent progress in the field of microbe -plant re cognition at the molecular level, to promote integration of various disciplines, and to define recommendations for future research and applications. Plants have developed a variety of sophisticated defence mechanisms to cope with an environment in which many different microbes live. Most microbes which colonize plant tissues are harmless. Some microbes have developed ways to attack plants successfully, resulting in enormous losses of crop yields. Other microbes have reached an agreement with the host plant which is beneficial for both: these microbes live in symbiosis with the plant and provide their host plant for example with substantial amounts of atmospheric nitrogen. Chemical protection of crops is a necessity in modern crop management but this treatment has some negative effects as well. Therefore scientists are looking for alternative, biological, ways to control crop pests. Against this background specialists from eleven countries discussed the results of their most recent work on the molecular background of microbe - plant interactions. It appeared that, in order to capitalize the recent rapid progress made in the mole cular genetical studies on Rhizobium-legume and pathogen-host plant interactions, a multidisciplinary approach is required. Plant molecular biologists, phytopathologists, molecular micro biologists, plant physiologists, soil biologists and agronomists should collaborate closely and define recommendations for future research on the molecular basis of microbe - plant interactions. The ultimate goal is application of this knowledge for the bene fit of mankind. VI The atmosphere of the workshop was excellent. Several lec tures and discussions resulted in new collaborations and opened links to other disciplines. The scientific success of the work shop was to a major extent the result of the excellent, critical and friendly advice of my colleagues Prof. Peter Albersheim, Prof. Klaus Hahlbrock and Prof. Robbert Schilperoort, to whom I am most grateful. Essentially all speakers and discussion leaders contributed their manuscripts in time. I thank all participants for a week of excellent science. The meeting would not have been possible without the help of many people, most of whom I will not mention here. I want to express my admiration for Sonja Chang, who spent many hours at the organization of the workshop. I am also in debt to her for her careful and efficient handling of the manuscripts and for improving and preparing many of the excellent typescripts from which this book was produced. The selfless handling of logistic and financial aspects of the meeting by my colleagues Dr. Anton van Brussel and Dr. Robert Okker was warmly appreciated. The financing of the workshop was helped greatly by contri butions of several bodies, especially the Adviescommissie IOP-b, Gist-brocades, Mogen International B.V., Multiplant B.V. and Shell International Petroleum Company Limited, who paid part of the expenses of several participants. The Scientific Affairs Di vision of NATO was our major sponsor. On behalf of all partici pants I thank them for the very generous grant which enabled us to finance the scientific meeting. The contacts with and valuable advice from Dr. Truels Truelsen and Dr. Mario di Lullo was greatly appreciated. It was sad to learn that Dr. di Lullo died recently. We hope that this volume will prove to be useful in sharpen ing our perspective of how microorganisms and plants communicate at the molecular level. B. Lugtenberg Leiden, September 1986 CONTENTS I. RECOGNITION IN NODULATION BY RHIZOBIUM Genetic analysis of Rhizobium-plant interactions ............. l Sharon R. Long, N. Kent Peters, John T. Mulligan, Mark E. Dudley and Robert F. Fisher Respective roles of common and specific Rhizobium meliloti nod genes in the control of lucerne infection ............... 17 F. Debelle, S.B. Sharma, C. Rosenberg, J. Vasse, F. Maillet, G. Truchet and J. Denarie Infection mutants of Rhizobium meliloti are altered in acidic exopolysaccharide production ......................... 29 A. Puhler, M.F. Hynes, D. Kapp, P. Muller and K. Niehaus Intercellular communication and recognition in the Rhizobium-legume symbiosis .................................. 39 B.G. Rolfe, J.W. Redmond, M. Batley, H. Chen, S.P. Djordjevic, R.W. Ridge, B.J. Bassam, C.L. Sargent, F.B. Dazzo and M.A. Djordjevic Promoters and operon structure of the nodulation region of the Rhizobium leguminosarum symbiosis plasmid pRLlJI ..... 55 Herman P. Spaink, Robert J.H. Okker, Carel A. Wijffelman, Elly Pees and Ben Lugtenberg Manipulation of nodulation specificity in the pea-Rhizobium leguminosarum symbiosis ..................................... 69 S.L.A. Hobbs, C.M.O. DeLong, S. Denes and V.N. Iyer Bradyrhizobium japonicum genes involved in soybean root-nodule development ..................................... 79 Joseph W. Lamb, Brigitte Regensburger, Hans-Martin Fisher, Michael Gottfert, Linda Meyer, Sabine Ebeling, Daniel Studer, Matthias Hahn and Hauke Hennecke VIII Nodulation of soybean: Bradyrhizobium japonicum physiology and genetics ................................................ 87 Gary Stacey, Larry J. Halverson, Tony Nieuwkoop, Zsofia Banfalvi, Maria G. Schell, David Gerhold, Nirupama Deshmane, Jae Seong So and Karl M. Sirotkin Attachment of Rhizobium leguminosarum to pea root hair tips ....................................................... 101 J.W. Kijne, G. Smit, C.L. Diaz and B.J.J. Lugtenberg Specificity of Rhizobium(Galega) - Galega-interaction ...... 113 Paivi Lipsanen and Kristina Lindstrom Flavones induce expression of the nodulation genes in Rhizobium ............................................... 115 John W. Redmond, Michael Batley, Roger W. Innes, Peter L. Kuempel, Michael A. Djordjevic and Barry G. Rolfe Induction of Rhizobium nod genes by flavonoids: differential adaptation of promoter, nodD gene and inducers for various cross-inoculation groups ................................... 123 Carel Wijffelman, Bas Zaat, Herman Spaink, Ine Mulders, Ton van Brussel, Rob Okker, Elly Pees, Ruud de Maagd and Ben Lugtenberg Induction of Rhizobium leguminosarum nod genes by flavonoids is antagonized by other plant-specified aromatic compounds ......................................... 137 J.L. Firmin, K.E. Wilson, L. Rossen and A.W.B. Johnston Fractionation of Rhizobium leguminosarum cells into outer membrane, cytoplasmic membrane, periplasmic and cytoplasmic components ................................................. 149 Ruud A. de Maagd, Carel A. Wijffelman and Ben Lugtenberg IX A study of surface interactions between Rhizobium bacteroids and the peribacteroid membrane using monoclonal antibodies ................................................. 153 N.J. Brewin, D.J. Bradley, E.A. Wood, G. Galfre and G.W. Butcher Nodulins involved in early stages of pea root nodule development ................................................ 163 Ton Bisseling, Henk Franssen, Ton Gloudemans, Francine Govers, Marja Moerman, Jan-Peter Nap and Albert van Kammen II. RECOGNITION IN PATHOGEN - PLANT INTERACTION Pathogenic strategies of fungi ............................. 171 N.T. Keen The molecular basis of the Agrobacterium-plant interaction - Characteristics of Agrobacterium virulence genes and their possible occurrence in other plant-associated bacteria - ................................................ 189 Paul J.J. Hooykaas and Rob A. Schilperoort T-region transfer from Agrobacterium tumefaciens to plant cells: functional characterization of border repeats ....... 203 Mark J.J. van Haaren, Jack T. Pronk, Rob A. Schilperoort and Paul J.J. Hooykaas Cloning of DNA sequences from Azospirillum brasilense, homologous to Rhizobium nod genes and Agrobacterium vir genes .................................................. 215 Jos Vander leyden , Claire Vieille, Kris Michiels, Giorgio Matassi, August Van Gool and Claudine Elmerich Attachment of Agrobacterium tumefaciens to plant host cells ................................................. 219 Ann G. Matthysse x Role of fimbriae and pili in the attachment of Klebsiella, Enterobacter and Pseudomonas to plant surfaces ............. 229 Timo K. Korhonen, Kielo Haahtela, Martin Romantschuk and Dennis H. Bamford Race specific resistance to Bremia lactucae is expressed by lettuce cells in suspension culture ..................... 243 P.F.S. Street, P.M. Rowell, D.N. Crucefix, F. Didehvar and J.W. Mansfield Interaction of fungal polygalacturonase with plant proteins in relation to specificity and regulation of plant defense response ........................................... 253 F. Cervone, G. De Lorenzo, L. Degra and G. Salvi A model system for the study of fungus - host surface interactions: adhesion of Phytophthora rnegasperrna to proto- plasts and mesophyll cells of soybean ...................... 259 Hans R. Hohl and Sylvia Balsiger Ultrastructural studies of surface interactions during adhesion and infection by ericoid endomycorrhizal fungi ...................................................... 273 V. Gianinazzi-Pearson, P. Bonfante-Fasolo and J. Dexheimer Structural modifications of the fungal wall before and during VAM symb,iosis ....................................... 283 P. Bonfante-Fasolo, C. Marzachi' and B. Testa III. RECOGNITION IN PLANT DEFENCE Occurrence of race-specific elicitors in the host pathogen interaction tomato-Cladosporium fulvum ..................... 287 Pierre J.G.M. de Wit and Ingrid M.J. Toma
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