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Reclaiming Iraq: The 1920 Revolution and the Founding of the Modern State PDF

224 Pages·2012·4.891 MB·English
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Reclaiming Iraq Map 1.1. Iraq in 1920. Times (London), 3 September 1920. Reclaiming Iraq The 1920 RevoluTion and The Founding oF The ModeRn STaTe By Abbas Kadhim University of Texas Press    Austin Copyright © 2012 by the University of Texas Press All rights reserved Printed in the United States of America First edition, 2012 Requests for permission to reproduce material from this work should be sent to: Permissions University of Texas Press P.O. Box 7819 Austin, TX 78713- 7819 www.utexas.edu/utpress/about/bpermission.html ♾ The paper used in this book meets the minimum requirements of anSi/niSo Z39.48- 1992 (R1997) (Permanence of Paper). libRaRy oF CongReSS CaTaloging- in- publiCaTion daTa Kadhim, Abbas K. Reclaiming Iraq : the 1920 revolution and the founding of the modern state / by Abbas K. Kadhim. — 1st ed.   p.  cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. iSbn 978-0-292-73924-6 (cloth : alk. paper) 1. Iraq—History—Revolt, 1920. 2. Iraq—History—Autonomy and independence movements. I. Title. dS79.K34 2012 956.704′1—dc23 2012016104 To Bushra, Ali, Huda, and Hussein THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK Contents Acknowledgments ix inTRoduCTion 1 ChapTeR 1: The 1920 Revolution in History 19 ChapTeR 2: The Causes of the Revolution 43 ChapTeR 3: Th e Revolution in the Middle Euphrates and Beyond 69 ChapTeR 4: The Journalism of the Revolution 97 ChapTeR 5: The Revolutionary Networks 113 ChapTeR 6: The Revolution’s Aftermath 135 ConCluSion 161 Notes 171 Bibliography 197 Index 205 THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK Acknowledgments In wRiTing ThiS booK, i Fell in debT To Many people who made my undertaking fruitful. Dr. Muham- mad Abu Ṭabīkh and the late Dr. Ali Abu Ṭabīkh, sons of Sayyid Muḥsin Abu Ṭabīkh, kindly provided me with much- needed access to personal information about their father’s struggle during the 1920s and 1930s, including many previously untold stories. Our many tele- phone interviews were often taxing, and they generously accepted the burden. I also owe special gratitude to Dr. Jamil Abu Ṭabīkh, who made available many documents, including a copy of the unedited version of his father’s memoirs, and provided much help during my September 2006 research trip to London. Many thanks are owed also to all the authors whose previous works on the history of Iraq and the era covered by this book were tremen- dously helpful for me, for both the insight they provided and the ap- proaches they used in examining the events leading to and accom- panying the revolution. Professor Robert Gregg of Stanford University facilitated my ac- cess to materials held there. Also, I owe a great debt of gratitude to my colleague Professor Robert Looney, who read and commented on earlier versions of the manuscript or parts of it. My lifelong friend Dr. Hassan Nadhem was with me throughout the research and writing and provided tremendous help and advice. The Center for Middle Eastern Studies at the University of Cali- fornia, Berkeley, and the Center for Comparative Studies in Race and

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