Recent Trends in Materials Science and Applications: Nanomaterials, Crystal Growth, Thin films, Quantum Dots, & Spectroscopy (Proceedings ICRTMSA 2016)

731 Pages·2017·25.61 MB·English

by  Jeyasingh Ebenezar (eds.)

Springer Proceedings in Physics 189
Jeyasingh Ebenezar Editor
Recent Trends
in Materials
Science and
Applications
Nanomaterials, Crystal Growth, Thin
films, Quantum Dots, & Spectroscopy
(Proceedings ICRTMSA 2016)
Springer Proceedings in Physics
Volume 189
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More information about this series at http://www.springer.com/series/361
Jeyasingh Ebenezar
Editor
Recent Trends in Materials
Science and Applications
fi
Nanomaterials, Crystal Growth, Thin lms,
Quantum Dots, & Spectroscopy (Proceedings
ICRTMSA 2016)
123
Editor
Jeyasingh Ebenezar
Department ofPhysics
Jamal MohamedCollege(Autonomous)
Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu
India
ISSN 0930-8989 ISSN 1867-4941 (electronic)
SpringerProceedings in Physics
ISBN978-3-319-44889-3 ISBN978-3-319-44890-9 (eBook)
DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-44890-9
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Foreword 1
I am delighted to know that the Department of Physics, Jamal Mohamed College,
Tiruchirappalli, had organized an International Conference on Recent Trends in
MaterialsScienceandApplications(ICRTMSA2016)on29thFebruary2016.Any
conferencehasitsaim,disseminationofknowledge,sharingofideas,andexposure
to latest trends and techniques. Judging by the overwhelming response at the
conference and by the large number of papers containing the results of original
research carried out by researchers and scientists, I have no doubt that this con-
ference ICRTMSA 2016 has fulfilled its stated objectives in ample measure. The
organizers have taken considerable efforts right from organizing the conference to
compiling the papers presented in a nice form as a “Springer Proceedings in
Physics.”Thisonceagainreflectsthehighqualityofresearchthatwasdeliveredin
the conference.
This proceedings is divided into six self-sufficient parts providing relevant
information on most recent topics such as nanomaterials, quantum dots, thin film,
crystal growth, and spectroscopy. It combines detailed discussions on fundamen-
tals, preparation, characterization of novel materials, and theoretical description of
suchcomplextopicsasquantumdots,withgoodexpositionoftheresultsobtained
andtheirexcellentinterpretationandidentificationoftheplausibleapplications.My
appreciations are due to the editor for his excellent work.
Ihopethatthisproceedingswillcontributeimmenselytothebodyofknowledge
in materials science and will be a valuable reference not only to an uninitiated
novice, but also to seasoned researchers in these fields.
Dr. R.V. Mangalaraja
President
Chilean Metallurgy and Materials Society
Professor and Director
Department of Materials Engineering
University of Concepcion
Concepcion, Chile
v
Foreword 2
The International Conference on Recent Trends in Materials Science and
Applications(ICRTMSA2016),organizedon29thFebruary2016,wasaninitiative
taken by the Department of Physics, Jamal Mohamed College, Tiruchirappalli,
SouthIndia,tobringtogetheractiveresearchersfromvariousdisciplinesofmaterials
science and enable them to showcase their state-of-the-art research results, interact
with thepeers innew cross-disciplinary fields, and enhance their knowledge.
I understand that more than 120 research articles were received from various
parts of the world, which demonstrates the international reach of the conference.
Iamalso given tounderstand thatafter astrict reviewprocess,characteristic ofall
Springer editions, 52 articles have been selected and brought out in fine print as
“Springer Proceedings in Physics.”
Thebookattemptstopresentimportantselectedtopicsinmaterialssciencesuch
asnanomaterials,quantumdots,thinfilm,crystalgrowth,andspectroscopyinsuch
a way that it will serve as an introductory text for the undergraduate and post-
graduatestudentsinmaterialsscience,nanoscience,andtechnology,aswellascan
be used as a book of reference by the researchers in this field. Kudos to the editor
and the publishers for their nice compilation.
I am sure that this book will meet the needs of updating of knowledge by
students aspiring to pursue a meaningful research career in materials science.
Prof. Ajayan Vinu, FRSC, FFMAS
Professor of Nanomaterials
Future Industries Institute
Division of Information Technology
Engineering and the Environment
University of South Australia
Adelaide, Australia
vii
Preface
In recent years, materials science has emerged as one of the most important and
excitingareasofresearchinthefieldsofscience,engineering,andtechnology.This
ismainlybecauseofthefactthatmaterialssciencehasledtotherecognitionofthe
fundamental similarities underlying the structures, phenomena, and properties of a
wide variety of interesting and technologically important materials. The identifi-
cation and development of novel materials every decade has paved the way, in a
very much large measure, for the advancement of knowledge in science.
The three fundamental constituents of materials science and engineering are
perhaps crystal growth, thin film fabrications, and development of nanomaterials.
Developmentofdevicesfortechnologicallyimportantapplicationssuchassensors,
detectors, and integrated circuits for data acquisition and analysis calls for the
growth of crystals of suitable size and perfection. Similarly, continued technolog-
icaladvancesinthefieldsofoptoelectronic,photonic,gassensors,solarcells,etc.,
whichhavespawnedmanyemergentcuttingedgetechnologiesweremadepossible
with the development of thin films made from newer materials. Further, the
development of various novel nanostructured materials with highly remarkable
properties appears to have taken the developments in science and technology to
every conceivable sphere of human endeavor.
Taking cognizance of these variegated importances of research in materials
science, the Department of Physics, Jamal Mohamed College, Tiruchirappalli,
SouthIndia,anautonomousA-gradecollege,recognizedasacollegewithpotential
for excellence by the National Accreditation and Assessment Council, constituted
by the University Grants Commission (UGC) of the Government of India, orga-
nized an International Conference on Recent Trends in Materials Science and
Applications (ICRTMSA 2016) during 29th February 2016. This proceeding is a
compendiumofthematerialspresentedintheplenarysessions,invitedlectures,and
papers presented at this conference. It provides an overview of materials science,
starting from the experimental and theoretical methods of preparation, processing
etc., for the identification of the structural changes, properties, and applications. It
containsatotalof58chaptersorganizedintosixparts(PartI–VIincluding“Invited
and Plenary Talk”).
ix
x Preface
Part I comprises of six chapters consisting of lectures delivered by the invited
speakers on topics such as cavitation technology, biological applications of core
shell nanoparticles, quantum dots and device fabrication, spectroscopic and quan-
tum computation techniques, electrodepostion method for nanostructured thin film
preparation, and the prospects and constraints of emerging nanotechnology.
Part II focuses on the significant advances in nanoscience and nanotechnology
and covers topics including synthesis and annealing effects, and spectral, thermal,
microstructural, magnetic, electrochemical, and dielectric properties of nanomate-
rials for wide range of applications including gas sensing, photocathode for solar
cells, optical limiting, antibacterial, photocatalytic, super-capacitor electrode,
optoelectronic, storage device, and window layer applications.
PartIIIisdevotedtothestudiesoftheelectronicandopticalpropertiesrelatedto
the quantum dots, the artificial atoms. Stress is on Group II–VI and III–V ternary
and quaternary semiconducting materials, as they are considered to be promising
candidates due to their potential applications in short wavelength laser diodes,
amplifiers, and switches. The size-dependent dots exhibit some exotic electronic
and optical properties which can be applied for fabricating novel optoelectronic
devices such as optical and electro-optic modulators, inter-band lasers, optical
switches, optical amplifiers, and inter-subband long wavelength detectors. The
experimentalsynthesisofthecadmiumsulfide(CdS)quantumdotsandtheirrelated
optical properties is also discussed.
Part IV deals with the experimental understanding of surface and thin film
materials, their deposition, processing and fabrication techniques, spectroscopic,
surface,resistivity,ACimpedance,conductivityandmagneticstudies,sensingand
opticalpropertiesthatareusedtoproduceoptoelectronic,photonic,gassensor,and
solar cells, Li-ion battery and magneto-optic memory devices. It focuses specially
on the solvent effect on the preparation and properties of thin films, preparation of
nanostructured thin films for sensing application, studies on phase transformation
behavior,and organic andpotential material preparationfor solarcell applications.
Part V discusses the synthesis and crystal growth of technologically important
single crystals for nonlinear optical and electro-optic applications. In particular,
itcoversthesynthesis,growth,spectral,thermal,mechanical,dielectric,andoptical
properties of organic, inorganic, and semi-organic single crystals grown by slow
evaporation,top-seededsolutiongrowth,andverticalBridgmangrowthtechniques,
studies of the dielectric properties of organic single crystals and fluorinated
anti-ferroelectric liquid crystal and ion irradiation studies on semi-organic single
crystals.AlsotheX-raycrystallographystudiesofmanybiologicalcompoundssuch
as of E-methyl-2-(1,3-dimethyl-2,6-diphenylpiperidin-4-ylidene) hydrazinecar-
boxylate,4-ethoxyanilinium hydrogen succinate, and4-methoxyaniliniumchloride
4-methoxy aniline crystallized by slow evaporation method are focussed. Their
structures are solved and refined using full-matrix least squares technique by
SHELX program package and their applications are presented.
Finally, Part VI elaborates on spectroscopy, an important tool in the field of
pharmaceutical sciences. It emphasizes the structural design, highest occupied
molecular orbital and lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (HOMO-LUMO),
Preface xi
thermodynamical parameters, etc., of some pharmaceutically and biologically
active drugs using quantum computational chemistry methods and computer
modeling techniques. The same chapter also discusses the theoretical and experi-
mental evaluation of ultrasonic velocity in liquid mixtures and studies the effect
ofthevariationsintheultrasonicvelocityonthebehaviorofpolymersystems,such
as intra- and intermolecular association, dipolar interactions, complex formation,
and structural changes which in turn are helpful in the production and use of
polymers in pharmaceuticals and industry.
As this proceedings contains results of experimental and theoretical research, it
will serve as an essential reading for a wider audience which includes students,
teachers, professionals, researchers, and industrialists involved in all branches of
materials science and engineering, particularly for those who are preparing for an
entry into or are already associated with materials science, and nanoscience and
technology.
Constructive suggestions for the betterment of the proceedings will be much
appreciated and gratefully acknowledged.
Tiruchirappalli, India Jeyasingh Ebenezar